Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia has not previously been described in progressive supranuclear palsy. The present report draws attention to the occurrence of varying degrees of anterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia in 4 out of 13 cases of this condition studied over a 4-yr period. This finding suggests that the medial longitudinal fasciculus may be involved in the degenerative process in some cases of progressive supranuclear palsy.
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PMID:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia in progressive supranuclear palsy. 115 48

A 58-year-old woman developed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia, probable right oculosympathetic paresis (Horner's syndrome), and right facial dysesthesias with acute cervical hyperextension upon sustaining a rear-end automobile collision. There was no head trauma. A nuclear magnetic resonance scan revealed a discrete area of increased signal in the tegmentum of the pons to the left. Extensive recovery was noted 1 year later. The acute cervical hyperextension suggested acute shearing and stretching of axons from brain stem deceleration rather than transient vertebral artery ischemia. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia representing intracranial pathology without direct head trauma has not previously been described with acute cervical hyperextension injury.
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PMID:Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia due to acute cervical hyperextension without head trauma. 252 55

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia has been infrequently described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. We report a 23-year-old woman with lupus who presented with bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia and skew deviation. Additional neurologic findings included dysarthria, hemifacial weakness, hemiparesis, and dysmetria. Computed tomography of the patient's brainstem was unremarkable while magnetic resonance scanning demonstrated two areas of infarction. Magnetic resonance imaging is superior to computed tomography in both neuroradiographic study of the brainstem as well as evaluation of patients with neurologic complications of lupus.
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PMID:Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia in systemic lupus erythematosus. 295 86

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is characterized by an adduction deficit on lateral gaze with dissociated nystagmus of the abducting eye. It is seen with lesions of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. In myasthenia gravis, extraocular muscle weakness can cause the same oculomotor pattern, which has been referred to as pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia. We report the additional finding of downshoot in the adducting eye in two patients with pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia and positive Tensilon tests.
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PMID:Pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia with downshoot in myasthenia gravis. 295 87

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is a gaze disorder characterized by impaired adduction on the side of a lesion involving the medial longitudinal fasciculus with dissociated nystagmus of the abducting eye. Eleven patients with internuclear ophthalmoplegia (nine with clinical multiple sclerosis, two with clinical infarction) underwent MR imaging with spin-echo techniques on a 1.5-T system. Nine patients also had CT. MR showed focal or nodular areas of high signal intensity on T2-weighted images in the region of the medial longitudinal fasciculus in 10 of 11 patients. In one of four patients with internuclear ophthalmoplegia who had MR after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA, an enhancing ring lesion was seen in the region of the medial longitudinal fasciculus on short TR/TE images, indicating active blood-brain-barrier disruption, which correlated with this patient's recent-onset internuclear ophthalmoplegia. CT failed to show the lesions in all nine patients examined. This report demonstrates the superiority of MR in evaluating gaze disorders attributable to brainstem dysfunction, such as internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and correlates MR findings with the relevant neuroanatomy of the medial longitudinal fasciculus.
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PMID:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia: MR-anatomic correlation. 310 83

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia results from impairment of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Multiple sclerosis is usually the cause in bilateral cases while a vascular lesion is commonly implicated in unilateral cases. Head trauma is a rare cause. We describe the case of a 52-year-old man who developed unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia following a head injury suffered in an automobile accident. Gradual improvement in the internuclear ophthalmoplegia occurred over a six-month follow-up period. Review of the literature reveals only ten previous reports of internuclear ophthalmoplegia secondary to head injury. In seven of these cases the internuclear ophthalmoplegia was the direct result of the trauma and in three it occurred only after subdural hematoma formation. These ten cases are summarized. Several theories for the pathophysiology of trauma-induced internuclear ophthalmoplegia are presented.
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PMID:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia after head trauma. 725 60

The authors report a case of traumatic internuclear ophthalmoplegia and discuss its pathophysiologic mechanism. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia due to head trauma is uncommon, though it may be more common than reported since signs and symptoms typically resolve over weeks to months, and in multiple trauma patients other serious injuries overshadow disturbances of eye movements. A lesion involving medial longitudinal fasciculus was found by magnetic resonance imaging in the early post-traumatic period; this lesion was not seen when routine X-ray computed tomography was performed at the time of injury, confirming that magnetic resonance scanning is definitely superior to computed tomography for evaluating internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
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PMID:[Traumatic internuclear ophthalmoplegia]. 808 27

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a common sign of multiple sclerosis in young patients and of vascular diseases in older people. Traumatic bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia following severe head injuries may occur. We present the unusual case of a young patient suffered from bilateral INO as an isolated finding after a minor head injury, without other signs of brain stem or cortical injury. The ophthalmoplegia has persisted for 22 months.
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PMID:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia following minor head injury: a case report. 1007 Apr 36

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is usually caused by multiple sclerosis, tumors, or vascular lesions of the brain stem. We report a patient with Wernicke syndrome who presented with a right-sided internuclear ophthalmoplegia. He recovered completely with intravenous thiamine (vitamin B1). There were no lesions in the magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the brain, suggesting a derangement at the cellular level as the cause.
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PMID:Unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia and recovery with thiamine in Wernicke syndrome. 1106 54

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is a remarkable finding, particularly in patients victims of head injury. The medial longitudinal fasciculus, which is believed to be lesioned in cases of internuclear ophthalmoplegia, has an unique brain stem position and the mechanism involved in brain stem contusions implies a maximal intensity of shearing forces on the skull base. We describe a very rare association of bilateral ophthalmoplegia and clivus fracture following head injury, without further neurological signs. The patient history, his physical examination and the image investigation provide additional evidence to some of the mechanisms of injury proposed to explain post-traumatic internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
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PMID:Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia and clivus fracture following head injury: case report. 1224 6


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