Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study is to determine whether or not renal involvement was present during the early neonatal period in preterm infants with PVL. We conducted a case-control study. The following items were evaluated; urine output, serum levels of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), urea nitrogen (UN), and creatinine (Cr). The factors that could influence the urine output were also compared between the PVL and the control group. The mean urine output during the first 24h in the PVL group was 19.8ml/kg/day, and was significantly lower than in the control group (28.8ml/kg/day, p<0.05). The mean UN and Cr were not significantly different between the two groups. The minimal serum Na and Cl levels in the PVL group were significantly lower (128.3 and 94.3mEq/l) than those in the control group (134.8 and 100.7mEq/l, p<0.01 each). The maximal serum K level was significantly higher in the PVL group (6.47mEq/l) as compared to the control group (5.57mEq/l, p<0.05). There were no differences in any postnatal variables between the two groups. The preterm infants who later developed PVL had mild but significant oliguria during the first 24h of life. This suggests that preterm infants with PVL will have renal involvement immediately after birth.
 ...
PMID:Mild oliguria in preterm infants who later developed periventricular leukomalacia. 1698 67

A 46-year-old man with no previous history of abnormal urinalysis findings or renal dysfunction was admitted to a local hospital because of a motor vehicle crash. An open laparotomy was performed to treat a perforation of the small intestine. After operation, oliguria and renal dysfunction developed, and he was admitted to our hospital because of acute renal failure after trauma. Acute renal failure was assumed to be due to rhabdomyolysis with elevated serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and creatine kinase levels and myoglobinemia. Left flank pain occurred several days after admission, and the serum alkaline phosphatase level increased between days 5 and 12 following admission. Although hemodialysis was performed 9 times and the urine output was satisfactory, the creatinine clearance levels increased only to about 50 mL/min/1.73 m2 (0.84 mL/s/m2) at 6 weeks following admission. As a result, a diagnosis of renal infarction due to acute renal artery occlusion was considered. The left kidney was atrophic on an abdominal computed tomographic scan and was nonfunctioning on a renogram. This case shows the importance of not overlooking the possibility of a renal infarction associated with rhabdomyolysis after a motor vehicle crash. In particular, the changes in the serum alkaline phosphatase levels were important in making a correct diagnosis in this case.
 ...
PMID:Rhabdomyolysis and unilateral renal infarction after a motor vehicle crash. 1787 63

Over a period of six months, 55 patients out of 11,216 (0.49%) admitted to the hospital developed acute renal failure (ARF). The diagnosis of ARF was based on the usual criteria, a sudden rise in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine with or without oliguria. Patients age ranged between 15 and 81 years with a mean of 51.9 years. Renal ischemia (69%) and nephrotoxic drugs (16.3%) were the two main etiologic factors. Among the causes of ischemia, septic shock was the commonest (29%), followed by severe hypotension due to several causes such as hemorrhage, burns, severe diarrhea and cardiogenic shock (25.4%), and ACE inhibitors (10.9%). ARF was associated with an average of 15.8 days stay in hospital versus 5.1 days for the overall hospital admissions. Immediate management of hypotension by intravenous fluid replacement, vasopressor agents and the necessary surgical intervention was appropriately considered. Intravenous frusemide was used for oliguric patients. Intermittent hemodialysis was used in 18 patients and continuous venovenous hemofiltration in six patients. Twelve patients with ARF due to ischemia died, while there were no deaths in the nephrotoxic group (p < 0.05). The overall mortality was (21.8%), which had no correlation with patient age. All non-oliguric patients survived with the mortality being exclusively in the oliguric group.
 ...
PMID:Acute renal failure: six months pilot study in qatar. 1840 4

