Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intraneural and perineural spread of squamous carcinoma from the face to the cranial cavity is an important cause of delayed cranial nerve palsies after local excision of a skin tumour. As exemplified in reports of two cases, signs of this type of centripetal spread of squamous cell tumour along the branches and trunk of the supraorbital nerve are (i) severe unremitting orbital and forehead pain with associated hypoaesthesia, (ii) palpable or radiological evidence of thickening of the nerve at the supraorbital notch and (iii) evolution of ophthalmoplegia, blindness, and sensory loss in the first division of the trigeminal nerve. Appearance of severe supraorbital neuralgia months or years after excision of a skin tumour from the forehead should alert the clinician to extension of tumour cells along the supraorbital nerve. This may enable him to institute timely treatment before a complete orbital apex syndrome has developed.
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PMID:Painful ophthalmoplegia following treated squamous carcinoma of the forehead. Orbital apex involvement from centripetal spread via the supraorbital nerve. 95 Sep 37

Two hundred and twenty-seven cases of carcinoma metastatic to the eye and orbit have been reviewed previously. The orbit alone was involved in 28 cases: theses lesions constitute the basis of this clinicopathologic study. The most common signs and symptoms produced by orbital metastasis included exophthalmos (75%1, pain (29%), decreased vision (29%), periorbital swelling (25%), a visible mass (21%), ophthalmoplegia, and diplopia (18%). The ophthalmologists' preoperative (or premortem) clinical diagnoses were: orbital mass, 36%; metastatic carcinoma, 29%; leukemia, 7%; melanosarcoma, 4%; mixed tumor of lacrimal gland, 4%; and meningioma, 4%. The sites of the primary tumors in the 28 patients with orbital metastasis were as follows: breast, eight; lung, four; genitourinary tract, four; pancreas, one; and ileum, one. In 10 patients the site of the primary carcinoma was not determined. In 17 of the 28 patients, symptoms of orbital metastasis preceded detection of a primary tumor elsewhere in the body. In 10 of the remaining 11 patients, detection of the primary tumor had preceded the onset of orbital symptoms. In one patient, symptoms of the primary tumor and of orbital metastasis appeared at about the same time. The median survival of patients with carcinoma metastatic to the orbit was 15.6 months from the time of orbital surgery. This was much better than the median survival of the 227 patients in the overall study (7.4 months) and far better than the median survival of the patients with metastasis to the anterior segment of the eye (only 5.4 months).
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PMID:Carcinoma metastatic to the eye and orbit III. A clinicopathologic study of 28 cases metastatic to the orbit. 95 71

A case of painful ophthalmoplegia with unilateral ocular pain, fixed eyeball to all directions of gaze, and loss of vision is presented. After intensive steroid therapy, conjunctival chemosis subsided markedly, but no improvement was seen in other clinical signs. We took a CT scan of orbit brain and performed nasopharyngeal biopsy and open biopsy through craniectomy. Based on the results of clinical features and findings of the CT scan and tissues, we diagnosed painful ophthalmoplegia secondary to nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasized to orbital apex and brain.
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PMID:Painful ophthalmoplegia secondary to nasopharyngeal carcinoma--a case report. 209 62

We have described a patient with primary laryngeal carcinoma who had bilateral progressive ophthalmoplegia. Repeated studies of cerebrospinal fluid and initial radiologic examinations failed to provide a diagnosis. Sphenoidal sinusotomy and biopsy were necessary to confirm the diagnosis of metastatic laryngeal carcinoma--a previously unreported phenomenon.
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PMID:Metastatic laryngeal carcinoma as a cause of progressive ophthalmoplegia. 276 89

Although metastatic tumors of the pituitary gland and the sellar region are not common, they may radiographically mimic a pituitary tumor. Because the metastasis frequently involves the posterior lobe and because lateral extension to the cavernous sinus is common, patients may present with ptosis, diplopia, or diabetes insipidus. Decrease in anterior pituitary function is less common. Metastatic tumors contain abundant vascular networks, as evidenced by frequent blush on cerebral angiography and increased bleeding at operation. We report the case of a 57-year-old woman who presented with rapid onset of bilateral ptosis and ophthalmoplegia and was found to have a metastatic carcinoma within the pituitary gland.
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PMID:Metastatic tumor of the pituitary gland. 343 67

