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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This account of 58 spontaneous tumors involving bone in domestic cats compares and contrasts the pathological findings with previous surveys. Of the tumors described, only one was diagnosed as benign. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common tumor of the series; osteosarcoma was the most common primary tumor. Only two tumors metastasized to the lungs (one hemangiosarcoma and one osteosarcoma), and only three metastasized to a regional node (two squamous cell carcinomas and one lymphosarcoma).
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PMID:Tumors involving bone in the domestic cat: a review of fifty-eight cases. 658 Jul 73

A salt-extractable low-molecular-weight fraction has been held responsible for the resistance of cartilage to invasion by malignant cells. To test this hypothesis, we have confronted in vitro fragments from bovine articular cartilage, from bovine nasal septum, from chick embryonic tibia, or from human knee meniscus with cells from the following malignant lines: LICR-HN-4 human squamous cell carcinoma; B16BL6 mouse melanoma; Hu-456 human transitional cell carcinoma; TE-85 and SAOS-2 human osteosarcoma; and MO4 mouse fibrosarcoma. Human embryo lung cells and chick embryonic heart cells were used as nonmalignant counterparts. Confronting cultures using living cartilage and cartilage extracted with 3 M guanidinium hydrochloride were examined light microscopically and ultrastructurally after 1 to 14 days. Neither invasion of malignant cells into the matrix of living or salt-extracted cartilage nor breakdown of collagen was observed in these cultures. In contrast, both malignant and nonmalignant cells occupied preexisting spaces in the matrix, namely, cut chondrocyte lacunae, cartilage canals, and fibrillation clefts. We concluded from these experiments that salt extraction did not alter the resistance of cartilage to invasion by malignant cells in vitro. This conclusion does not support the opinion that salt-extractable factors are solely responsible for the resistance of cartilage.
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PMID:Interaction of malignant cells with salt-extracted cartilage in vitro. 669 41

Recurrent penetrating midface cancer results from basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocystic carcinoma, and chondrogenic and osteogenic sarcoma. In the past, surgical resection frequently resulted in meningitis. A combined neurosurgical and plastic surgical craniofacial approach has been used for total resection of these lesions. The floor of the anterior cranial fossa has been reconstructed with an extended glabellar flap incorporating a forehead Z-plasty. Over the past 2-and-a-half years, 10 patients have been operated on successfully. Five cases with a follow-up of over 2 years are presented.
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PMID:A craniofacial approach to advanced recurrent cancer of the central face. 688

The first case of epidermoid carcinoma of the tongue found in a retinoblastoma survivors is described. The patient, 10-year-old girl, had been treated successfully for bilateral retinoblastoma 9 years earlier. According to the literature, second malignant epithelial tumours are, in contrast to mesenchymal tumours such as osteosarcoma, very rare in retinoblastoma survivors. Initially one eye of the patient was treated with irradiation using Stallard's disk (radioactive cobalt), but we consider that Stallard's disk was unconnected with the genesis of the carcinoma of the tongue.
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PMID:Epithelial second malignant tumours in retinoblastoma survivors. A review and report of a case. 713 24

Topoisomerase I (topo I) gene expression and cell sensitivity to camptothecin were investigated in seven human cancer cell lines not selected in vitro for drug resistance. The cell lines were of different tumor origin, and included two ovarian carcinomas (A2780 and IGROV-1), a cervix squamous cell carcinoma (A431), an osteosarcoma (U2-OS), a glioblastoma (GBM) and two different clones of a malignant melanoma (665/2/60 and 665/2/21). Topo I gene expression was evaluated by Northern blotting analysis and cell sensitivity to camptothecin was determined using the colony-forming assay after a 1 h exposure to the drug. A wide range of drug sensitivity levels was found among the examined cell lines. Cell doubling times and distribution in cell cycle phases were not correlated with camptothecin cytotoxicity. In particular, the percent of untreated cells in S phase was not predictive of the drug sensitivity. No correlation was found between level of topo I gene expression and cell response to camptothecin. These results indicate that the level of topo I expression is not the only critical determinant of cell sensitivity to camptothecin in unselected human cancer cell lines. Therefore, topo I gene expression may not be a useful predictive parameter of tumor response.
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PMID:Topoisomerase I gene expression and cell sensitivity to camptothecin in human cell lines of different tumor types. 788 2

The roles of three protein kinases, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A), protein kinase C, and beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK), implicated in agonist-induced desensitization of guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptors were explored in four different cell lines after 48 hr of incubation with oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to the mRNA encoding each kinase. Desensitization of beta 2-adrenergic receptors was analyzed in cell types in which the activities of the endogenous complement of protein kinases A and C and beta ARK were distinctly different. Protein kinase A was necessary for desensitization of rat osteosarcoma cells (ROS 17/2.8), whereas the contribution of beta ARK to desensitization was insignificant. In Chinese hamster ovary cells that stably express beta 2-adrenergic receptors and in smooth muscle cells (DDT1MF-2), oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to beta ARK mRNA nearly abolished desensitization, whereas oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to protein kinase A mRNA attenuated desensitization to a lesser extent. In human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A-431), oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to either protein kinase A mRNA or beta ARK mRNA attenuated agonist-induced desensitization, providing a third scenario in which two kinases constitute the basis for agonist-induced desensitization. In sharp contrast, oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to protein kinase C mRNA were found to enhance rather than attenuate desensitization in DDT1MF-2 and A-431 cell lines, demonstrating counterregulation between prominent protein kinases in desensitization. Using antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to "knock out" target protein kinases in vivo, we reveal distinctive cell-type-specific roles of protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and beta ARK in agonist-induced desensitization.
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PMID:Oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to mRNA encoding protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and beta-adrenergic receptor kinase reveal distinctive cell-type-specific roles in agonist-induced desensitization. 799 5

