Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of pituitary apoplexy were detected in the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery with extracorporeal bypass. Both patients had pituitary adenomas that were asymptomatic and previously undiagnosed. One patient, a 57-year-old man, had unilateral total ophthalmoplegia and blepharoptosis with sparing of the visual system. The second patient, a 55-year-old man, had headache, marked bilateral visual loss, and ophthalmoplegia with subsequent development of a hemiparesis. Pituitary apoplexy was confirmed pathologically in both cases. Hemodynamic instability during and immediately after surgery and anticoagulation are probable precipitating factors.
Am J Ophthalmol 1984 Sep 15
PMID:Pituitary apoplexy associated with cardiac surgery. 633 39

We describe a patient with an isolated mesencephalic dorsal tegmental infarct affecting the oculomotor nuclear complex and medial longitudinal fasciculus, documented by high-resolution computed tomography, after undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary artery angioplasty. Clinically, the patient exhibited bilateral ptosis, bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia, transient convergence retractory nystagmus, and minimal somnolence. We believe the combined clinical and radiological findings favor the presence of a caudal, dorsal, and paramedian embolic infarct in the territory of the paramedian branches of the mesencephalic artery as the most likely mechanism for these exceptional findings and correlate them with Warwick's scheme of the oculomotor subnuclei.
Arch Neurol 1984 Sep
PMID:Oculomotor nuclear complex infarction. Clinical and radiological correlation. 647 33

Carotid artery-cavernous sinus fistula is a lesion most often associated with massive head trauma. The maxillofacial surgeon must be able to diagnose this major complication of head trauma, use proper diagnostic techniques, and initiate appropriate therapeutic regimens. The symptoms of pulsatile headache, bruit, and visual change accompany the physical findings of bruit, conjunctival engorgement, chemosis, proptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. A number of procedures have been devised to correct this difficult lesion, ranging from cervical ligation to balloon occlusion. Two cases of carotid artery-cavernous sinus fistula are reported in detail, documenting clinical findings, treatment, and long-term sequelae. Although surgical treatment is not within the scope of this specialty, the otolaryngologist must understand the vascular dynamics and surgical procedures related to this traumatic lesion.
Arch Otolaryngol 1984 Sep
PMID:Carotid artery-cavernous sinus fistula. 647 84

Two patients presented with unilateral peri-orbital pain, proptosis, chemosis and external ophthalmoplegia. They were shown to have dural arteriovenous fistulae related to the cavernous sinus. Intracerebral haemorrhage occurred in both patients within 18 months of presentation; this gave rise to focal seizures and signs of unilateral hemisphere dysfunction. The haematomas were in the region drained by the superficial middle cerebral vein ipsilateral to the shunt and are presumed to have been the result of locally raised venous pressure.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984 Sep
PMID:Intracerebral haemorrhage complicating dural arteriovenous fistula: a report of two cases. 648 84

Five patients with "locked-in" syndrome and dysconjugate palsy of horizontal gaze were studied. In all cases internuclear ophthalmoplegia due to dysfunction or destruction of the median longitudinal fasciculus was combined with an ipsilateral gaze palsy, producing the "one-and-a-half" syndrome. Clinical and electro-oculographic examination suggested involvement of the paramedian pontine reticular formation when all ipsilateral saccades were abolished, when exotropia of the contralateral eye was present, and when vestibular stimulation showed full conjugate deviation to the damaged side. Involvement of the abducens nucleus was suggested when the palsy of ipsilateral gaze was not dissociated on vestibular stimulation. In three cases these clinical deductions were confirmed by the pathological study, which showed a corresponding destruction of the median longitudinal fasciculus, paramedian pontine reticular formation and abducens nucleus. In one case the one-and-a-half syndrome evolved into a total horizontal gaze palsy, which corresponded to involvement of the abducens nucleus contralateral to the initially destroyed paramedian pontine reticular formation. Vertical oculocephalic response disappeared, because of destruction of the median longitudinal fasciculus on both sides (bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia). Patients with the locked-in syndrome provide a unique situation in which complex pontine oculomotor disturbances may be studied, because consciousness is preserved. In these patients, dissociated and dysconjugate oculomotor palsy may have been underestimated.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984 Sep
PMID:One-and-a-half syndrome in ischaemic locked-in state: a clinico-pathological study. 648 86

