Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028961 (oliguria)
 1,847 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 16-year-old girl was referred to our hospital complaining of a huge abdominal mass and ascites. Cells from the ascites were morphologically compatible with Burkitt's cells. These cells had surface immunoglobulin (gamma and kappa chain) and were positive for B-cell monoclonal antibody (L21, 24). Small numbers of the same cells were present in the bone marrow. Soon after the beginning of chemotherapy, oliguria, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia caused by "tumor lysis" developed. Peritoneal dialysis was not effective, and the patient died of acute renal failure. Autopsy revealed no tumor cells in her body.
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PMID:[Abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma developing the tumor lysis syndrome following chemotherapy]. 378 85

In order to determine the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis-associated acute renal failure (RM-ARF) and assess the effect of oliguria on biochemical features in this condition, 127 cases of ARF seen over 18 months were reviewed. Eleven cases of RM-ARF were seen, a prevalence of 8.6% of all cases of ARF. There were ten males and one female (age range 15-72 years) with precipitating events being trauma in three, coma in two, infection in two and other causes in five. Ten had concurrent clinical or historical evidence of dehydration, two had mild hypokalemia, and one abused alcohol. Serum and urine myoglobin by radioimmunoassay were greater than 800 ng/l in all cases tested. False negative tests for urine myoglobin by o-tolidine reaction after (NH4)2SO4 extraction occurred in four cases. Despite attempted forced saline diuresis and urinary alkalinisation, seven became oliguric and required dialysis for 12-81 days. Initially (pre-dialysis) oliguric patients had significantly higher maximum serum levels of potassium, phosphate, and rate of rise of creatinine, significantly lower trough levels of calcium, and no significant difference in peak creatine phosphokinase or uric acid levels than non-oliguric patients. Two subjects developed recovery phase hypercalcemia, four required fasciotomy for compartment syndromes, three sustained permanent nerve damage, and three required limb amputation. Ten survived, with a mean creatinine clearance of 96 ml/min after nine to 30 months. RM-ARF is common, may be clinically occult and show false negative urine myoglobin tests. Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia are more common in oliguric than in non-oliguric RM-ARF, but both have a good prognosis with appropriate medical and surgical management.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. 386 39

The acute tumor lysis syndrome occurs rarely in nonhematologic malignancies. This patient, a 34-year-old woman with metastatic medulloblastoma, was receiving palliative radiotherapy for a rapidly expanding abdominopelvic mass. After a total of 300 rad, the patient developed the biochemical hallmarks of the acute tumor lysis syndrome, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. This was complicated by oliguria from hyperuricemic acute renal failure. The patient responded well to hydration, alkaline diuresis, phosphate and potassium binders, and allopurinol. The potential for acute tumor lysis syndrome should be anticipated when treating metastatic medulloblastoma.
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PMID:Acute tumor lysis syndrome with metastatic medulloblastoma. A case report. 619 3

Tumor lysis syndrome, which develops after effective therapy of malignant conditions and leads to hyperuricemia, hyperkaliemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase, is uncommon in solid tumors. In breast carcinoma it can be associated with tamoxifen flare, i.e. a transient increase in symptoms, mainly bone pain, observed shortly after the start of tamoxifen therapy. We report the case of a patient with advanced breast carcinoma involving the pleural space, unresponsive to combined chemotherapy, who experienced rapid worsening after the initiation of letrozole. Her symptoms included shock, bilateral pleural effusion, cardiac tamponade and oliguria. Laboratory parameters disclosed elevated transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, uric acid and D-dimer blood levels. The patient was in critical condition for nearly 2 weeks. She improved progressively and has remained well and in complete remission for 20 months. This clinical picture suggests increased damage to the pleura (and probably the pericardium) and rapid leakage of tumor products, following the start of endocrine therapy. Letrozole is a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor which is used in advanced breast cancer, resistant to first-line endocrine/chemotherapeutic treatment. Our review of the literature did not disclose any other descriptions of flare and tumor lysis syndrome after aromatase inhibitor therapy. Moreover, this case was characterized by atypical and complex clinical features. The aim of this presentation is to point out the practical significance, in neoplastic patients, of the differential diagnosis between symptoms due to tumor progression and those associated with anomalous reactions to therapy.
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PMID:Flare and tumor lysis syndrome with atypical features after letrozole therapy in advanced breast cancer. A case report. 1168 58

