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Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Indomethacin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and interferes with renin release; these effects were studied in rabbit renovascular hypertension. 2. Ten intravenous injections (3 mg day-1 kg-1 after two initial doses of 9 mg/kg) of indomethacin were given daily to ten normal rabbits, ten rabbits with two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension (2KH), tension (1KH). Twelve appropriate control rabbits received diluent phosphate buffer without indomethacin. Plasma renin activity and plasma prostaglandin E2 were measured by radioimmunoassay. 3. In the normal group, indomethacin significantly decreased plasma prostaglandin E2 (1-15 to 0-2 ng/ml, SEM 0-2; P less than 0-01) and plasma renin activity (20 to 3 ng h-1 ml-1, SEM 1, P less than 0-01). Plasma creatinine increased slightly but the mean blood pressure was not significantly changed by indomethacin. 4. Six of ten rabbits with 2KH showed results similar to those in the normal rabbits. In four of ten rabbits in which development of 2KH was accompanied by increments in plasma renin activity (18 to 31-5 ng h-1 ml-1, SEM 3 and 4 respectively; P less than 0-01) and plasma prostaglandin E2 (1-2 to 3-4 ng/ml, SEM 0-2 and 0-4 respectively; P less than 0-05), treatment with indomethacin produced renal failure (plasma creatinine increasing to 7-6 mg/100 ml), oliguria, malignant hypertension (mean blood pressure, 168 mmHg, SEM 7-7) and death within 5 days. 5. In 1KH, indomethacin decreased plasma renin activity and plasma prostaglandin E2, but caused increased mean blood pressure (102 to 121 mmHg, SEM 4 and 6 respectively; P less than 0-01) and decreased renal function (plasma creatinine 0-9 +/- 0-04 to 3-5 +/- 1 mg/100 ml, SEM 0-04 and 1 respectively; P less than 0-01). 6. Aggravation of hypertension was conditioned by pre-existing levels of renal function and, to a lesser extent, by plasma renin activities. 7. These results suggest that prostaglandins exert a protective effect on renal function in renovascular hypertension.
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PMID:Effects of indomethacin in rabbit renovascular hypertension. 107 20

Severe acute renal failure developed in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus which was characterized by typical skin rash, polyserositis, haemolytic anaemia and liver damage. Serological examination revealed anti-DNA antibodies in high concentrations, positive Coombs' test, excessive elevation of serum-IgG with markedly depressed serum complement fractions (C3, C4). Acute lupus nephritis led to prolonged oliguria and anuria requiring regular dialysis over almost five months. Immuno-suppressive treatment with cortisone and azathioprine finally reversed the renal failure: BUN returned to 33 mg/ 100 ml, with a plasma creatinine of 1.8 mg per 100 ml.
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PMID:[Haemodialysis for renal failure in a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (author's transl)]. 107 89

Thirty-four renal transplant recipients received drip infusion urograms from 2-24 days post-transplantation. Twenty-two patients exhibited changes in renal function within 1-4 days of the urogram that were indistinguishable from allograft rejection: a tender, swollen kidney, elevation of serum creatinine, oliguria, decreased urine sodium concentration, weight gain, and hypertension. Two patients developed acute tubular necrosis and required hemodialysis, but renal function in the remaining 20 patients improved after therapy for "graft rejection" with i.v. methyprednisolone sodium succinnate. Kidneys from older-age donors that were functioning suboptimally and kidneys which exhibited subsequent clinical allograft rejection were more at risk for contrast media toxicity. This suggests that occult vascular lesions may have been present in the allograft which were exacerbated when exposed to the irritant vascular effects of contrast media, producing a mild, reversible toxic nephritis. However, several kidneys with normal function and several kidneys which never exhibited rejection activity were also adversely affected by exposure to contrast media. It appears these agents should be used cautiously, if at all, in the early post-transplant period.
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PMID:Adverse effects of meglumine diatrizoate on renal function in the early post-transplant period. 110 14