Ischemia- or toxin-induced acute kidney injury is generally thought to affect the cells of the proximal tubule, but it has been difficult to define the involvement of other tubular segments because of the widespread damage caused by ischemia/reperfusion or toxin-induced injury in experimental models. For evaluation of whether thick ascending limb (TAL)-specific epithelial injury results in acute kidney injury, a novel transgenic mouse model that expresses the herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase gene under the direction of the TAL-specific Tamm-Horsfall protein promoter was generated. After administration of gancyclovir, these mice demonstrated apoptosis only in TAL cells, with little evidence of neutrophil infiltration. Compared with control mice, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were at least five-fold higher in the transgenic mice, which also developed oliguria and impaired urinary concentrating ability. These findings suggest that acute injury targeted only to the TAL is sufficient to cause severe acute kidney injury in mice with features similar to those observed in humans.
 ...
PMID:Apoptosis of the thick ascending limb results in acute kidney injury. 1849 62

Fibric acid derivatives and statins have been increasingly recognized as causes of rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. We report severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure associated to combination treatment with statin and fenofibrate in two patients with underlying coronary artery disease. Both patients developed rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure after their hyperlipidemia treatment was changed from statin to statin plus fenofibrate. Both patients experienced intense muscle symptoms, hemoglobinuria, oliguria, and elevation of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Their serum creatine kinase levels were markedly elevated (case 1; 97,392 IU/l and case 2; 96,639 IU/l). Rhabdomyolysis induced acute renal failure was diagnosed in both patients. Both patients were managed with cessation of the statin-fibrate combination, adequate fluid resuscitation and forced alkaline-mannitol diuresis. Although both patients required hemodialysis, their renal function recovered. Fenofibrate initiation is associated with an increased risk for rhabdomyolysis in patients receiving statin therapy. To prevent future events, it is crucial that clinicians recognize the interaction risk associated with concurrent use of statin and fenofibrate. We recommend careful monitoring when fenofibrate is given to patients receiving statin therapy.
 ...
PMID:Fenofibrate-induced acute renal failure due to massive rhabdomyolysis after coadministration of statin in two patients. 1852 Jan 13

Pigment nephropathy accounts for approximately 3% of all cases of acute renal failure (ARF) in children. Studies of risk factors associated with ARF and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children with rhabdomyolysis-associated pigment nephropathy consist of retrospective case series with variable inclusion criteria. Our objective was to evaluate clinical and laboratory characteristics, etiology, initial fluid therapy, prevalence of ARF and the requirement for RRT in pediatric patients with acute rhabdomyolysis. Twenty-eight patients (19 male) with a mean age of 11.1 +/- 5.6 years were studied. Acute renal failure occurred in 11 patients (39%), seven of whom (64%) required RRT. Features associated with the need for RRT included history of fever, persistent oliguria, admission blood urea nitrogen level, creatinine, Ca(2+), K(+), bicarbonate and aspartate aminotransferase. Most of these factors are related to the level of renal insufficiency and degree of muscle injury. There was no difference in admission and peak creatine kinase (CK) levels between those who did or did not require RRT. However, all who required RRT had a peak CK level > 5000 U/L.
 ...
PMID:Factors associated with acute renal failure in children with rhabdomyolysis. 1860 38

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by plasmodium, which lives and breeds in human blood cells, and is transmitted through the bites of Anopheles mosquitoes. Renal impairment, often caused by malaria, is acute renal failure (ARF) due to acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Dengue virus is transmitted from human to human through Aedes aegypti mosquito bites. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), the most severe stage of infection, is characterized by bleeding and shock tendencies (dengue shock syndrome, DSS). ARF is a less common complication in patients with DHF, with an incidence of less than 10%. Mixed infections of two infectious agents may cause overlapping symptoms and have been reported in Africa and India. We report here a patient with ARF due to mixed infection of severe malaria and DSS. The patient presented with fever and had a history of repeated malaria infection. Physical examination revealed stable vital signs and hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory data showed hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia and increased serum aminotransferase. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusion. A malarial antigen and thick smear examination showed the trophozoite stage of P. falciparum. On Day 3, blood pressure dropped to 80/60 mmHg, pulse was 120 beats/minute, weak, and body temperature 36.8 C, with icterus. Other tests revealed an increase of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, and serologically anti-dengue IgG antibody (+) and anti-dengue IgM antibody (-). Based on these findings, we diagnosed the patient as having both malaria and DDS. We treated the patient with the parenteral anti-malarial agent, artemisinin. Supportive treatment and treatment of complications were also performed simultaneously for DSS. The patient experienced an oliguria episode but responded well to a diuretic. The patient was discharged after clinical and laboratory examinations showed positive progress.
 ...
PMID:Acute renal failure in a patient with severe malaria and dengue shock syndrome. 1900 May 45