A 60-year-old woman presented with a history of headache and rapidly progressive complete bilateral ophthalmoplegia. Her endocrine function was normal. Radiographic studies revealed signs of diffuse destruction of the sella turcica by a tumor without suprasellar extension. Biopsies of the lesion within the sphenoid sinus demonstrated the presence of a primary pituitary carcinoma; autopsy findings revealed metastatic deposits in the liver, kidney, and lung. The histological characteristics of these cells and the electron microscopic findings confirmed that the tumor can first manifest themselves by the rapid development of unilateral or bilateral ophthalmoplegia; this diagnosis should be considered in all individuals with such a syndrome.
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PMID:Primary pituitary carcinoma: a clinical pathological study. 397 20

Computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic procedure of choice in cavernous sinus evaluation. Two patients are reported with painful ophthalmoplegia due to metastatic carcinoma to the cavernous sinus in which initial CT scanning was considered to be normal. These cases illustrate the necessity of thin tomographic sections (5 mm or less), multiple projections (axial, coronal) and large doses of intravenous contrast medium (bolus and drip infusion). Careful technique is essential in order to thoroughly evaluate the parasellar region and avoid a false-negative CT examination.
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PMID:Pitfalls in computed tomographic evaluation of the cavernous sinus. 398 13

A 57-year-old woman presented with a ptosis of her left eye four weeks prior to surgery for scirrhous carcinoma of the breast. Six months later she had blurred vision in her left eye, and double vision occurred three months subsequently. The diagnosis was enophthalmus and ophthalmoplegia. The suspected diagnosis of a distant metastasis of the scirrhous carcinoma of the breast was confirmed by biopsy. The orbital symptoms were a rare first sign not only of a metastatic process, but also of the carcinoma itself.
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PMID:[Enophthalmos with limitation of bulbar motility as a rare clinical symptom of metastasizing carcinoma of the breast (author's transl)]. 625 81

Meningiomas sometimes invade into the surrounding structures, especially into the sinuses, and show remote extracranial metastasis. Meningiomas of the sphenoid ridge sometimes extend and invade into the cavernous sinus, diaphragma sellae, sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses, orbit and the pterygomaxillary fossa. A case of the tumor of the right sphenoid ridge, which recurred into the orbit and the pterygomaxillary fossa two years after the total removal, was presented. Histological examinations of both the first and second tumor showed meningotheliomatous meningioma. A 61-year-old female was admitted on January 17, 1980 with a complaint of left hemiparesis, memory disturbance, disorientation and incontinentia urinae. Right carotid angiography and CT scan showed a large high density mass in the right middle cranial fossa, which was totally removed. After the operation, the neurological status rapidly improved and she spent an uneventful life until February 1982 when she noticed right exophthalmos, ophthalmoplegia and visual loss. Right CAG and CT scan at the second admission showed a strongly enhanced mass in the right orbit and pterygomaxillary fossa. Severe destruction of the posterolateral wall of the right orbit and the floor of the right middle cranial fossa was also noticed. The tumor was totally removed, using modified Dieffenbach-Weber-Fergusson approach, which is usually used for the carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. By this approach, we could easily reach the pterygomaxillary fossa, that is, the floor of the middle cranial fossa and the posterolateral wall of the orbit. This approach seemed to be very useful for the removal of the tumors of the skull base.
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PMID:[Meningioma of the sphenoid ridge recurring into the pterygomaxillary fossa following craniotomy. A case report and surgical approach]. 663 11

The occurrence of central nervous system metastases in ovarian cancer patients ranges from 0.88 to 4.5%. Centra nervous system involvement in a fallopian tube carcinoma is extremely rare. A 77-year-old woman with an invasive tubal carcinoma was admitted because of ophthalmoplegia, sparing the lateral rectus muscle of the left eye, a decreased left corneal reflex and hypoesthesia along the distribution of the ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the left trigeminal nerve. CT scan showed a space occupying lesion in the left sphenoid sinus invading the left cavernous sinus and the submucosa of the left lateral wall of the nasopharynx, proven histologically to be a metastasis from her primary cancer. Attention should be paid to the possibility of distant and unusual metastases associated with tubal cancer in order to treat the patients promptly.
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PMID:Sphenoid and cavernous sinuses involvement as first site of metastasis from a fallopian tube carcinoma. Case report. 817 48


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