Three patients with right renal tumors extending into the inferior vena cava underwent ligation of the left renal vein coincident with right nephrectomy and en bloc resection of the vena cava. Two patients exhibited no postoperative renal dysfunction while the third demonstrated renal dysfunction which cleared by 9 days postoperatively. Features of the temporary renal dysfunction included proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine levels, oliguria, hypertension, elevated peripheral venous renin level, as well as radiographic evidence of swelling the kidney. The collateral venous drainage of the left kidney makes it possible to ligate the main vein of a solitary kidney with survival of the patient. However, postoperative temporary renal dysfunction may occur and a plan to deal with this problem should be fromulated.
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PMID:Ligation of the renal vein in the solitary kidney: effects on renal function. 111 94

The case report of a 27-year-old woman who had been normotensive before her 1st pregnancy 6 years earlier is presented. At 2 months postdelivery she began taking estro-progesterone. She was given Enidrel R (norethynodrel 4.925 mg, mestranol .075 mg) for 18 months and then Ovariostat (lynestrenol 2.5 mg, mestranol .075 mg). Her blood pressure was not recorded until 2 years later when it was 180 mm Hg systolic. Contraceptive therapy was then stopped. A month later pregnancy occurred. At that time her blood pressure was 120 mm Hg. The delivery was normal. 4 months later she began taking Ovariostat again. Headaches soon developed and her blood pressure was found to be 270/150 mm Hg. On admission to the hospital 3 weeks later her blood pressure was 250/100 mm Hg. Renal failure was present. Creatinine clearance was 12 ml/minute. No cause for this hypertension was found. 1 month later hypertension was 210/160 mm Ha. Retinal hemorrhaging had lessened but azotemia persisted. Heart failure and oliguria followed. Dialysis was done weekly. A bilateral nephrectomy was done. Microscopic study of renal tissue showed malignant nephroangiosclerosis. After 10 days her blood pressure was 150/100 mm Hg. Her general condition improved. A salt-free diet was prescribed. Blood pressure subsided to 140/80 mm Hg before dialysis. A renal graft was done and 10 months later blood pressure was normal. These hypertensions are usually benign and subside when the contraceptive therapy is discontinued. When estrogen-progesterones are prescribed, blood pressures should be recorded frequently and therapy stopped if hypertension arises.
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PMID:Malignant hypertension with irreversible renal failure due to oral contraceptives. 119 51

In Mexico, approximately between 200 to 250 patients received a renal transplantation each year. Immediately after the surgical procedure it is important to evaluate the function of the transplanted kidney. Because some complications may arise mainly with unspecific symptoms which often produce oliguria, high levels of serum creatinine, fever and pain at the site of the graft. In this paper we report the nuclear medicine methodology, which we use in the diagnostic evaluation of this patients. These methods are highly specific and provide useful quantitative and qualitative information about these morphology and the function of the transplanted kidney.
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PMID:[The evaluation of the kidney transplant patient by nuclear medicine technics]. 130 26

University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solution has been reported to be beneficial for canine organ transplants and for human liver and pancreas transplants. To examine whether it affects renal graft survival, a randomised multicentre trial was conducted to compare its effect with that of EuroCollins solution on delayed graft function, renal function, and patient and graft survival in 695 recipients of cadaveric renal transplants. 352 kidneys were preserved with UW and 343 with EuroCollins solution. Delayed graft function occurred in 23% of the UW group and in 33% of the EuroCollins group (p = 0.003). Three factors other than type of preservation fluid were associated with a higher incidence of delayed graft function: older donor age, intracerebral haemorrhage in the donor, and oliguria in the donor. Renal function as indicated by serum creatinine concentration was better in the UW than in the EuroCollins group. Patient survival in the UW and EuroCollins groups after 1 year was 95% and 94%, respectively. In both groups, delayed graft function reduced 1-year graft survival by 15% (p = 0.0001). 1-year graft survival of UW-preserved kidneys was 6% higher than that of controls (88.2% vs 82.5%, p = 0.04). Delayed graft function is significantly associated with a reduction in 1-year graft survival. The preservation solution is the most important factor influencing development of delayed graft function, and UW solution is superior to EuroCollins solution in reducing occurrence of delayed graft function, improving graft function, extending graft survival.
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PMID:Effect of preservation solution on results of cadaveric kidney transplantation. The European Multicentre Study Group. 135 64

