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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence, latency, and morphologic types of neoplasms induced in hamsters of the three inbred strains LSH/SsLak, LHC/Lak, and MHA/SsLak, inocuated iv at 3 weeks of age with 10(7.5) median tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of simian virus 40 (SV40). were determined and compared with those of the outbred stock LVG/Lak. Although the incidence and latency were approximately the same in hamsters of the three inbred strains, hamsters of the outbred stock exhibited almost complete resistance to tumor induction under identical experimental conditions. The morphologic types of neoplasms, i.e., lymphocytic leukemia, reticulum cell sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and anaplastic sarcoma, induced in inbred hamsters were similar to those induced in outbred hamsters inoculated iv with 10(8.5) TCID50 SV40. The lymphocytic leukemias that developed in the 2 LSH/SsLak inbred hamsters were established as tumor transplants in vivo and as permanent cell lines in vitro.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Feb
PMID:Incidence, latency, and morphologic types of neoplasms induced by simian virus 40 inoculated intravenously into hamsters of three inbred strains and one outbred stock. 20 20

Osteosarcoma of bone is a recognizable entity if the histopathologist designates tumors as such when their malignatn cells produce osteoid substance even if only in small foci. Such definition distinguishes this lesion from other sarcomas that arise in bone, especially chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. There is a general tendency to consider that osteosarcomas represent a stereotyped form of disease for which new modalities of treatment can be applied and assessed. The question of whether a given osseous lesion is actually malignant and not a benign neoplasm or even a reactive non-neoplastic condition simulating a malignant tumor may be difficult for the histopathologist. Pathologists without considerable experience in the diagnosis of bone tumors find this question especially vexing. The establishment of a valid diagnosis of osteosarcoma introduces the additional problem that the 11 varieties considered in this paper may pose significant recognizable variations in the clinical capability of the disease. It is apparent that the physician must recognize the known clinicopathologic and prognostic factors of these subtypes in his assessment of the overall problem.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma of bone and its important recognizable varieties. 20 2

Plasminogen activator is produced by hamster cells transformed by human herpesviruses. These cell lines have previously been shown to be oncogenic when injected s.c. into newborn syngeneic hamsters. Lysis of fibrin overlays by these cell lines was plasminogen dependent. Normal hamster embryo fibroblasts and a hamster cell line transformed by PARA-7 (an adenovirus-SV 40 hybrid) failed to produced lysis. In separate experiments fibrin overlay of lytically infected secondary rabbit kidney cells did not show induction of this activity during the normal course of productive infection. The human cell line TE-85 clone F-5, a clonal cell line from a human osteogenic sarcoma, failed to produce plasminogen activator, but two separate clones of these cells that were morphologically transformed after exposure to UV-inactivated herpes simplex virus type 2 produced rapid lysis of the fibrin overlay. Clonal variation was observed in herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2-transformed hamster lines and is under investigation. It is suggested that plasminogen activator detection may serve as a convenient assay system for transformation of normal cells by herpesviruses.
Cancer Res 1978 Apr
PMID:Production of plasminogen activator by cells transformed by herpesviruses. 20 45

A 19-year-old woman with a diagnosis of osteosarcoma was initially treated with amputation of her right leg and adjuvant adriamycin. She developed pulmonary metastases 18 months following diagnosis. She was then given cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) at a dose of 100 mg/m2 iv approximately every 4 weeks as the sole drug. Following the fifth dose of DDP, she complained of numbness and tingling in her hands and leg. A distal sensory loss extending to both elbows and her remaining knee was found on examination. Nerve conduction tests were compatible with peripheral neuropathy of the "glove and stocking" type. DDP was withheld and her sensory loss improved over the next 2 months, but became worse after another course of DDP was administered. The temporal relationship between the findings and the administration of DDP implicates this drug as the causative agent in the peripheral neuropathy.
Cancer Treat Rep 1978 May
PMID:Peripheral neuropathy as a complication of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) treatment: a case report. 20 27

BK virus (BKV), a human papovavirus, was inoculated iv into 3-week-old Syrian golden hamsters. Between 2 1/2 and 9 months after inoculation, 82% of the animals developed tumors. The induced neoplasms were ependymoma, carcinoma of the pancreatic islets, osteosarcoma, adenocarcinoma, angiosarcoma, angioma, lymphoma, and seminoma. Hypersecretion of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, and calcitonin was detected in tumors of pancreatic islets. BKV etiology of tumors was supported by the following evidence: 1) No tumors with BKV-specific markers appeared in animals given injections of buffer, animals inoculated with BKV neutralized by anti-BKV-specific serum, or uninoculated controls; 2) BKV tumor (T) antigen was detected by immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests in tumors of animals inoculated with infectious BKV and in transplanted tumors; 3) antibodies to BKV T-antigen were detected in sera of animals bearing primary or transplanted tumors; 4) BKV could be activated by Sendai virus-mediated fusion of neoplastic cells with susceptible Vero cells; and 5) no endogenous hamster oncornaviruses were found in tumors.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Sep
PMID:Ependymomas, malignant tumors of pancreatic islets, and osteosarcomas induced in hamsters by BK virus, a human papovavirus. 21 Dec 43