Malignant change in a benign eccrine spiradenoma is a rare but definite phenomenon. Since it was first reported by Dabska, 23 cases have been reported. All cases present recent changes in a long standing cutaneous nodule which, when excised and examined microscopically, disclosed carcinoma associated and arising from benign eccrine spiradenoma. Eight patients died of disseminated tumours. Histologic features, in three fatal cases, showed carcinosarcoma and particularly osteosarcoma in one case. A further fatal case of carcinosarcoma arising in spiradenoma, is reported in a Melanesian man aged 38, who died after 8 months. Histologic examination showed squamous cell carcinoma associated with osteosarcoma in the recurrence.
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PMID:[Carcinosarcoma arising in eccrine spiradenoma. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study]. 803 5

The pathologic records of 182 consecutive patients who had mandible resections were reviewed to determine the incidence of positive margins in the bone specimens and the risk factors associated with positive margins. Of the 182 cases reviewed, 82 (45%) were found to have involvement of the mandible at the time of resection and four (2%) were found to have positive margins. The predominant tumor histology was squamous cell carcinoma, 148 of 182 (81%), followed in frequency by osteosarcoma 12 of 182 (7%), salivary gland tumors 13 of 182 (7%), and miscellaneous other tumors (nine of 182 (5%). Of the four tumors with positive margins, two (50%) were squamous cell carcinomas, one (25%) was an osteosarcoma, and one (25%) was a salivary gland tumor. All four tumors were large tumors that had failed to respond to previous therapy. All obviously involved the mandible at the time of presentation. This study demonstrates that the incidence of bone margin involvement after mandibulectomy is rare and predictable and that clinical selection of candidates for immediate reconstruction is reliable in preventing inappropriate use of free bone flaps in patients at risk for positive bone margins.
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PMID:Immediate free flap mandibular reconstruction: significance of adequate surgical margins. 838 80

This paper demonstrates that epidermal cells in culture produce an activity which can increase the frequency of Ia+ epidermal Langerhans cells (LC). This was achieved by treating mice topically with a mixture containing supernatant derived from primary culture of murine epidermis (ES) and a synthetic corticosteroid, triamcinolone acetonide (TAC). The presence of the supernatant in the mixture partially protected the Ia+ LC from depletion by the steroid. The Ia+ LC frequency increasing activity was measured as the difference between the Ia+ LC frequency due to treatment with steroid mixed with supernatant and the Ia+ LC frequency due to treatment with steroid mixed with negative control medium. The mean frequency of Ia+ LC in epidermis treated with TAC mixed with ES was 606(SD 43) cells/mm2, as compared with 486 (SD 68) cells/mm2 in the epidermis treated with TAC mixed with control medium. The activity appeared to be caused by (a) proteinaceous factor(s). A fraction of ES which was retained above a > or = 10 KDa molecular weight cut-off membrane was capable of partially protecting Ia+ LC frequency from TAC depletion. Supernatants from cultured lymph nodes, dermis as well as the squamous cell carcinoma lines T7 and T79, but not the human osteosarcoma cell-line 143B, also contained similar activities. We demonstrate that GM-CSF also increased the number of Ia+ epidermal LC when applied topically to mouse skin in this system. Therefore, using this Ia+ LC frequency modulation system, we propose that GM-CSF is one example of a cytokine which may be involved in the regulation of Ia+ LC numbers in epidermis and that epidermal cells produce factors which can increase the number of Ia+ LC.
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PMID:Modulation of Ia+ Langerhans cell numbers in vivo by cultured epidermis derived supernatants and by GM-CSF. 862 9

Although the vast majority of eccrine spiradenomas behave in a benign fashion, 23 cases of malignant transformation have been reported to date. We describe a unique example of malignant eccrine spiradenoma that arose in the right breast of a 68-year-old woman. The quiescent mass, which was present for approximately 50 years, experienced sudden enlargement with erythematous changes of the overlying skin and nipple discharge. Microscopically, the tumor showed the typical features of an eccrine spiradenoma with areas of adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and sarcoma. The sarcomatous component consisted of rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma. The immunoperoxidase staining revealed p53 protein expression only in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. This suggests that accumulation of p53 protein may be an important event in the malignant transformation of spiradenomas. Because of its location and biphasic nature, this malignant eccrine spiradenoma should be distinguished from metaplastic breast carcinoma. To our knowledge, this represents the first carcinosarcomatous transformation of eccrine spiradenoma in the breast. This case led us to conclude that breast tissue, which often undergoes apocrine metaplasia and gives rise to apocrine neoplasms, is also capable of originating benign and malignant tumors with eccrine sweat duct phenotype.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma arising in eccrine spiradenoma of the breast. Report of a case and review of the literature. 863 57


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