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Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In decompensated hepatic cirrhosis the glomerular filtration rate is reduced. Use of diuretics frequently leads to hyponatraemia, hypotension, hypovolaemia and oliguria. The ensuing renal insufficiency is reversible when the peritoneal fluid is redirected into the vascular system. For this purpose a subcutaneously implantable pump developed by Agishi was used in a 37-year-old patient permitting drainage of the ascites from the peritoneal cavity into the superior vena cava using an actively operated pumping mechanism. Use of the pump in the patient abolished the ascites, considerably improved renal function, equilibrated electrolyte metabolism and improved renal response to diuretics.
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PMID:[Diuretic resistant ascites in hepatic cirrhosis and renal insufficiency (author's transl)]. 46 46

A crude muscle extract infused into rats produced oliguria, a precipitous drop in total hemolytic complement, and in circulating white cell and platelets counts. A mild vaso-depressor effects was noted. These changes were not produced by myoglobin or saline infusion. Muscle constituents other than myoglobin are responsible for the systemic and renal nephrotoxic effects observed.
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PMID:Renal injury after muscle extract infusion in rats: absence of toxicity with myoglobin. 46

A 62-year-old man spread maneb on about 200 sq m of garden and subsequently was taken to the emergency clinic with complaints of oliguria, diarrhea, and hoarseness. Based on the clinicobiochemical data, he was found to have acute renal failure; the serum levels of BUN, creatinine, and potassium were 144.3 mg/dL, 14 mg/dL, and 5.8 mEq/L, respectively. The ST segment depression in V4-6, reciprocal ST segment elevation in V1-3, and inverted T waves in V5 and V6 were recorded on ECGs. Both the renal failure and the ECG abnormalities disappeared after hemodialysis. The possibility exists that the maneb caused the acute renal failure.
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PMID:Acute renal failure and maneb (manganous ethylenebis[dithiocarbamate]) exposure. 49 Aug 86

The diagnostic value of renal concentrating capacity expressed as free water clearance (CH2O), in comparison with other routine criteria for the early identification of acute renal failure (ARF), was evaluated in 1,203 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures. On the basis of the appearance of pathologic CH2O values in the range of -20 to 0 ml/hour or more positive, reversible or irreversible ARF was observed in 90 (= 7.5%) of our patients. Mortality in the presence of ARF was 47%; total ARF mortality was 3.5%. CH2O was pathologic for the first time on an average of 1.6 days after operation. In contrast, routine ARF criteria reported in the literature, such as serum urea and creatinine at varying substrate levels or oliguria, allowed diagnosis 1 to 5.5 days later. Moreover, these parameters only partially and less frequently met the criteria for ARF at the different levels. Likewise, the incidence of ARF decreased to a minimum of 1.7% and the total ARF mortality to 1.3%, depending on the severity of the criteria used. Altogether, the occurrence of pathologic CH2O values proved to be the earliest, most frequent and most reliable criterion for the recognition of ARF following cardiac surgery with cardiac-pulmonary bypass.
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PMID:The diagnosis of acute renal failure (ARF) following cardiac surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass. 49 20

Isolated ultrafiltration (removal of plasma water and solute without dialysis) was used as a "last resort" therapy in three patients with diuretic and pressor resistant oliguria complicating severe volume overload and vascular shock. The improvement in clinical and hemodynamic parameters is reported and the possible mechanisms of action (decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and increased colloid osmotic pressure) are discussed.
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PMID:Isolated ultrafiltration in the therapy of volume overload accompanying oliguric vascular shock states. 49 2