A family is described in which four children developed cancer affecting different organs:lymphoma, meningeal sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and adenocarcinoma of the cecum. Since there was only one other case of cancer in previous generations of this family, an hypothesis is put forth to explain this unusual aggregation on the basis of recombination of common genes. It is postulated that each parent carried a different combination of genes which, though not associated with increased cancer predisposition in the combinations in which they were present in the parents, due to independent assortment resulted in a combination producing cancer susceptibility in half of the offspring. Such genetic loci could include factors similar to an oncogene which is normally held in control by genes at another locus; thus the dominant oncogene without the dominant controlling genes would make for cancer susceptibility, while the controlling genes without the oncogene would be associated with cancer resistance since two mutations would then be required for malignant development. To explain the occurrence of lymphoma in one of the children in this family, a third set of genes is included in this model--genes affecting immunocompetence, in which the normal allele is dominant. This three locus model has the advantage of being able to explain not only the occasional cancer family, but also the distribution of cancer susceptibility and resistance in the general population.
Cancer 1979 Feb
PMID:Genetic mechanisms in cancer predisposition: report of a cancer family. 21 26

Cancer chemotherapy was purely palliative until the early sixties. Tumor cures have been since obtained, first in malignant trophoblastoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, and more recently in Hodgkin's disease, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia in children, Wilms's tumor and osteosarcoma. Preliminary data are suggestive of tumor cures in testicular teratomas and, possibly, in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Five patients with trophoblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, melanoma, chronic myelocytic leukemia and anaplastic carcinoma of the lung are briefly presented, all without evidence of tumor relapse 3 years or more after chemotherapy. Theoretical bases for improvement of the curative effect of cancer chemotherapy are discussed, including the development of new agents, and new pharmacological problems concerning drug interactions, complexes of drugs with macromolecules or immunoglobulins and liposomes are considered.
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PMID:[Curability of malignant neoplasms: value and limitations of chemotherapy]. 21 68

Transplanted syngeneic osteosarcomas (induced by 32P in DA rats) grew significantly larger in DA rats receiving a simultaneous transplant of allogeneic osteosarcoma than in rats receiving syngeneic tumour only (P less than 0-01). Two other malignant allogeneic tumours, and allogeneic spleen cells, did not alter the growth of the transplanted syngeneic osteosarcomas. When the allogeneic osteosarcoma was given 7 days before the syngeneic tumour, the reverse effect (retardation) occurred. When given 7 days after the syngeneic tumour cells, the effect on both syngeneic and allogeneic tumour growth was variable. Some possible reasons for these findings are discussed, and the argument is presented that immunological phenonema are involved in the reaction.
Br J Cancer 1977 Jan
PMID:Enhanced osteosarcoma growth produced in rats by osteosarcoma allografts. 26 82

Undiluted, fivefold-diluted, and 25-fold-diluted doses of a stock of Moloney murine sarcoma virus were injected directly, in a volume of 0.025 ml, into the backs of fetal Sprague-Dawley rats by laparotomy through the uterine wall at 18 days of gestation. During the first 8 weeks after birth the young responded to the virus with remarkably high but dose-dependent incidences of neoplasms. When a one-fifth dilution of the virus preparation was inoculated at fetal ages 16, 18, and 20 days, the incidences of lesions decreased with advancing fetal age. The tumors developed preferentially at the virus inoculation site and/or in the proximal parts of the extremeties; all were considered to be of mesenchymal derivation, i.e., malignant mesenchymoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma or fibromyxosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, plasmacytoma, and a giant cell tumor. This injection procedure provided us with a valuable experimental tool for the rapid screening or testing of potential chemical carcinogens and other biologic studies.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Jan
PMID:Enhancement of tumor induction in rats with Moloney murine sarcoma virus by a "new" method based on direct injection into fetuses. 26 91

An 11-year-old Caucasian girl who had been cured of bilateral retinoblastoma developed non-radiation-induced osteosarcoma in multiple sites of the extremities. Investigation of the medical histories of 36 of her family members through six generations revealed that 8 relatives on the maternal side (22%) had malignant tumors, predominately genitourinary carcinomas, 2(6%) had benign tumors only, and 2(6%) had both benign and malignant neoplasms. The histologic variety of these tumors, the predominance of genitourinary carcinoma, the higher than expected frequency of tumor appearance over six generations, and the occurrence of malignant tumors in direct lineage suggest that the case of retinoblastoma followed by osteosarcoma is part of a familial cancer syndrome.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Feb
PMID:A new familial cancer syndrome? A spectrum of malignant and benign tumors including retinoblastoma, carcinoma of the bladder and other genitourinary tumors, thyroid adenoma, and a probable case of multifocal osteosarcoma. 26 92


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