Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Head movement-dependent oscillopsia (HMDO) with peripheral vestibular, brainstem and cerebellar lesions is reviewed. The differentiation of this kind of oscillopsia is based mainly on clinical grounds. HMDO with bilateral abolition of caloric responses, and in the absence of disease of the central nervous system, is due to bilateral vestibular disease. HMDO in patients with internuclear ophthalmoplegia and other brainstem signs is probably due to a lesion of VOR pathways in or near the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The occurrence of HMDO with ataxia of gait and cerebellar eye movement disorders (rebound nystagmus, flutter-like oscillations), in the absence of brainstem lesions (medial longitudinal fasciculus), is clinical evidence for HMDO due to a cerebellar lesion. An attempt is made to associate the different kinds of oscillopsia with current knowledge of the vestibulo-ocular reflexes.
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PMID:Clinical and theoretical aspects of head movement dependent oscillopsia (HMDO). A review. 8 58

The variety of drug induced patterns of pathological eye movements is reviewed with emphasis on hydantoins, barbiturates, carbamazepine, benzodiazepines, amitriptyline and alcohol. These different substances may be analogous or distinct in their site of action within the labyrinths, brain stem and cerebellum. Ocular oscillations are described in correlation to drug uptake or serum levels such as positional, downbeat, gaze evoked, periodic alternating nystagmus as well as saccadic pursuit, slowing down of saccades, alteration of VOR gain or suppression by fixation, internuclear and complete ophthalmoplegia. Most of the ocular motor disturbances are possibly due to a pharmacologically induced transient dysfunction of the vestibulo-cerebellar flocculus loop.
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PMID:[Pharmacologically-caused eye movement disorders--differential diagnosis and mechanisms of action]. 660 6