Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary bony and cartilaginous sarcomas of the chest wall are uncommon, and data concerning treatment and results are sparse. To assess the results of therapy, we reviewed our 40-year experience. Records of 38 patients with osteosarcoma and 88 with chondrosarcoma arising in chest wall admitted to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1949 to 1989 were reviewed. The 88 patients with chondrosarcoma ranged in age from 5 to 86 years (median age, 49 years); the male/female ratio was 1.3:1. Presenting complaint was mass, pain, or both in 93%. Primary therapy was resection (n = 84), radiation therapy (n = 3), or chemotherapy (n = 1). Overall 5-year survival was 64%. Significant adverse prognostic factors included metastases at initial presentation (n = 9), metastases at any time during the course of disease (n = 23), age greater than 50 years (n = 42), incomplete or no resection (n = 13), and local recurrence (n = 24). Sex, grade, and tumor size were not prognostic factors. The 38 patients with osteosarcoma ranged in age from 11 to 78 years (median age, 42 years); the male/female ratio was 1.5:1. Presenting complaint was mass, pain, or both in 95%. Primary therapy included resection (n = 31; alone in 13, with radiation therapy in 3, with chemotherapy in 15), radiation therapy (n = 3), radiation therapy and chemotherapy (n = 2), chemotherapy (n = 1), or no treatment (n = 1). Overall 5-year survival was 15%. Significant adverse prognostic factors included presence of synchronous metastases (n = 13) and metastases at any time during the course of disease (n = 26).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Primary bony and cartilaginous sarcomas of chest wall: results of therapy. 163 9

Eighty-three MR studies for primary bone tumors, performed with both spin echo and short time inversion recovery (STIR) sequences, were reviewed. Twenty-six patients underwent surgery within 10 days after MR imaging. Specimens were cut and directly compared with MR images. In the remainder, pathologic slides were compared in order to obtain a better understanding of MR pattern. All MR images were examined with a traditional morphologic approach and, upon comparison with surgical macroslides and with pathology samples, some MR distinctive patterns were identified: the bulky appearance of osteosarcoma surrounded by muscle edema, the multilobular high signal intensity (SI) chondroid lesions, the subtle infiltration of Ewing's sarcoma, rarely accompanied by muscle edema and prone to MR underestimation, the well defined "multiple shells" pattern of giant cell tumor, and the ill defined "storiform" appearance of malignant fibrous histocytoma are all typical MR features strictly corresponding to pathologic findings. The chondroid origin tumors may be identified based on the lobular high SI pattern whereas a benign fibrous lesion was the only one in this series to be distinguished relying on the SI. Peritumoral soft tissue edema was found by the STIR sequence only in malignant tumors (69%) of this series, and particularly in osteosarcoma (96%), chondrosarcoma (83%), and giant cell tumor (100%): this associate finding may further contribute to the diagnosis.
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PMID:Primary bone tumors. MR morphologic appearance correlated with pathologic examinations. 165 May 69

During a period of 31 years, from January 1958 through 1988, a total of 449 operations had been performed on the in-patients whose blood type was recorded. There were 111 osteogenic sarcoma, 28 synovioma, 75 metastatic bone tumor, 172 giant cell tumor of bone, 14 fibrosarcoma, 28 chondrosarcoma, 11 Ewing's sarcoma, 10 chondrosarcoma, and 10 chordoma. The distribution of ABO blood type in these patients was processed statistically and compared with that of 268,794 normal blood donors registered in Shanghai, 1988. The analysis showed that people with blood type A were prone to develop synovioma and metastatic bone tumor but not osteogenic sarcoma. The authors tried to explain the above observation on basis of ABH blood type-substances and tried to make predictions by changes in trace elements in the bone tumor. Further implications on genetics and immunology is attempted.
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PMID:[Bone tumor and ABO blood type]. 166 98

