Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029089 (ophthalmoplegia)
 3,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 70 year-old woman presented with a progressive supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, with "apraxia" of eyelid opening, axial akinesia and dementia. CT scan showed a mild cortico-subcortical atrophy and there was a high level of immunoglobulins, with an oligoclonal pattern, without cell reaction in the CSF. The patient died two years after the onset. Post-mortem examination, limited to CNS, showed subacute encephalitis confined to the tectal, pretectal, subthalamic areas and to Ammon's horns. These changes and their location were strongly suggestive of polioencephalomyelitis with or without cancer, in which such a prevalent midbrain involvement has been exceptionally described.
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PMID:[Chronic encephalitis with mesencephalic predominance. A clinico-pathologic case]. 239 10

We analyzed the clinical constellation of signs and symptoms and the radiographic studies of 17 patients with histologic verification of cavernous sinus metastases. Although most patients presented with acute, unilateral, painful ophthalmoplegia, and with a rapidly progressive course, the clinical diagnosis of metastatic disease was often delayed. This was probably due to the fact that, in the majority of patients, cavernous sinus symptoms were either the first expression of an unknown malignancy or the first manifestation of metastatic disease in those with a known primary. Computed tomography was found to be an indispensable diagnostic aid. In 16 of the 17 patients CT established the presence of an enhancing mass in the cavernous sinus sometimes associated with bone erosion. Thin section, contrast enhanced high resolution CT in axial and coronal projections represents the imaging procedure of choice for metastatic disease to the cavernous sinus.
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PMID:Metastatic disease to the cavernous sinus: clinical syndrome and CT diagnosis. 298 8

Malignant lacrimal gland tumors are rare but serious and life-threatening neoplasms. Patients frequently present with symptoms of less than 1 year duration, often demonstrating rapid change during the 6 months preceding diagnosis. Pain and periorbital sensory changes are also reported by patients. Radiographically, bone destruction is a strong indication of a lacrimal gland malignancy as is ophthalmoplegia. Radical three-dimensional resection utilizing a cranioorbital approach offers the best chance for total tumor removal. Immediate reconstruction with a scalp flap is essential for primary healing, as well as esthetic balance of the orbital region.
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PMID:Surgical management of malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland. 648 24

A 56-year-old man developed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia and "optic neuritis" as remote effects of a bronchial carcinoma. These clinical findings correlated pathologically with secondary demyelination of the medial longitudinal fasciculus and with round cell infiltration and adhesive arachnoiditis of the optic nerve. There was no evidence of CNS metastasis. "Optic neuritis" and internuclear ophthalmoplegia may be paraneoplastic effects of systemic cancer.
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PMID:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia and "optic neuritis": paraneoplastic effects of bronchial carcinoma. 653 43

A 70-year-old man who had squamous cell carcinoma of the lip later presented with right mental neuropathy, ipsilateral progressive involvement of all three divisions of the 5th, the 7th and 8th cranial nerves, and complete ophthalmoplegia. Biopsy proven metastasis to the mandible was demonstrated. Although repeated studies of CT scan of the head and cerebral angiography were negative, CSF examination revealed positive cytology, elevated protein and low sugar content. Although vascular dissemination from the primary lip lesion to the mandible and brain stem cannot be ruled out, extension through perineurial space via the 5th cranial nerve have been speculated. This case demonstrates two unusual features of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip, namely metastasis to the mandible and meningeal spread with multiple cranial neuropathies.
Cancer 1984 Jan 15
PMID:Unusual manifestations of multiple cranial nerve palsies and mandibular metastasis in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lip. 669 17

A man of 74 years of age, suffering from a left-sided ophthalmoplegia and a radiologically detected opacification of the sphenoid sinus with destruction of the bony roof of the sphenoid sinus, was operated on because a malignant tumor was suspected. A destruction of the bony walls of the sphenoid sinus was found. The histological examination of the "glue"-like "tumorous" material revealed an aspergillosis. The patient developed an aspesrgillus meningitis postoperatively. Intrathecally administered Amphotericin B led to an improvement of the meningitis, but caused a fatal renal failure. A review of the literature showed that only 7 cases of aspergillosis of the sphenoid sinus have been reported, 3 of which presented with a tumor-like destruction of the sinus. An aspergilloma of the sphenoid sinus is therefore a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients with a suspected malignancy of the infrasellar region.
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PMID:[Aspergilloma of the sphenoid sinus with aspergillus meningitis (author's transl)]. 709 92

