Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was shown to bind specifically to human osteosarcoma cells (HOS), and human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A-431 cells). Crosslinking studies with DTSSP demonstrated high molecular weight complexes (130,000) between 125I-t-PA and cell membrane protein on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), HOS, and A-431 cells. A 48-65,000 molecular weight complex was demonstrated after crosslinking t-PA peptide (res. 7-20) to cells. Ligand blotting of cell lysates which had been passed over a t-PA affinity column revealed binding of t-PA to 54,000 and 95,000 molecular weight proteins. Several t-PA binding proteins were identified in immunopurified cell lysates, including tubulin beta chain, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and single chain urokinase.
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PMID:Characterization of tissue plasminogen activator binding proteins isolated from endothelial cells and other cell types. 212 40

Spontaneous tumors in dogs and cats are appropriate and valid model tumor systems available for testing cancer therapeutic agents or studying cancer biology. The pet population is a vastly underutilized resource of animals available for study. Dogs and cats develop spontaneous tumors with histopathologic and biologic behavior similar to tumors that occur in humans. The tumors with potential relevance for human cancer biology include osteosarcoma, mammary carcinoma, oral melanoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, nasal tumors, lung carcinoma, soft tissue sarcomas, and malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Canine osteosarcoma is a malignant aggressive bone tumor with a 90% metastasis rate after surgical amputation. Its predictable metastatic rate and pattern and its relative resistance to chemotherapy make this tumor particularly attractive for studying anti-metastasis approaches. Canine and feline malignant mammary tumors are fairly common in middle-aged animals and have a metastatic pattern similar to that in women; that is, primarily to regional lymph nodes and lungs. Chemotherapy has been minimally effective, and these tumors may be better models for testing biological response modifiers. Oral tumors, especially melanomas, are the most common canine malignant tumor in the oral cavity. Metastasis is frequent, and the response to chemotherapy and radiation has been disappointing. This tumor can be treated with anti-metastatic approaches or biological response modifiers. Squamous cell carcinomas, especially in the gum, are excellent models for radiation therapy studies. Nasal carcinomas are commonly treated with radiation therapy. They tend to metastasize slowly, but have a high local recurrence rate. This tumor is suitable for studying radiation therapy approaches. Primary lung tumors and soft tissue sarcomas are excellent models for studying combined modality therapy such as surgery with chemotherapy or biological response modifiers. Finally, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a common neoplastic process seen in the dog. These tumors respond to combination chemotherapy and have great potential as a model for newer chemotherapeutic agents and biological response modifiers. This paper will further elaborate on the relative merits of each tumor type as a model for human cancer therapy and biology.
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PMID:Spontaneous tumors in dogs and cats: models for the study of cancer biology and treatment. 225 12

Reconstruction of mandibular defects following severe trauma or resection for malignancy presents a challenge. The mandibular shape and the close relationship of the bone to intra- and extra-oral soft tissues, make surgical procedures difficult. Reconstruction has to correct the bony and soft tissue defects, preserve mandibular functions (mastication, speech and swallowing), and allow the patient to wear dentures and to present an esthetic appearance. Techniques used for mandibular reconstruction have included implants of synthetic materials or rebuilding with autogenous bone grafts, and require a well-vascularized recipient bed. We used the free osteocutaneous scapular and iliac flap techniques, which avoid the disadvantages of local flaps and grafts. They were used in 3 patients after mandibular resection for fibrous dysplasia, osteosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa invading the mandible, respectively.
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PMID:[One-stage flap reconstruction of mandibular defects]. 238 57

A case of true carcinosarcoma primarily arising in the right maxillary sinus is reported in a 60-year-old male. His chief complaints were right nasal obstruction and bleeding. Histological findings of the biopsied primary tumor revealed two components of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma which were intricately intermingled. Despite intensive irradiation and chemotherapy, and total maxillectomy, he finally died of rapid tumor recurrence and widely spreading metastases to lungs, pleurae and brain two months later. At autopsy the recurrent and metastatic tumors consisted entirely of the osteosarcoma component, suggesting the efficiency of the radiotherapy and chemotherapy against the carcinomatous component, but not against the sarcomatous one. As for histogenesis, this case was compatible with a combination tumor judging from histologic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings.
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PMID:True carcinosarcoma of the maxillary sinus. 248 Dec 98