The Canadian Apheresis Study Group recently completed a randomized clinical trial involving 102 patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), in which treatment with plasma infusion and treatment with plasma exchange were compared. Thirty-three other patients were ineligible or refused to be randomly assigned in the trial. Of the 33 patients, 24 were assessed as ineligible because they would be unable to tolerate the fluid input that would occur if they were randomly assigned to receive plasma infusion. All 24 patients had oliguria and elevated creatinine and/or blood urea nitrogen level. These 24 patients were treated with acetylsalicyclic acid, dipyridamole, and plasma exchange according to the standardized protocol defined in the trial. Blood for tests of factors possibly involved in the pathogenesis of TTP was drawn before exchange and at intervals during and after exchange. The mean platelet count before exchange was 35.5 x 10(9) per L. In 12 of the 24 patients, the platelet count reached 150 x 10(9) per L or greater by 7 days after the initiation of plasma exchange. Three patients responded partially, in that their platelet count increased to at least twice that at presentation, but remained below 150 x 10(9) per L. One patient died during the first week. Of the eight other patients who experienced treatment failure at the 7-day assessment point, six subsequently responded, four while continuing to receive plasma exchange and two after plasma exchange had been discontinued. Of the 15 patients who either responded fully or responded partially by the end of the first cycle, all survived.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: outcome in 24 patients with renal impairment treated with plasma exchange. Canadian Apheresis Study Group. 141 77

To test the hypotheses that administering dopamine before and concurrently with indomethacin therapy would (1) increase successful ductal closure rate, (2) act by maintaining a diuresis, and (3) prevent oliguria or high serum creatinine concentrations, we conducted a randomized, controlled trial in infants whose gestational age was <36 weeks and who had hemodynamically significant ductus arteriosus. Thirty-six infants were selected to receive a continuous infusion of either placebo or dopamine at either a low dosage of 2 micrograms/kg per minute or a higher dosage of 5 micrograms/kg per minute, beginning 6 hours before the use of indomethacin and continuing until 12 hours after the third dose of indomethacin. A total of 12 patients were selected to receive placebo, 14 were selected to receive "low dopamine," and 10 were selected to receive "high dopamine." The three groups were similar in their initial characteristics. Serum creatinine concentrations, urine output, and fractional excretion of sodium were not different in the three groups after indomethacin treatment. Two patients receiving placebo required a second course of indomethacin compared with four patients in the low-dopamine group and one in the high-dopamine group. The proportion of failures of medical treatment was not statistically different among the three groups. We conclude that concomitant dopamine therapy neither decreases the failure rate in indomethacin-treated infants nor reduces the magnitude of the indomethacin-induced oliguria.
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PMID:Effect of dopamine on failure of indomethacin to close the patent ductus arteriosus. 832 Jun 14

Acute renal insufficiency after cardiopulmonary bypass can lead to a significant morbidity from fluid overload and electrolyte disturbance, impede pulmonary gas exchange, and postpone weaning from mechanical ventilation. The limitations placed on free water intake result in severe restriction of nutrition while diuretic therapy causes electrolyte imbalance. Artificial renal support either in the form of peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis may be complicated by sepsis and hemodynamic instability. We reviewed our experience with the use of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration, an extracorporeal technique for removal of solutes, toxins, and water in critically ill patients with cardiac failure complicated by acute renal insufficiency and hemodynamic instability after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ten infants and children with renal insufficiency caused by low cardiac output had continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration instituted for indications including sepsis, volume overload, oliguria for more than 24 hours nonresponsive to diuretic therapy, and the need for hyperalimentation. All were supported by mechanical ventilation and receiving high-dose inotropic support. Arterial and venous vascular access was successfully obtained by cannulation of the femoral artery and vein in nine patients. Anticoagulation of the circuit was achieved with heparin infusion (6 to 20 micrograms/kg/hr) and monitored by measurement of activated clotting time. The continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration circuit was replaced if there was clot formation, or at 3 days after placement. Dialysis solution (Dianeal) 1.5% or 0.5% was infused as prefilter dilution. With the use of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration, 20 to 100 m/hr of ultrafiltrate was removed, which allowed correction of hypervolemia, and caloric intake increased from 13.5 kcal/kg/day to 79.5 kcal/kg/day. Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration was maintained between 5 hours and 8 days and was well tolerated in all patients. Serum urea and creatinine levels declined during continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration. We conclude that continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration is a safe and effective method for fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and that it thus allows hyperalimentation in infants and children after cardiac operations.
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PMID:Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration after cardiac operations in infants and children. 143 99


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