The occurrence of central nervous system metastases in ovarian cancer patients ranges from 0.88 to 4.5%. Centra nervous system involvement in a fallopian tube carcinoma is extremely rare. A 77-year-old woman with an invasive tubal carcinoma was admitted because of ophthalmoplegia, sparing the lateral rectus muscle of the left eye, a decreased left corneal reflex and hypoesthesia along the distribution of the ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the left trigeminal nerve. CT scan showed a space occupying lesion in the left sphenoid sinus invading the left cavernous sinus and the submucosa of the left lateral wall of the nasopharynx, proven histologically to be a metastasis from her primary cancer. Attention should be paid to the possibility of distant and unusual metastases associated with tubal cancer in order to treat the patients promptly.
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PMID:Sphenoid and cavernous sinuses involvement as first site of metastasis from a fallopian tube carcinoma. Case report. 817 48

Wernicke's encephalopathy, neuropathy caused by a deficiency of thiamine is a syndrome characterized by memory troubles, mental confusion, ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus. The authors present a case that came up in a patient who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy because of malignant neoplasm of the stomach. More or less three months after the intervention the patient's general conditions were considerably declined and characterised by alimentary vomit, sensory obnubilation and neuromuscular deficit. After appropriate diagnostic ascertainments a repetition of the neoplastic disease was to be excluded locally and at a distance. So the authors analysed the different etiopathogenic possibilities to get a better clinical view of the syndrome in the surgical patient.
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PMID:Wernicke's encephalopathy post subtotal extended gastrectomy. 854 60

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by thiamine (vitamin B1)-deficiency. WE is most commonly seen among patients with alcohol abuse, and thiamine deficiency is here caused by several factors, among others inadequate diet, insufficient gastrointestinal absorption and enzymatic abnormalities. The syndrome, however, is also seen among non-alcoholic, undernourished patients, e.g. certain patients with cancer or AIDS. The diagnosis WE has traditionally been given when the triad of confusion, ataxia and ophthalmoplegia was present. However, it should be recognised, that these three symptoms are not always present at the same time, partly because the mental symptoms often dominate and cloud, possible ocular abnormalities and ataxia. The syndrome is, according to the author's opinion, still underdiagnosed. The treatment of WE, consisting of large doses of intravenous thiamine, is effective and safe, and therefore it is important to be aware of WE among risk-patients, especially among patients with alcohol abuse, and to institute treatment with intravenous thiamine at the slightest suspicion.
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PMID:[Wernicke's encephalopathy]. 863 25

A 60-year-old man with a 40-year history of seronegative ocular myasthenia gravis (MG) developed generalized weakness cumulating crisis over 2 years. On admission, ophthalmoplegia, severe ptosis and marked generalized weakness were observed without autonomic symptoms and signs. The deep tendon reflexes were decreased, but were normalized after repeated muscle contractions. EMG of the abductor digiti minimi muscle showed low amplitude in compound muscle action potentials (0.6 mV), waxing phenomenon (292%) with 20 Hz repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS), waning phenomenon (34%) in 3 Hz RNS, and posttetanic facilitation (393%). Stimulated single fiber EMG showed reduced jitter with higher stimulation rates. Serum anti-P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies were negative with no evidence of malignancy. Sensitive assay of acetylcholine receptor antibody in serum revealed a positive titer, while conventional assay was negative. A muscle biopsy was performed and immune complex deposition was demonstrated at the endplate. A nearly complete clinical remission and normalization of electrophysiological features followed immunoadsorption and prednisolone therapy. A sensitive immunoassay of acetylcholine receptor antibodies and immunolocalization of complement at the endplate are useful diagnostic tools in cases presenting with features of myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
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PMID:[Myasthenia gravis with electrophysiological features of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: usefulness of serum autoantibodies assay and neuromuscular junction biopsy]. 1042 44


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