Recent studies of Class II histocompatibility antigen expression in bone and soft tissue sarcomas have suggested that malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) may express HLA-DR, whereas histologically similar pleomorphic, epithelioid, and spindle cell malignant neoplasms generally do not. To test whether these observations are reproducible in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas, anti-HLA-DR antibodies LK8D3 and LN3 were applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of MFH, neurofibrosarcoma (NFS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), synovial sarcoma (SS), fibrosarcoma (FS), angiosarcoma (AS), Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), chondrosarcoma (ChS), "dedifferentiated" chondrosarcoma (DChS), osteosarcoma (OS), epithelioid sarcoma (ES), and clear cell sarcoma (CCS; malignant melanoma of soft parts). The only consistent difference in Class II antigen expression was seen in the group of neoplasms composed of large polygonal cells. Among the latter lesions, four of six clear cell sarcomas were labeled by LK8D3 or LN3, but none of 12 epithelioid sarcomas were reactive. Otherwise, a diversity of tumors in other morphologic categories expressed Class II antigens, with no clear diagnostic patterns. These results may be of use in the diagnostic separation of large cell epithelioid tumors of soft tissue, but neither LN3 nor LK8D3 appears to be helpful in the identification of other sarcomas.
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PMID:HLA-DR (Ia-like) reactivity in tumors of bone and soft tissue: an immunohistochemical comparison of monoclonal antibodies LN3 and LK8D3 in routinely processed specimens. 169 91

Scrofula has been called "The Dangerous Masquerader" because of its propensity to mimic other diseases. Scrofula has been mistaken for metastatic carcinoma, regional neoplasms, thyroglossal duct cysts, fungal disease, toxoplasmosis, lymphoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, bacterial adenitis, and collagen vascular disease. Because of the enormous number of infectious and neoplastic diseases acquired by the HIV positive population, the diagnosis of scrofula may be further delayed in some patients. In these patients the early diagnosis of scrofula might allow the early identification of HIV infection and the early institution of anti-retroviral therapy. The recommended duration of anti-tuberculosis therapy is also different in HIV positive patients. Therefore, to ensure the patient of the most beneficial therapy, the physician must always consider scrofula in the differential diagnosis of a neck mass, and particularly because of the increases incidence of intrapulmonary tuberculosis in AIDS patients, he must consider the possibility of HIV infection.
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PMID:The re-emergence of scrofula with HIV infection: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. 181 95

A relationship between blood plasma levels of polypeptide growth factors and those of peptide and sex steroid hormones, as assayed radioimmunologically, was studied in 91 patients with bone tumors of various histology and 45 healthy donors. The levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and somatotropic hormone were significantly higher in cases of chondrosarcoma and patients suffering osteogenic sarcoma in the late puberal period as compared to controls and cases of fibrous histiocytoma, giant-cell tumor, benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of the bone. The peak levels of IGF-1, somatotropic hormone and insulin were registered in osteogenic sarcoma patients who developed pulmonary metastases either in the course or after the completion of combined treatment. Somatostatin level was significantly lower in patients with osteogenic sarcoma aged 11-20 years as compared to healthy adolescents, the lowest level being observed in adolescents suffering osteogenic sarcoma with metastases to the lungs. No relationship was established between total testosterone level, on the one hand, and those of IGF-1 and epidermal growth factor, on the other. A reverse correlation was established between concentrations of IGF-1 and total estradiol. The role of polypeptide growth factor antagonists in combined treatment of bone sarcomas is discussed.
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PMID:[Polypeptide growth factors and their interrelation with hormones in the blood plasma of patients with primary bone tumors]. 184 44

