Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventeen patients who had been admitted to hospital for wasp/bee sting were studied. Mild pyrexia was encountered in 7 patients, rash/urticaria in 3, angioneurotic oedema in 2, oliguria in 2, microscopic haematuria and albuminuria in 3, transient hypotension in 1. However, there were frequent elevations of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (9 out of 17 patients), serum creatine phosphokinase (14 out of 17 patients) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (8 out of 14 patients), indicating presence of damage to muscle fibres. This was confirmed by the histological findings of a muscle-biopsy from the most severe case. Elevation of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase was found in 6, and elevation of serum isocitrate dehydrogenase in 5 out of 14 patients, suggesting presence of liver damage. The above enzyme elevations appeared short-lived except in the clinically most severe patient (case 9) who developed acute tubular necrosis. All patients except the latter suffered no clinical sequelae and there was no correlation between their clinical condition and the presence or degree of elevations of serum enzymes.
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PMID:Elevated serum enzymes in patients with wasp/bee sting and their clinical significance. 124 43

Aniline and its halogenated derivatives are widely used as chemical intermediates. The purpose of this study was to determine the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential of the 2-haloanilines. Male Fischer 344 rats (n > or = 4) were injected (i.p.) with 1.0 or 1.25 mmol/kg of: aniline (A), 2-fluoroaniline (2-FA), 2-chloroaniline (2-ClA), 2-bromoaniline (2-BrA), 2-iodoaniline (2-IA) or vehicle (0.9% saline, 2.5 ml/kg). All compounds were injected as hydrochloride salts. Renal and hepatic function was monitored 24 h after treatment. All of the 2-haloanilines induced oliguria, diminished kidney weight, tubular casts and decreased renal cortical slice accumulation of organic anions. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were increased (P < 0.05) by treatment with 1.0 or 1.25 mmol/kg of 2-FA, 2-ClA or 2-BrA. Hepatic alterations were also observed and characterized by elevated plasma ALT/GPT activity and altered morphology in the centrilobular region. The nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic potentials were similar among the 2-haloanilines but aniline was less toxic than its 2-halo derivatives. These results demonstrated that halogen substitution at the 2-position of aniline increased hepatic and renal toxicity. However, the severity of toxicity was not influenced by the nature of the halogen substituent.
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PMID:Acute renal and hepatic toxicity of 2-haloanilines in Fischer 344 rats. 146 50

Nephropathy due to radiocontrast media presents with a wide spectrum of changes from reversible renal dysfunction to oliguria requiring dialysis. Nineteen patients (mean age 4.5 +/- 3.7 years) were included. Mean +/- SD values of the variables obtained before and 48 hours after angiography were the following: plasma creatinine: 0.6 +/- 0.10 and 0.6 +/- 0.16 mg/dl; endogenous creatinine clearance: 76.1 +/- 17.0 and 80.9 +/- 19.3 ml/min/1.73 m2; plasma osmolality: 279 +/- 23 and 298 +/- 39 mOsm/kg H2O; urine osmolality: 429 +/- 225 and 459 +/- 196 mOsm/kg H2O; fractional sodium excretion: 2.1 +/- 1.3% and 2.4 +/- 1.3%; plasma uric acid: 3.9 +/- 1.3 and 3.4 +/- 1.0 mg/dl; urinary AST/creatinine: 5.2 +/- 4.8 and 4.2 +/- 2.6 mU/mg; ALT/creatinine: 16.8 +/- 12.4 and 15.3 +/- 12.6 mU/mg; LDH/creatinine: 52.0 +/- 39.6 and 42.3 +/- 31.5 mU/mg; NAG/creatinine: 20.1 +/- 2.8 and 16.8 +/- 2.3 mU/mg, respectively. The changes in renal function parameters and urinary enzyme levels were insignificant statistically (p > 0.05). In conclusion, iopromid injection at maximum doses of 5 ml/kg does not result in injury to the tubular epithelium leading to increased urinary enzyme levels.
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PMID:Urinary enzyme changes in children undergoing cineangiographic evaluation using iopromid. 759 67