Conditioned medium (CM) from two squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, SCC-9 and SCC-13, stimulated bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvariae in organ culture. Enhanced bone resorption induced by CM was associated with an increased production of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) by the calvariae. Complete inhibition of stimulated PGE2 synthesis by indomethacin only partially inhibited bone resorption-stimulating activity (BRSA) in the CM. Neither SCC-9 nor SCC-13 CM stimulated cAMP production in rat osteosarcoma cells (ROS 17/2.8). The BRSA in CM was completely inhibited by an antibody to interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha). Fractionation of SCC-9 CM by gel filtration and HPLC ion exchange chromatography revealed a single peak of BRSA and PGE2 synthesis-stimulating activity at 17-20K (termed SCMII). In mouse calvariae, SCMII increased medium Ca2+ and PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations from 20 ng protein/ml to a maximum of 500 ng protein/ml. Preincubation of SCMII with antibody to IL-1 alpha completely inhibited SCMII-induced bone resorption. SCMII also enhanced thymocyte proliferation with activity that was equivalent to 353 U/ml IL-1. Antibodies to IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor had no effect on SCMII-induced bone resorption. Using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha was measured in high concentrations in both crude and partially purified fractions of SCC-9 and SCC-13 CM. In contrast, IL-1 beta was either undetectable or present in amounts below those that stimulate bone resorption. In addition, SCMII did not enhance cAMP production in bone cells. We conclude that the BRSA produced by the two squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC-9 and SCC-13 is IL-1 alpha.
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PMID:Two squamous cell carcinomas not associated with humoral hypercalcemia produce a potent bone resorption-stimulating factor which is interleukin-1 alpha. 254 47

The present status of the treatment with fast neutrons performed in Asian countries is reviewed and the experiences with respect to the radiobiological indications are presentated and discussed. There are three facilities under operation, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Chiba, the Institute of Medical Science (IMS) in Tokyo and the Korea Cancer Center Hospital (KCCH) in Seoul. The clinical experiences can be summarized as follows: Fast neutrons are the treatment of choice for carcinoma of the salivary gland, Pancoast tumor of the lung, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma and malignant melanoma. Provided the isodose planning can be improved, it seems that also squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and esophagus, adenocarcinoma of the lung, stage I and prostatic adenocarcinoma can be benefit from neutron therapy. The same holds for malignant meningioma, while the benefit for glioblastoma multiforme has not yet been confirmed. Studies are going on for the treatment of other cancers and for evaluating the possible role of neutron therapy in combination with surgery.
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PMID:Present status of fast neutron therapy in Asian countries. 265 57

Twenty-four patients with malignant tumors of the external auditory canal and middle ear, originally seen between 1960 and 1980, were reviewed retrospectively. Seventeen patients had epidermoid carcinoma, one had adenocarcinoma, three had rhabdomyosarcoma, and one had osteosarcoma. At presentation, four had disease confined to the external auditory canal, three had superficial invasion of the bony canal, four had deeply invasive disease, and thirteen had disease that extended beyond the temporal bone. Treatment consisted of radiation, surgery, and combination therapy. Four patients with osteosarcoma or rhabdomyosarcoma received adjuvant chemotherapy. Five years after therapy, one of four patients with external auditory canal tumor died of disease, and two died of intercurrent disorders. One of three patients with superficial temporal bone invasion and two of four patients with deeply invasive tumor died of their disease; another died of intercurrent disorder. Twelve of 13 patients with tumor beyond the temporal bone died.
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PMID:Malignant tumors of the middle ear and external auditory canal: a 20-year review. 282 5

Using 31P-MR spectroscopy spectra with good signal-to-noise ratio were obtained in five different types of tumours (Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, malignant melanoma, metastases from a squamous cell carcinoma, parotid adenoma). Surface coils were used. Short- and long-term follow-up after chemotherapy was possible in some cases. In the short-term follow-up, changes in the phosphocreatine and inorganic phosphate resonances could be observed within minutes after the start of the infusion. In the longer follow-ups, changes in phosphodiester and phosphomonoester resonances were observed within two days. There were no significant changes in tissue pH during treatment, but increased pH values were observed in all tumours.
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PMID:[In vivo 31 phosphorus spectroscopy of tumors: pre-, intra- and post-therapy]. 284 3

A 65-year-old previously healthy housewife, gravida 3, para 3, was first diagnosed as Stage Ib carcinoma of the uterine cervix (poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma) and admitted. The external radiation of 5400 rad by telecobalt source was performed. No intracavitary radiation was added. After about 7 1/2 years the patient noticed a tumor of fist size on her buttocks, but she did not present in our clinic regularly. Because of enlarging tumor and general malaise she was readmitted a year later. On the fifth hospital day she died with ileus. Autopsy revealed osteosarcoma of buttocks in the radiation field, stomach cancer (tubular adenocarcinoma) with perforated peritonitis, and invasive mole of the uterine corpus. The patient's last pregnancy terminated as a full-term delivery at 26 years of age and she was 43 years at her menopause. The dormant period of invasive mole was 47 years after her last pregnancy, 30 years after her menopause, and at least 8 years after pelvic radiation.
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PMID:Long-dormant invasive mole associated with multiple malignancies. 299 95

Malignant neoplasms known to develop following external beam radiation include squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, mixed mullerian tumors, malignant schwannoma, myelogenous leukemia and angiosarcoma. Latency periods of many years characterize the onset of these tumors following the exposure. Cutaneous angiosarcoma following radiotherapy for breast carcinoma has been rarely documented, occurring up to 13 years postirradiation. Two cases of this entity are reported occurring 37 months postradiotherapy at the site of mastectomy performed for mammary duct carcinoma.
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PMID:The rapid onset of cutaneous angiosarcoma after radiotherapy for breast carcinoma. 300 75


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