Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four term infants were found by computerized cerebral tomography (CT) to have intraventricular hemorrhage. All were male infants who had experienced substantial intrapartum complications. One infant had subtle clinical signs at 2 days of age; the others had major neurologic findings including seizures and ophthalmoplegia that occurred at 1, 4, and 6 weeks of age, respectively. Three infants in whom the hemorrhages were indistinguishable by CT from those described in preterm infants now have arrested hydrocephalus and normal development. The fourth infant was found to have a large glioblastoma at the site of origin of his initial hemorrhage. These cases emphasize the need to consider this diagnosis in neonates born at term who have abnormal neurologic signs.
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PMID:Intraventricular hemorrhage in the neonate born at term. 47 46

The most common causes of internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) are multiple sclerosis and vascular disease of the brain stem. Rarer causes are tumor, Arnold-Chiari malformation, and syphilis. Myasthenia gravis has, on occasion, presented with ocular abnormalities indistinguishable from INO. A case is described of bilateral INO of brief duration following head trauma. There were no other brain-stem abnormalities. This brings to 11 the number of reported patients in whom head trauma precipitated this abnormality.
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PMID:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia following head injury. Case report. 47 39

Frequency of pigmentary degeneration of the retina (PDR) among patients with degenerative and heredodegenerative neurological diseases (HDNDs) was estimated based on the hospital statistics. PDR was detected in 3% of 176 inpatients with HDNDs by careful ophthalmologic examination. On the other hand, out of 30 consecutive cases of PDR seen in our Department of Neurology, 15 patients were associated with some form of HDNDs. Atypical PDR were more frequently associated with HDNDs than typical PDR. Among neurological manifestations in those 15 cases of PDR associated with HDNDs, mental deficiency, hearing disturbance, spasticity, progressive ophthalmoplegia and ataxia were most frequently encountered. Four cases with unusual symptomatology were presented. Clinical analysis of cases of PDR associated with HDNDs in the present series as well as in the relevant literature revealed an extreme variety of clinical manifestations and underlying metabolic disorders, suggesting a possible participation of multiple factors in the pathogenesis of PDR. Importance of careful ophthalmologic examination in HDNDs was stressed from the prognostic point of view.
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PMID:Pigmentary degeneration of the retina in heredodegenerative neurological diseases. 48 6

A 70-year-old man with known vascular disease, who had bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and an 18-month-old girl with a long-term variable esotropia culminating in a postinfectious oculopharyngeal neuropathy both responded with a positive edrophonium chloride (Tensilon) test, strongly suggesting the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. Both subsequently received maintenance doses of neostigmine methylsulfate (Prostigmin).
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PMID:Ocular myasthenia gravis mimicking pseudointernuclear ophthalmoplegia and variable esotropia. 48 61

Ophthalmoplegia is rarely observed in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We describe a patient with ALS in whom ophthalmoplegia, initially appearing midway in her course, progressed to total paralysis of extraocular movements by the time of death. In addition to the usual postmortem findings of ALS in the brain stem and spinal cord, there was extensive neuronal loss and gliosis involving the caudal portions of the dorsal and intermediate components of the oculomotor nuclei, the caudal part of the trochlear nuclei, and the abducens nuclei. This represents the first detailed report of the findings in the nuclei of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI in a patient with ALS and ophthalmoplegia.
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PMID:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with ophthalmoplegia. A clinicopathologic study. 48 89

In skeletal muscle biopsies of nine patients with progressive external ophthalmoplegia of unknown origin "ragged red" fibers can be demonstrated. The occurrence of these abnormal fibers does not correlate with clinical muscle weakness, or additional signs of the ophthalmoplegia plus syndrome. Rarely, "ragged red" fibers are seen in other neuromuscular disorders but usually these are associated with various structural alterations. Numerous "ragged red" fibers in an otherwise normal muscle provide an essential criterion in establishing the diagnosis of the ophthalmoplegia plus syndrome.
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PMID:[Muscle biopsy in progressive external ophthalmoplegia (author's transl)]. 49

Sixty-five cases of berry aneurysm on the supraclinoid portion of internal carotid artery were reviewed on the viewpoint of oculomotor palsy. 27 of 65 patients (42%) showed oculomotor palsy. Most cases of complete oculomotor paralysis developed immediately after having subarachnoid hemorrhage, whereas the case of gradually developing oculomotor palsy tended to manifest diplopia first, and followed with blephaloptosis. The recovery rate from oculomotor palsy seemed to be correlated with the duration from the onset of symptom to surgery. The recovery from the complete oculomotor paralysis lasting for a long time seemed to be unsatisfactory unless the surgical direct procedure to the aneurysm was successful in early stage.
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PMID:[Oculomotor palsy due to aneurysm of internal carotid artery (author's transl)]. 49 66

A child with a myopathy that started in the pelvic girdle, non-obstructive cardiomyopathy and retinitis pigmentosa is described. There was a progressive neurological deterioration with external ophthalmoplegia and ptosis. The clinical course could be predicted from the appearance of the muscle biopsy.
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PMID:[Oculocraniosomatic neuromuscular disease]. 49 42

Mucoceles of the sphenoid sinuses are uncommon; 60 cases have been reported in the world literature to date. Signs and symptoms are caused by local expansion of the mucocele and include headache (the most common symptom), ocular field deficits, external ophthalmoplegia (particularly the sixth cranial nerve), and proptosis. Radiologic correlation in the form of plain films and polytomorgraphy is the most reliable guide in the diagnosis of sphenoid sinus disease. Therapy of these lesions is surgical, and drainage can be achieved via the external ethmoid or sublabial transseptal route. Three cases are presented: two had classical findings and the third was conspicuous by the presence of aseptic meningitis in the absence of local findings.
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PMID:Mucoceles of the sphenoid sinus. 50 84

Based on the anatomical and clinical findings in the very rare cases reported, recent experimental data, and the results of oculography, the authors consider that this condition merits definition as an individual entity. It is usually associated with other disorders of oculomotility which may mask clinical signs, and oculography is necessary to establish the diagnosis. Terminologically, it would appear logical to retain the terms; abduction internuclear ophthalmoplegia (and not, posterior), and adduction internuclear ophthalmoplegia (and not, anterior).
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PMID:[Does posterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia exist? A report on eleven cases and the results of oculography (author's transl)]. 50 61


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