Acute renal failure may be caused by a failure of renal perfusion (pre-renal failure), damage to the renal parenchyma (intrinsic renal failure) or obstruction of the urinary tract (post-renal failure). Most cases of intrinsic renal failure in the newborn are due to asphyxia, often in combination with sepsis and nephrotoxic drugs. Persistent elevation of the plasma creatinine concentration above 132.5 micromol/l (1.5mg/dl) is widely accepted as a diagnostic criterion. Oliguria or anuria may occur but is not always present. Post-renal failure is diagnosed by renal ultrasonography and is treated by relief of the obstruction. Pre-renal and post-renal failure can be distinguished by an analysis of urinary indices, especially the fractional sodium excretion, and by the response to fluid replacement. The conservative management of intrinsic renal failure includes careful attention to fluid balance, maintenance of adequate nutrition and prevention or correction of hyperkalemia, acidosis and hyperphosphatemia. Severe cases may require dialysis: peritoneal dialysis is used in most cases, but extracorporeal methods, including intermittent hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration, are possible. Congenital chronic renal failure, usually caused by renal dysplasia with or without obstruction, presents in a manner similar to that of acute renal failure, with a progressive deterioration of plasma biochemical values. Dialysis is rarely necessary in the newborn period. The conservative management of chronic renal failure is similar to that of acute renal failure, with particular emphasis on nutrition, control of acidosis and the prevention of renal osteodystrophy by the use of dietary phosphate binders and vitamin D analogs.
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PMID:Management of acute and chronic renal failure in the newborn. 1500 Nov 36

A review of records from the AnTox database of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Animal Poison Control Center identified 43 dogs that developed increased blood urea nitrogen concentration, serum creatinine concentration, or both as well as clinical signs after ingesting grapes, raisins, or both. Clinical findings, laboratory findings, histopathological findings, treatments performed, and outcome were evaluated. All dogs vomited, and lethargy, anorexia, and diarrhea were other common clinical signs. Decreased urine output, ataxia, or weakness were associated with a negative outcome. High calcium x phosphorus product (Ca x P), hyperphosphatemia, and hypercalcemia were present in 95%, 90%, and 62% of the dogs in which these variables were evaluated. Extremely high initial total calcium concentration, peak total calcium concentration, initial Ca x P, and peak Ca x P were negative prognostic indicators. Proximal renal tubular necrosis was the most consistent finding in dogs for which histopathology was evaluated. Fifty-three percent of the 43 dogs survived, with 15 of these 23 having a complete resolution of clinical signs and azotemia. Although the mechanism of renal injury from grapes and raisins remains unclear, the findings of this study contribute to an understanding of the clinical course of acute renal failure that can occur after ingestion of grapes or raisins in dogs.
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PMID:Acute renal failure in dogs after the ingestion of grapes or raisins: a retrospective evaluation of 43 dogs (1992-2002). 1623 10

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a rare complication of carcinoid syndrome. A 61-year-old man developed carcinoid syndrome 51 months after pneumonectomy for bronchial carcinoid, and 8 episodes of AKI 101 to 118 months after pneumonectomy. Serum chromogranin A and urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were elevated for more than 1 year before AKI occurred. Each episode was characterized by flushing, facial edema, mild diarrhea, necrosis of hepatic metastatic nodules, mild oliguria, hyponatremia, acidosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hyperphosphatemia. He did not have elevated urine sodium levels or osmolality, hypotension or hypertension. Plasma levels of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine, measured during a single episode, were markedly elevated. Serum creatinine levels returned to normal after most episodes. Hyponatremia persisted but was more severe during AKI. Elevated plasma levels of vasoactive substances other than 5-hydroxytryptamine, perhaps dopamine or other catecholamines, could explain recurrent AKI. The natriuretic effect of elevated plasma dopamine levels could explain chronic hyponatremia.
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PMID:Recurrent acute kidney injury associated with metastatic bronchial carcinoid. 2200 80