Haloanilines are commonly used as chemical intermediates in the manufacture of a wide range of products. The purpose of this study was to examine the in vivo nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic potentials of the 3-haloanilines. The in vitro effects of the 3-haloanilines on renal function were also examined. In the in vivo experiments, male Fischer 344 rats (four rats/group) were administered a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of an aniline hydrochloride (1.0 or 1.25 mmol kg-1) or vehicle. Renal and hepatic function were monitored at 24 and/or 48 h post-treatment. None of the 3-haloanilines were potent nephrotoxicants at either dose level. The greatest effects on renal function were observed following administration of 3-chloroaniline at a dose of 1.25 mmol kg-1 (oliguria, glucosuria, hematuria, decreased p-aminohippurate accumulation by renal cortical slices and increased blood urea nitrogen concentration). 3-Chloroaniline also was the only aniline compound to increase plasma ALT/GPT activity at 48 h. In the in vitro experiments, the ability of an aniline (10(-5) - 10(-3) M) to decrease organic ion accumulation in renal cortical slices from untreated rats was examined. The decreasing order of in vitro nephrotoxic potential was 3-iodoaniline > 3-bromoaniline > 3-chloroaniline > aniline > 3-fluoroaniline. These results indicate that the 3-haloanilines are not potent nephrotoxicants or hepatotoxicants at sublethal doses. In addition, the reasons why the 3-haloanilines have different orders of nephrotoxic potential in vivo and in vitro are not clear at this time.
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PMID:Acute renal and hepatic effects induced by 3-haloanilines in the Fischer 344 rat. 778 60

We report a case of sporadic acute type A hepatitis associated with acute renal failure, due to mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis. A 42 year-old-man was admitted to Mitsui Memorial Hospital because of jaundice and oliguria with fever in February, 1989. His serum creatinine was 12.2 mg/dl, BUN 87 mg/dl, GOT 57 U/l and GPT 358 U/l. The serum IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus was positive, which indicated recent infection with hepatitis A virus. Hemodialysis and steroidal therapy were started, and the patient's acute renal failure and liver dysfunction ameliorated within one month. Light microscopic examinations showed an increased number of mesangial cells and an increased amount of mesangial matrix, and also showed inflammatory cell invasion in the interstitium. Electron microscopic examinations showed proliferation of mesangial cells and matrix, and a dense deposit along the basement membrane. On immunofluoresent studies, fine granular deposits of IgA and Clq were observed in the mesangium.
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PMID:[A case of sporadic acute type A hepatitis associated with acute renal failure]. 807 27

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic leptospires and is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, varying from inappearent infection to fulminant, fetal disease. Eighty-five to 90% of leptospirosis infections are self-limiting. However, 5-10% of infection by L. interrogans can cause renal tubular damage, microvascular injury, acute renal failure (ARF), and interstitial nephritis. We studied 36 patients with leptospirosis. Twenty-seven (65%) cases of 36 patients had ARF. Fourteen (51%) had nonoliguric ARF. In thirteen (48%) oliguria appeared on the third or fourth days of hospitalization. Serum BUN, creatinine, serum bilirubine, ALT, AST, potassium and thrombocytopenia levels were higher in oliguric than nonoliguric patients (p < 0.05). However, serum sodium, CPK levels were not different between oliguric and nonoliguric groups (p > 0.05). Thirteen patients (48%) needed in renal replacement therapy (RRT). 8 of them were treated by hemodialysis (HD) alone and 5 patients by HD in combination with hemoperfusion. Twenty-five patients (92%) recovered completely after 3-5 weeks. Two patients (7.4%) who had severe hepatorenal and hemorrhagic syndromes, died. We concluded that till now leptospirosis is actual problem for nephrologist in the developing countries because of very high percentage of renal disease, with good prognosis in patients without multiorgan failure and early treatment.
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PMID:Acute renal failure in leptospirosis in the black-sea region in Turkey. 1209 Mar 20

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially fatal condition associated with the use of ovulation-inducing drugs. We describe a 28-year-old woman who presented with ascites, oliguria and vomiting. Over 2 weeks, the combination of intractable vomiting, intravenous rehydration, paracentesis, hypercatabolism and proteinuria led to severe hypoalbuminaemia with gross oedema and progressively worsening liver function. The patient's albumin dropped to 9 g/l with liver function abnormalities peaking at: alanine aminotransferase, 462 IU/l; alkaline phosphatase, 706 IU/l; bilirubin, 26 micromol/l; and prothrombin time, 19 s. The judicious use of paracentesis and commencement of total parenteral nutrition coincided with a rapid clinical improvement. One month after discharge, the patient was asymptomatic with normal liver function. This case demonstrates the severity of malnutrition and liver dysfunction that can occur with severe OHSS. Increasing use of in-vitro fertilization techniques makes it mandatory for clinicians to be aware of the clinical features, complications and treatment of this condition, and we would suggest that patients with severe OHSS should be jointly managed by physicians and obstetricians.
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PMID:A severe case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome with liver dysfunction and malnutrition. 1216 89