A 30-year-old male drug abuser developed ophthalmoplegia, bulbar paralysis, and limb weakness responsive to edrophonium. However, potentiation of a low-amplitude evoked muscle action potential was produced with repetitive nerve stimulation at 10 Hz, and the clinical and electrophysiological data suggested the diagnosis of botulism. The source of botulism type B toxin was a clinically obscure cyst produced by subcutaneous infiltration of cocaine two weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. The patient improved with chronic administration of pyridostigmine bromide and plasmapheresis. Wound botulism may be underdiagnosed because of confusion with inflammatory neuropathy or myasthenia gravis. Neuromuscular transmission studies in patients with acute craniosomatic paralysis can prevent such oversights.
Ann Neurol 1984 Sep
PMID:Descending paralysis resulting from occult wound botulism. 648 40

The authors report the muscular and humoral immunological abnormalities found in a family with progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) of the "pure" form. Serum circulating immune complexes as determined by the polyethylen glycol (PEG) test and double radial immunodiffusion (DRID) were positive for IgG in both cases studied and for IgM and Clq for the propositus. In the latter circulating auto-antibodies against smooth muscle were also present. Immunohistochemical studies on striated muscle of the propositus showed positive perivascular IgG and IgM staining and IgG in the sarcolemma basement membrane complex. It is suggested that in this family a genetically inherited abnormal immune response to the muscular blood vessel wall has induced vascular injury and ultimately chronic ischemic muscular damage. This is consistent with the view that PEO is a clinical syndrome, i.e. the expression of various defects affecting primarily or secondarily the energy metabolism of the muscular tissue.
J Neurol Sci 1983 Sep
PMID:Immunological abnormalities in a family with progressive external ophthalmoplegia. 663 48

Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is classified into aseptic and septic types on the basis of its pathognosis. Aspetic CST includes the primary and secondary types, in which the former is an unknown etiology. We have recently experienced a rare case of aseptic primary CST which showed initially the intraorbital congestive symptoms. This 64 years male admitted to our clinic with the complaints of non-pulsatile exophthalmosis and conjunctival congestion of left eye. On admission, he showed mild external ophthalmoplegia and clinical evidence of intraorbital congestion (choked disc, retinal vein thrombosis, retinal hemorrhage) on the left side. The blood examination, including the thyroid studies, revealed no abnormal findings except for mild anemia and increased ESR. In carotid angiography, there was occlusion of Sylvian vein and cavernous sinus in the affected side. Orbital venography and retrograde jugular venography demonstrated the occlusion of superior ophthalmic vein, cavernous sinus and inferior petreous sinus in left side. CT scan revealed parasellar enhanced area in the normal pattern. Enhanced orbital CT scan revealed the hypertrophy of left external occular muscles and optic nerve with a tomogram of the dilatated superior ophthalmic vein. Aseptic primary CST was diagnosed on the basis of clinical course, cavernous sinography and CT findings.
No To Shinkei 1983 Sep
PMID:[Case of aseptic primary cavernous sinus thrombosis]. 665 90

Four tarsorrhaphy sutures are placed through the lower eyelid and brow following ptosis surgery in a system designed for patients with external ophthalmoplegia, third nerve paralysis, and myashenia gravis. Three of the sutures connect the lower eyelid to the forehead, and the fourth suture is passed through the lower eyelid and taped to the cheek. The three lid-brow sutures are released during the first two postoperative weeks, one by one, and topical ointment instillations are gradually tapered. The tarsorrhaphy system allows the cornea to adapt gradually to the lagophthalmos that follows ptosis surgery. It also keeps the eyelids partially closed during the first two postoperative weeks in patients with frontalis sling surgery who have marked difficulty lowering their eyebrow and closing their eyelids because of early postoperative forehead edema and pain. The tarsorrhaphy system has prevented serious keratopathy in six patients with ptosis associated with abnormal ocular motility and in one patient with lagophthalmos following trauma. It also allowed the six ptosis patients to have full, rather than partial, correction of their ptosis.
Ophthalmic Surg 1980 Sep
PMID:Suture tarsorrhaphy system to control keratopathy after ptosis surgery. 699 12

The case of a man 34 year-old presenting upward gaze paralyses and external ophthalmoplegia without involvement of the downward gaze, accompanied by cerebellar disorders, generalized areflexia but no muscular weakness, and moderate sensory impairment of the four extremities is reported. The cerebrospinal fluid showed an albuminocytologic dissociation. Recovery was rapid and almost complete, within 3 weeks, remaining minimal paresis of the upward gaze and lateral movement in both eyes. The improvement had been coinciding with the treatment by cortrosina.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1982 Sep
PMID:[Miller Fisher syndrome. Report of a case]. 715 57


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