Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 73-year-old woman was admitted with generalized lymphadenopathy, marked protrusion of the abdomen, severe systemic edema, oliguria, and dyspnea. Histological examination of a cervical lymph node specimen showed a typical structure of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. CT scan revealed whole paraaortic lymphadenopathy, marked edematous lesions in the subcutaneous tissues and mesenterium, but small amounts of pleural effusion and ascites. This patient achieved complete remission after 5 courses of chemotherapy, a first course of CHOP followed by 4 courses of hyper CVAD plus high-dose MTX/AraC regimen alternatively. Her body weight was 58 kg on the day of admission and decreased to 41kg after 5 courses of chemotherapy, accompanied with symptomatic improvement. We checked the kinetics of serum Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations during the 5 courses of chemotherapy. Pretreatment serum level of VEGF was high and declined gradually within the normal range. The serum VEGF value was positively correlated with body weight (r = 0.95). Immunohistochemical study of the biopsy specimen revealed that endothelia of the venules and some dendritic cells were positive for VEGF. We speculated that significant edematous changes in this patient were associated with VEGF, which is known as a vascular permeability factor based on its ability to induce vascular leakage.
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PMID:[Severe systemic edema correlated with serum VEGF titer in a patient with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma]. 1808 May 9

The advantages of minimally invasive therapy can be utilised in the surgical disorders of pregnant patients. To our knowledge, there has not been a previous report describing laparoscopic management of diaphragmatic hernia (with mesh) in pregnancy. A 23-year-old pregnant (second trimester) woman was admitted with vomiting, epigastric pain, oliguria and dyspnoea of one month duration. Investigations revealed posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia of Bochdalek with gastric volvulus. Successful laparoscopic mesh-plasty of the diaphragmatic hernia was performed without mortality or morbidity to both mother and child. Principles of laparoscopic surgery for diaphragmatic hernias remain the same. Pregnancy poses challenges to both surgeon and anaesthetist due to changes in the physiology. Acute diseases that threaten the life of mother and child have to be dealt with urgently. We conclude that even complex laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy is feasible.
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PMID:Laparoscopic mesh repair of a Bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia with acute gastric volvulus in a pregnant patient. 1820 56

Nineteen adults who had acute glomerulonephritis were reviewed with respect to the clinical course and long-term follow-up. The age range was from 17 to 55 years. Only one patient died during the acute episode. In 11 cases, onset occurred between November and January and 15 of the patients had a known respiratory tract infection three to 30 days before the onset. The most important symptoms noted were weight gain, edema, dyspnea, oliguria and red or smoky urine. The most prominent physical signs were elevated blood pressure, edema, abnormalities in the chest and fever of over 100 degrees F. Fifteen patients showed roentgen evidence of pulmonary vascular congestion, pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, pneumonia or a combination of these abnormalities. All the patients had proteinuria and red blood cells in the urine, and half of them had red blood cell casts. Azotemia, when present, subsided in 9.4 days. The average diastolic pressure was 105 mm. of mercury and the mean fall was 26 mm. in 23.5 days. At six months, nine of the 13 patients still being observed continued to show proteinuria or microscopic hematuria (seven showed both). A late follow-up of ten patients showed one to have significant hypertension and one to have early functional impairment and inconstant proteinuria. In these cases the average blood pressure was 140/91 mm. as compared with 119/74 mm. at the time of discharge. Sporadic glomerulonephritis in adults presents essentially the same pattern as it does in children. Urinary abnormalities may persist for months or even years, and neither the present series nor those reported by others clearly reveal the ultimate prognosis.
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PMID:SPORADIC ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN ADULTS. 1873 27

Prader-Willi syndrome is an uncommon multisystem genetic disorder caused by defects of chromosome 15 (15qll-ql3), often due to deletions or uniparental disomy The syndrome is characterized by neonatal hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features, short stature, motor and mental disabilities, behavioral changes, hyperphagia, precocious obesity and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We present a 17 year-old woman, with a previous genetic diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome and BMI of 74 Kg/m(2), that was admitted in anasarca, with marked cyanosis, dyspnea and oliguria. She presented high levels of blood urea, creatinine and aminotransferases, in addition to hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia. She had been in regular use of fluoxetine during the last six months, and evolved with severe high blood pressure and respiratory failure, which needed intensive care support. Moreover, sequels and clear signs of recent self-injuries were observed in her trunk, forearms and hands. The findings of morbid obesity, anasarca, self-injury, hyperuricemia and hypoxemia in Prader-Willi syndrome are emphasized.
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PMID:Morbid obesity in an adolescent with Prader-Willi syndrome. 1954 50

