Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1940 to 1984, 19 cases of septic dural-sinus thrombosis have been diagnosed at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and some 136 cases have been reported from other institutions. Septic thrombosis most frequently involves the cavernous sinuses (96 cases). Facial or sphenoid air sinus infection often precede cavernous-sinus disease. In addition to the classical signs of proptosis, chemosis, and oculomotor paralysis, isolated sixth-nerve palsy and hypo- or hyperesthesia of the fifth nerve may be found. The major pathogens associated with cavernous-sinus infection include Staphylococcus aureus, other gram-positive organisms, and anaerobes. Septic lateral-sinus thrombosis (64 cases) is almost exclusively a complication of otitis media and/or mastoid infection. Organisms causing this infection include Proteus species, Escherichia coli, S. aureus, and anaerobes. Septic thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus (23 cases) most frequently accompanies bacterial meningitis or air sinus infection. Causative organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. aureus, other streptococci, and Klebsiella species. Because septic dural-sinus thrombosis is rare, this disease is frequently misdiagnosed. Evaluation should include lumbar puncture, air sinus films, and computed tomographic scan with contrast. Other helpful diagnostic tests may include carotid angiography, and dynamic brain scan. Orbital venography is the most definitive study in cases of chronic cavernous-sinus thrombosis. Therapy should include intravenous antibiotics and early surgical drainage of purulent exudate in the air sinuses or mastoid regions. Retrospective analysis suggests that treatment with heparin may reduce mortality in carefully selected cases of septic cavernous-sinus thrombosis. Anticoagulation is not recommended in other forms of septic dural-sinus thrombosis. Mortality in the antibiotic-era remains high, particularly in patients with septic thrombosis of the cavernous (30%) and superior sagittal (78%) sinuses.
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PMID:Septic thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses. 351 53

We report an 11-year-old girl with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) who developed respiratory failure and coma despite the use of corticosteroid and intravenous immunoglobulin. We performed plasmapheresis four times, which improved her level of consciousness, hyperesthesia, external ophthalmoplegia and muscle weakness, and led to the normalization of brain and spinal cord MRI. Plasmapheresis might be an effective treatment in cases of fulminant ADEM.
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PMID:Plasmapheresis in fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. 1157 55

Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) typically presents with ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. Atypical MFS additionally includes bulbar impairment, affection of the limbs, or abortive presentations. Mostly, MFS follows an infection with Campylobacter jejunii. Aspergilloma has not been reported to trigger MFS. In a 48-year-old male tiredness, tinnitus, otalgia, parietal hyperaesthesia, coughing, plugged nose, hypoacusis, globus sensation, epipharyngeal pain, dysarthria, hypogeusia, arthralgia, lid cloni, facial hypaesthesia and tooth ache consecutively developed. There were occasional lid cloni, left-sided facial hypaesthesia, reduced gag reflex, divesting soft palate, and absent tendon reflexes. CSF investigations revealed normal cell-count but increased protein. Antibodies against GM1 and GQ1b were negative. Atypical MFS was diagnosed. Otolaryngological examinations revealed chronic sinusitis maxillaris from an aspergilloma. After immunoglobulins and resectioning of the aspergilloma, neurological abnormalities disappeared within 19d. MFS may manifest as unilateral lower cranial nerve lesions without affection of the upper cranial nerves or ataxia. Atypical MFS may be triggered by parasinusoidal aspergilloma.
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PMID:Anti-GQ1b-negative Miller-Fisher syndrome with lower cranial nerve involvement from parasinusoidal aspergilloma. 1608 Nov 59