Morphometric analysis of cartilaginous tumours was performed on 25 chondrosarcomas, 9 cases of enchondroma (ENCH), and 2 chondroblastic osteosarcomas (CBOS). The chondrosarcomas were classified into three grades of malignancy according to Evans' histological classification and were further divided into low and high grades of malignancy. Cellularity, nuclear area, binucleate cells and mitotic figures were examined using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens. The cellularity was significantly higher in high-grade chondrosarcoma (HGCS) than in low-grade chondrosarcoma (LGCS) (P less than 0.005). The nuclear area was larger in more malignant lesions. Significant differences in the nuclear area were found between ENCH and LGCS (P less than 0.005) and between LGCS and HGCS (P less than 0.01). Binucleate cells were found more frequently in LGCS than in ENCH (P less than 0.005). Although a few mitotic figures were found in HGCS, they were extremely rare in chondrosarcomas. Mitotic figures, however, were easily found in CBOS when compared with HGCS (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that nuclear area and binucleate cells are useful for differentiation between benign and malignant cartilaginous lesions and that easily detectable mitotic figures are a reliable marker for neoplastic cartilage in osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Histological grading and morphometric analysis of cartilaginous tumours. 189 57

Seventy patients who had a rotationplasty for treatment of a malignant tumor in the region of the knee (the femur or the tibia) between 1974 and 1987 were followed for two to thirteen years (mean duration of follow-up, four years). Forty-seven patients had a stage-IIB osteosarcoma; the remaining twenty-three patients had a malignant fibrous histiocytoma, a chondrosarcoma, a Ewing sarcoma, or a giant-cell tumor. The most severe postoperative complication was occlusion of the reanastomosed vessels (seven patients), leading to amputation proximal to the knee in three patients. Other complications were problems with wound-healing (eight patients), transient nerve palsy (five patients), irreversible nerve palsy (two patients), pseudarthrosis (four patients), and rotational malalignment (one patient). Late complications included eight fractures, two infections, two delayed unions, and one lymphatic fistula. More than half of the patients were free of complications related to the operative procedure. Forty-four of the patients who had a stage-IIB osteosarcoma could be followed, and their data were analyzed for survival statistics. These patients had a 58 percent rate of disease-free survival and a 70 per cent rate of over-all survival. One patient had a local recurrence five years after the operation.
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PMID:Rotationplasty for limb salvage in the treatment of malignant tumors at the knee. A follow-up study of seventy patients. 191 20

We report a rare case of Maffucci's syndrome combined with dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma in the right shoulder girdle developing from pre-existing enchondroma. In this case, magnetic resonance imaging was useful in diagnosing dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma before surgery. T2-weighted imaging was used to distinguish between the cartilaginous component and the dedifferentiated one. Histologically, there was enchondroma in the humerus and grade 2 chondrosarcoma in the scapula. Further, the dedifferentiated tumor had three mesenchymal elements: osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma. This histological heterogenicity may be due to mesodermal dysplasia of Maffucci's syndrome.
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PMID:Maffucci's syndrome combined with dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. 193 71

Between June 1985 and March 1990, 25 patients with primary malignant bone tumors, including 15 cases of osteogenic sarcoma, two cases of periosteal osteogenic sarcoma, six cases of chondrosarcoma, and two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, were treated with limb-salvage procedures. Fourteen patients underwent limb salvage operations with tumor prosthesis arthroplasty, 6 with resection-arthrodesis, 4 with wide resection, and 1 with autoclaved autograft. Pre- and/or post-operative chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy was combined with these limb salvage operations. The average follow-up period was 25.2 months (6 to 52 months) since diagnosis. The estimated 3.5-year survival rate of the total 25 patients was 39.5% based on the Kaplan-Meier survival plot. In the 15 cases of osteogenic sarcoma, the estimated Kaplan-Meier 34-month survival rate was 46.2%. Seventeen patients who were followed up for more than 1 year were grouped by functional grading: 11 (65%) were excellent; 3 (18%) good; 2 fair (12%); and 1 poor. Complications occurred in 4 patients, 1 had a local recurrence, 2 had superficial wound infections, and 1 a loosening of the femoral stem. Metastases were shown in 15 case, and the most common location was the lung.
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PMID:Limb-salvage operations in primary malignant tumors of the bone--interim report. 196 35


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