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a major cause of hospitalizations. Severe dyspnea, pulmonary congestion and low cardiac output with peripheral vasoconstriction and renal hypoperfusion is a main form of clinical presentation. Most patients with acute worsening have a pre-existing decompensated chronic heart failure (ADCHF), but AHF may also occur as a first manifestation of a previously unknown heart disease. Myocardial ischemia, cardiac arrhythmias, non-compliance with medication and infections are frequent precipitating factors. Management of AHF depends on the underlying heart disease and cause of decompensation. In patients with ADCHF vasodilators and iv diuretics are first-line drugs for rapid reduction of dyspnea and congestion. In patients with signs of low cardiac output and oliguria, inotropic agents are also often administered to prevent further deterioration. Beta-adrenergic agents and phosphodiesterase inhibitors correct the hemodynamic disturbance, but may also induce arrhythmias and worsen myocardial ischemia. Inotropic therapy therefore remains controversial. A novel class of drugs, the calcium sensitizers, represent a new therapeutic option. Levosimendan was shown to improve myocardial contractility without increasing oxygen requirements and to produce peripheral and coronary vasodilation. Its therapeutic effects and tolerance have been tested in several trials. The present review focuses on the clinical pharmacology and therapeutic utility of levosimendan in patients with ADCHF.
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PMID:Newer treatments for decompensated heart failure: focus on levosimendan. 1992 Sep 23

An 80-year-old woman was admitted with dyspnea. She had been treated with oral prednisolone for bronchial asthma. She was intravenously treated with dexamethasone. On the 9th day, she presented oliguria and thrombocytopenia. She was diagnosed as dehydration and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and was treated with hydration and heparin infusion. On the 12th day, she presented macroscopic hematuria and melena. Cystoscopy revealed hemorrhagic cystitis. Bone marrow aspiration showed hemophagocytosis. Serum antigen of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was positive. CD4+ T cell count was very low (40/microL). She was diagnosed as disseminated CMV infection, and was treated with gancyclovir and immunoglobulin infusion. On the 14th day, she died of pneumonia. This is the first report of fatal CMV infection during corticosteroid therapy for bronchial asthma.
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PMID:Fatal cytomegalovirus infection with CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia during corticosteroid therapy for bronchial asthma. 2015 55

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most common cause of death in hospitalized patients. Diagnosis is often missed because of a non-homogeneous clinical picture. We present a case of an 89-year-old patient with an acquired murmur associated with pulmonary embolism. When examined by a family physician the patient had no symptoms typical for PE. During hospitalization, dyspnoea was exacerbated; a non-productive cough, chest pain and oliguria were observed. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed, but because of the renal failure diagnosis was not confirmed by angio-CT.
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PMID:An 89-year-old patient with acquired murmur associated with pulmonary embolism. 2229 39

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) primarily causes respiratory tract infections in persons aged 5-20 years. Tracheobronchitis and bronchopneumonia are the most commonly recognized clinical symptoms associated with M. pneumoniae infection. Complications of this infection are unusual; in particular, cardiac involvement is very rare and is generally accompanied by pneumonia. Nonrespiratory illness can therefore involve direct invasion by M. pneumoniae or autoimmune mechanisms, as suggested by the frequency of cross reaction between human antigens and M. pneumoniae. Herein, we report a case of severe acute myopericarditis with pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae in a healthy young child who presented with fever, lethargy, oliguria and dyspnea. She survived with aggressive therapy including clarithromycin, intravenous immunoglobulin, inotropics, and diuretics. The patient was discharged on the 19th day after admission and followed up 1 month thereafter at the outpatient clinic without sequelae.
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PMID:A case of acute myopericarditis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child. 2317 Jan 1

An adult male labourer, a smoker and alcoholic was admitted to our hospital with a short history of fever, myalgia, breathlessness and oliguria. On examination he was icteric and hypotensive. Calf muscle tenderness was present. A provisional diagnosis of leptospirosis was made and he was started on treatment with crystalline penicillin. Blood pressure (BP) did not improve with fluids. Inotropes were started. The patient was taken for Slow Low Efficiency Daily Dialysis (SLEDD) during which he developed chest pain. ECG showed an anterolateral myocardial infarction (MI). He also complained of breathlessness and haemoptysis. Antiplatelets were withheld in view of thrombocytopaenia and haemoptysis; heparin could not be given because of the deranged coagulation parameters. The patient was managed symptomatically with nitrates. After the BP improved SLEDD was restarted. On day 3 of admission the patient became tachypnoeic and hypoxic, bilateral coarse crackles were present on auscultation. He was intubated and mechanically ventilated. Suctioning of endotracheal tube revealed fresh blood, and chest CT revealed alveolar haemorrhage. In spite of aggressive resuscitative measures, mechanical ventilation and antibiotics, the patient expired on the 12th day following admission.
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PMID:Therapeutic dilemma in a case of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). 2336 65

Organ dysfunctions caused by intraabdominal hypertension is named as abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). A patient with prostate cancer admitted with dyspnea and oliguria. After decompression his health status improved. For patients with malignant disorders presented with oliguria and respiratory problems who have abdominal distension, ACS should be in mind.
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PMID:Acute kidney injury due to abdominal compartment syndrome caused by duodenal metastases of prostate cancer. 2627 57


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