A 66-year-old man with erysipelas was admitted with complaints of oliguria and massive proteinuria/hematuria. He was diagnosed as having acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis(APSGN) due to erysipelas infected by group A streptococcus pyogenes. On admission, his white cell count increased to 31,000, and CRP was 27.3 mg/dl. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine were increased to 90.1 mg/dl and 4.5 mg/dl, respectively. He had diabetes mellitus(HbA1c 7.9%) and liver dysfunction(total bilirubin 3.5 mg/dl, AST 76 IU, ALT 41 IU) caused by alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Hypocomplementemia was found in addition to ASO 216 U/ml and ASK 10,240 x. After antibiotics treatment was initiated, inflammation of the erysipelas began to improve. Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, probably due to sepsis, occurred on the 5th hospital day. He died of gastrointestinal bleeding on the 18th hospital day. Renal autopsy revealed 37% formation of fibrocellular crescents, and marked mesangiolysis was noted by light microscopy. Granular deposition of C3 and IgG was seen along the capillary walls on immunofluorescence study. Intramembranous deposits were scattered on electron microscopy. This case illustrates a fulminant type of APSGN, which was in part attributed to the presence of diabetes and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Histological findings of crescent formation and marked mesangiolysis may account for the fulminant clinical course.
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PMID:[A case of fulminant acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis showing mesangiolysis and crescent formation preceded by erysipelas]. 1247 94

Legionella pneumophyla is the agent responsible of Legionnaire's disease. It appears as a severe pneumonia and often requires admission in Intensive Care Unit. In literature, renal failure is reported to occur in 15 percent of Legionnaire disease and this event induce a mortality over 50% of these cases. The authors describe a case of Legionnaire's pneumonia with respiratory failure, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. Patient was a female, 61 yrs old, admitted to our hospital because of fever (38 degrees-38.5 degrees C), severe respiratory failure (pH = 7.49, PaCO2 = 23.1 mmHg, PaO2 = 56.7 mmHg), oliguria (< 200 ml/24 h); chest x-rays and computed tomography (TC) showed a pneumonia at right lower lobe. Among other things, in blood analysis was noted the following values: BUN = 47 mg/dl, creatinine = 2.1 mg/dl, Na+ = 133 mmol/L, Cl- = 97 mmol/L, Ca+ = 7.2 mg/dl, K+ = 5.8 mmol/L, AST = 213 U/L, ALT = 45 U/L, LDH = 1817 U/L, CPK = 16738 U/L, CPK-MB = 229 U/L, myoglobin > 4300 ng/ml., leucocyte count = 17,500/mmc (N = 92%, L = 3%, M = 5%), positive anti Legionella IgG and IgM (IgG > 1:64, IgM > 1:96), evidence of Legionella soluble antigen in the urine analysis. Therapy with clarytromicyne (500 mg b.i.d i.v.) and rifampicin (600 mg/die i.v.) was begun; computed tomography showed after six days an improvement of pulmonary lesion but, in the following days, health status and blood analysis got worse. Patient went on antibiotics and underwent haemotherapy (Hb: 8 gr/dl), haemodialysis because of acute renal failure but healthy status worse furthermore and she died on 18th days after admission. This case point out rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure is suggestive for Legionnaire's disease and is associated with high rate of mortality.
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PMID:[Legionnaire's pneumonia with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. A case report]. 1294 1

We retrospectively analyzed patients with leptospirosis (n = 35), scrub typhus (n = 45), and coinfection (leptospirosis and scrub typhus [n = 7]) to facilitate the detection of coinfection. Our data showed that factors favoring these disease entities included animal contact, an aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio > 2 (for leptospirosis); outdoor exposure, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, eschar, and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels (for scrub typhus and coinfection); calf tenderness, conjunctival suffusion, jaundice, oliguria, elevated total bilirubin levels and serum creatinine levels (for leptospirosis and coinfection); and maculopapular rash (for scrub typhus). Patients at risk for leptospirosis are often at increased risk for scrub typhus and vice versa. Lack of knowledge of coinfection may jeopardize the health of affected patients. Our study serves as a reminder of potential coinfection and provides clues for its detection.
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PMID:Coinfection with leptospirosis and scrub typhus in Taiwanese patients. 1782 72


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