Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

15 cases of acute renal failure following ingestion of bichloride of mercury were studied at Pahlavi medical center, university of Teheran, between 1962 and 1972. All the patients admitted suicide attempts. All had oliguria and uremia except one, in whom oliguria was moderate without azotemia. There were four deaths among the 15 patients, three of them with gastrointestinal hemorrhage; secondery infection and the prolonged acute uremia probably were the cause of death in another one. Early administration of B. A. L. and early frequent hemodialysis helps to support the patient through the period of oliguria and possibly to remove the mercury B.A.L. Complex. Although the mortality of mercury intoxication has decreased, gastrointestinal hemorrhages and secondery infections make its prognosis still unfavorable.
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PMID:[Anuria caused by mercury poisoning (apropos of 15 cases)]. 108 92

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxicant and nephrotoxicant in several animal species including humans. Although the in vivo toxicity of MeHg per se is well known, the interaction between MeHg and other pollutants and with nutritional factors is not well understood. Since ethanol (EtOH) is a widely consumed toxicant which has been shown to enhance the histopathologic effects of MeHg on renal tissues, a study was undertaken to examine the effects of the combined administration to rats of MeHg and EtOH on renal function and on mercury distribution in body tissues. Forty-eight rats were divided into 6 treatment groups of 8 rats each. Rats in groups 1, 2 and 3 were given feed ad libitum, a restricted liquid diet of 70 mL/d or distilled water orally, respectively. Rats in groups 4, 5 and 6 were given 1.5 mg MeHg/kg bw, 2.0 g EtOH/kg bw, or 1.5 mg MeHg + 2.0 g EtOH/kg bw, respectively, by oral gavage daily for 45 d. All rats except those in group 1 (ad libitum) were fed 70 mL of liquid diet/d for the entire study period. The ingestion of MeHg + EtOH in combination induced a greater increase in renal weight compared to treatment with either MeHg + EtOH alone. Only those rats given MeHg in combination with EtOH exhibited oliguria and elevated blood urea nitrogen levels. Despite this antidiuresis, urinary concentrating ability was impaired in those rats given both MeHg and EtOH. In contrast, the ingestion of MeHg by itself caused the most rapid loss of glucose in urine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The effects of administering methylmercury in combination with ethanol in the rat. 162 57

Left renal arteries of rats were clamped for 40 min, and the kidneys were studied 48 hr and 7 days following restoration of blood flow. At 48 hr, there was severe oliguria or anuria. Renal blood flow (RBF) was in the normal range, but there was a loss of RBF autoregulation between 95 to 120 mm of mercury in seven out of nine rats. Morphologically, arcuate and interlobular arteries and afferent arterioles showed focal, segmental necrosis of smooth muscle cells and diapedesis of red blood cells across their walls. At 7 days, renal function was still severely depressed. RBF showed a slight decrease that did not reach statistical significance, and RBF autoregulatory capacity was lost in 8 out of 11 rats. Morphologically, vascular lesions were characterized at this stage by marked thickening and fibrosis of the tunica adventitia of the interlobular arteries and afferent arterioles. Structural vascular alterations may impair smooth muscle contractile function and thus interfere with RBF autoregulatory function in this model of acute renal failure.
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PMID:Alterations in vascular function and morphology in acute ischemic renal failure. 687 67

The distribution and excretion of mercury were studied in mice and rats given a single injection of HgCl2 combined with chelation treatment. BAL-sulph (2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulphonate) given intravenously (500 mumol SH/kg) to mice 24 hrs after the mercury injection (2.0 mumol Hg/kg) reduced the kidney Hg-level significantly, while NAPA (N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine) and BAL (2,3-dimercaptopropanol) did not. Severe kidney damage with oliguria was observed in pregnant as well as in non-pregnant rats after injection of 5 mumol/kg of HgCl2. The gross pathological changes could be avoided with immediate treatment with BAL-sulph (500 mumol SH/kg), and such treatment protect against the oliguric reaction. Treatment delayed for 24 hrs reduced the renal Hg-levels significantly, but was ineffective in preventing the kidney damage. This indicates that irreversible changes might have occurred in kidneys cells at this time. The Hg-levels in the brain were either unchanged or lowered in animals given BAL-sulph treatment. BAL-sulph is supposed to act by chelation Hg++, particularly in the extracellular space. The complexes formed appears to be rapidly excreted by healthy kidneys. Mercury poisoning with severe renal damage is, however, associated with a block in urinary Hg-excretion. The poisoned animals responded on the BAL-sulph treatment with a substantial raise of faecal mercury excretion.
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PMID:The effect of immediate and delayed treatment with 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulphonate on the distribution and toxicity of inorganic mercury in mice and in foetal and adult rats. 736 70

Nineteen adults who had acute glomerulonephritis were reviewed with respect to the clinical course and long-term follow-up. The age range was from 17 to 55 years. Only one patient died during the acute episode. In 11 cases, onset occurred between November and January and 15 of the patients had a known respiratory tract infection three to 30 days before the onset. The most important symptoms noted were weight gain, edema, dyspnea, oliguria and red or smoky urine. The most prominent physical signs were elevated blood pressure, edema, abnormalities in the chest and fever of over 100 degrees F. Fifteen patients showed roentgen evidence of pulmonary vascular congestion, pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, pneumonia or a combination of these abnormalities. All the patients had proteinuria and red blood cells in the urine, and half of them had red blood cell casts. Azotemia, when present, subsided in 9.4 days. The average diastolic pressure was 105 mm. of mercury and the mean fall was 26 mm. in 23.5 days. At six months, nine of the 13 patients still being observed continued to show proteinuria or microscopic hematuria (seven showed both). A late follow-up of ten patients showed one to have significant hypertension and one to have early functional impairment and inconstant proteinuria. In these cases the average blood pressure was 140/91 mm. as compared with 119/74 mm. at the time of discharge. Sporadic glomerulonephritis in adults presents essentially the same pattern as it does in children. Urinary abnormalities may persist for months or even years, and neither the present series nor those reported by others clearly reveal the ultimate prognosis.
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PMID:SPORADIC ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN ADULTS. 1873 27