Studies showing diminished cortical perfusion and reduced glomerular filtration in acute renal failure are apparently at odds with reports of a persistent nephrogram during urography in this disease. We followed the progression of nephrograms in eight dehydrated normal rats, in seven dehydrated rats treated with 12 mg/kg of mercuric chloride (nephrotoxic acute renal failure), and in nine dehydrated rats receiving 5 g/kg of IM-glycerol (myoglobinuric acute renal failure). To assess the capacity of our technique to identify a persistent, dense nephrogram, hemorrhagic hypotension (mean arterial pressure, 55-70 mm Hg) was induced in three rats. All rats showed nephrograms on magnification radiographs 1 minute following the injection of 1 cc/lb of sodium diatrizoate. Duplicate coded readings showed no prolongation of nephrograms in ARF-affected animals. Only the hypotensive rats manifested nephrograms on 2-hour radiographs. Some differing characteristics of nephrograms among the groups are explainable on the basis of differences in renal blood flow, as determined in separate experiments. Our findings would favor a preglomerular mechanism as the cause of oliguria in acute renal failure.
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PMID:Absence of a persistent nephrogram in experimental acute renal failure. 50 Mar 6

A female paraplegic developed intraperitoneal rupture of urinary bladder seven weeks after institution of indwelling urethral catheter drainage. Blockage of the catheter precipitated this fatal event. Oliguria after an initial encouraging urinary output despite adequate fluid replacement led us to suspect bladder rupture which was confirmed by urgent cystography. Although emergency laparotomy to repair the rent in the bladder was performed, she succumbed to gram-negative septicemia. Other hazards of indwelling urethral catheter drainage even for short periods are highlighted (though the above complication itself is admittedly rare) with an oft re-emphasised plea to consider earlier the alternative modality of intermittent catheterisation or pharmacotherapy in female patients.
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PMID:Fatal intra-peritoneal bladder rupture due to blocked catheter in a paraplegic. 50 58

Possible relation between the changes in the penicillin pharmacokinetics and coagulograms under the effect of trypsin in rats and man was analysed. It was found that parenteral administration of the enzyme was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the penicillin blood level, oliguria, a decrease in the antibiotic amount excreted with urine and drop of the fibrinogen level in plasma. The latter is consequent on intravascular coagulation which results in temporary impairment of the excretion function of the kidneys defining the changes in the penicillin pharmacokinetics under the effect of trypsin.
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PMID:[Mechanism of the effect of proteolytic enzymes on antibiotic pharmacokinetics]. 51 51

Icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis is a zoonosis which is relatively frequent in rural agricultural or cattle areas. In the severe forms of the disease renal affection is frequent, but the incidence of acute renal insufficiency is far lesser. Three cases of acute renal insufficiency in adult male patients secondary to an infection by Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae are presented. Two of the patients resided in urban areas and only one of which presented professional risk. The clinical polymorphysm of the illness is confirmed, having observed not only the absence of fever but also that of jaundice. The former history of chronic alcoholism, present in two cases, determined diagnostic difficulties with acute alcoholic hepatitis. The serologic diagnosis is often positive only at the end of the second week, and the need to carry out a series of seroaglutinations is to be insisted upon. The types of renal impairment in leptospirosis are reviewed and the presence of acute renal insufficiency is stressed, including those patients with less severe forms of the disease, and especially those without Weil's syndrome. All of the patients had to be treated with dialysis, although two of them had a conserved diuresis after an initial brief period of oliguria.
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PMID:[Icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis with acute renal failure (author's transl)]. 52 71

Over a period of 2 years, 82 patients out of 2,390 (3.43%) admitted to an intensive care unit developed acute renal failure (ARF). The diagnosis of ARF was based on the usual criteria of oliguria, a rising blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, urine sodium concentration greater than 20 mmol/l and a U/P osmolality ratio less than 1.1. In 9.2% of patients the latter two criteria were misleading. Sepsis was the commonest cause of vasomotor nephropathy but in 20.7% potentially nephrotoxic agents had been administered before development of ARF. Overall mortality was 73.2%, with patients older than 50 years of age having the highest mortality. ARF is associated with prolonged bed occupancy--an average of 59.8 days for the dialysed patients with ARF versus an average length of stay of 8.4 days for the hospital overall.
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PMID:Aetiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of acute renal failure in an intensive care unit. 54 32


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