A 52-year-old Indian woman with underlying diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, presented with generalized musculoskeletal pain and oliguria for three days. The patient was taking 80 mg of simvastatin initiated 20 days earlier after cardiac catheterization for an inferior myocardial infarction. Laboratory investigations revealed the following serum levels: creatine kinase 81,620 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase 2497 U/L, alanine aminotransferase 1304 U/L, blood urea nitrogen 21.7 mmol/L, creatinine 447 micromol/L, Free T4 12.6 pmol/L, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 22.7 microIU/L. Simvastatin was discontinued and the patient received forced alkaline diuresis. Her hypothyroidism was treated with thyroxin, which was continued upon discharge, and her renal function recovered within two months. This case report discusses the incidence of rhabdomyolysis in a patient with primary hypothyroidism receiving large doses of simvastatin.
 ...
PMID:Severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure secondary to use of simvastatin in undiagnosed hypothyroidism. 1911 32

We analyzed the effect of off-label fenoldopam (FDM) therapy on electrolyte balance, renal function, blood pressure, and urinary output in neonatal patients. We performed a retrospective review of 22 neonates treated with FDM in two neonatal intensive care units. Primary outcome compared physiological status 24 hours before FDM therapy to the first 24 hours of FDM therapy. Electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, fluid intake, respiratory support, blood pressure, and heart rate were also compared. FDM was used to treat oliguria and anasarca. Seven infants were supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Gestation ranged 24 to 39 weeks (median 37) and postnatal age, 1 to 89 days (median 10). FDM dose increased over time (median initial dose 0.10 microg/kg/min versus 0.20 at 48 hours). FDM therapy had no effect on serum creatinine, electrolytes, or cardiopulmonary function but was associated with a significant increase in BUN ( P = 0.008). Urine output did not increase significantly for the group as a whole (paired T test) but did significantly increase during the initial 24-hour infusion among oliguric infants. Low-dose FDM did not improve urine output in critically ill neonates as a whole. There were no apparent adverse cardiopulmonary or metabolic effects from FDM use in this limited population. Future FDM use in the context of a randomized prospective trial appears warranted in the early management of infants with oliguria.
 ...
PMID:An evaluation of off-label fenoldopam use in the neonatal intensive care unit. 1945 25

A retrospective study was done to analyse the incidence and outcome of acute renal failure among all patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of Apollo Hospital, Secunderabad during the 12-month period from March 2003 to February 2004. Of the total 1100 patients admitted in ICU during the period, 75 patients were diagnosed with acute renal failure considering the primary markers as the levels of nitrogenous compounds in blood, i.e., blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Sepsis in 24 (32%), hypoperfusion in 46 (61.3%), nephrotoxic drugs in 3, contrast induced in 1 and 20 patients with surgical ailments were the factors responsible for causing acute renal failure in various combinations. Thirty-three patients required dialytic support. Of the 75 patients, 29 died and of those who survived 9 had partial recovery. The overall mortality in ICU was 8.1% as compared to mortality among acute renal failure in ICU setting at 38.7%. Sepsis, oliguria and hypotension and scores over 120 on the Apache III scoring system were indicators of poor outcome. More than one pathogenetic factor playing a role in the development of acute renal failure in the majority. Acute renal failure can be prevented in several cases or the severity reduced by appropriate measures.
 ...
PMID:Acute renal failure in intensive care unit. 1981 Mar 83


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>