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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to find whether the type of diabetes and the duration of this disease causes any influence on gallbladder (GB) emptying, after exclusion of possible effect of obesity and a hyperglycaemia over 7 mmol/l (126 mg%) on this phenomenon. The investigations were carried out in 44 subjects with diabetes mellitus, among them 22 with type I and 22 with type II. These groups were divided according to disease duration: shorter or longer than 3 years. Two control groups (CI, CII) comprised each 20 healthy subjects. The age of CI and CII corresponded to the age of diabetes groups type I and II, respectively. All subgroups as well as the control groups were matched according to sex percentage structure, body mass index (BMI) and body surface (BS). In groups with type I and II diabetes, the number of cases with diabetic neuropathy was comparable. There was not found any significant (p > 0.05) influence of diabetes on the interdigestive GB volume, neither non-standardized nor standardized with regard to standard BS (1.73 m2). In comparison to the control groups, after a test meal, there was in all diabetic groups a statistically significant (0.001 > p < 0.05) reduction of GB emptying observed. This diminution was most expressed in the group with long-lasting type I diabetes.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1995 Apr
PMID:[Interdigestive gallbladder volume and and meal-induced gallbladder emptying in patients with diabetes]. 747 52

Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated LDL-cholesterol levels, lowered HDL-cholesterol levels, obesity and elevated blood pressure incidence were studied among 1151 school children from the Silesian region. Children whose parents had a positive history for cardiovascular disease were also analyzed. In 20.8% subjects at least one risk factor was found, in 5.6% subjects--two, in 1.6% subjects--three and in 0.8% subjects--four risk factors were present. Obesity was the most common risk factor and obese children were the most likely to be hypertensive or have dyslipoproteinemia.
Pediatr Pol 1995 Feb
PMID:[Atherosclerosis risk factors in school children from Silesia]. 760 96

In polycystic ovarian disease there is a strong association between hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism but not with obesity alone. The magnitude of peripheral insulin resistance is similar to that seen in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Mild hyperinsulinemia in PCOD patients is not impair the carbohydrate metabolism. The elimination of the cause of hyperandrogenism by bilateral oophorectomy, long-acting Gn-RH agonist or antiandrogen cyproterone acetate did not improve the associated insulin resistance. In opposition to insulin resistance in the tissues responsible for metabolism of carbohydrate, the ovary remains sensitive to the effects of pancreatic hormone. Presumably this mechanism involved the interaction with IGF-I receptors to stimulate thecal and stromal androgen production. Insulin may sensitize the stroma to the stimulatory effect of LH. In the mechanism of follicular arrest take part increased level of binding proteins for IGF-I, mainly IGFBP 2, -4 and 5 inhibit FSH and IGF-I action.
Ginekol Pol 1994 Oct
PMID:[Insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD)]. 772 20

70 women with previous (1983-1993) history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were examined in order to assess their present carbohydrate metabolism. The through examination together with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) according to WHO were performed. Also the level of glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c was measured. The following risk factors were analysed: obesity; arterial hypertension; family history of diabetes; number of past pregnancies; time that passed since the pregnancy with GDM; trimester in which GDM was diagnosed. In result 54% of all subjects were diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus, 19% had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The presence of diabetes or IGT significantly correlated with the number of past pregnancies, observation time and indirectly with family history of diabetes. Using both measurements of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin enables to diagnose nearly 80% of diabetes following GDM and as a diagnostic method is worth recommending for screening. Women who had GDM should be subjected to control examinations towards diabetes mellitus at least once a year.
Ginekol Pol 1994 Dec
PMID:[Evaluation of carbohydrate metabolism in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus]. 778 56

Glucose tolerance was assessed in 100 cases of adrenocortical hyperfunction (79-Cushing's disease and 21-Cushing's syndrome). Overt diabetes was found in 19 cases. Of the remaining 81 patients 37 had normal glucose tolerance, in 23 glucose tolerance was impaired and in 21 patients diabetes was diagnosed. Glucose tolerance expressed as 60 and 120 min glucose values did no correlate with hormonal parameters of adrenocortical hyperfunction nor with age of the patients and degree of obesity. The authors discuss the complex mechanism of the effect of glucocorticoid excess on glucose tolerance.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1994 Jul
PMID:[Glucose tolerance in adrenocortical hyperfunction. Analysis of 100 cases]. 797 80

107 patients, aged 40 to 87, after surgical intervention with diagnosis of uterine corpus cancer were clinically examined. 68.1 percent of them were 51 to 70 year old women. 20.5 percent had been never pregnant, and 22.47 been pregnant for one time. In 93.2 percent, corpus cancer was revealed after menopause. Among risk factors, there was observed: diabetes mellitus in 7.4%, hypertension in 35.5%, and obesity in 78% of cases. It was stated interdependence between the depth of uterine infiltration, parametrium metaplastic focuses, adnexa metaplastic focuses, cervix infiltration and decrease of adenocarcinoma maturity. The concord between biopsy and clinical stage I degree was stated in 86 percent of cases.
Ginekol Pol 1994 Apr
PMID:[Clinical analysis of patients surgically treated for cancer in the body of the uterus]. 798 21

The study was aimed at investigating the effect of monosodium glutamate administered during the perinatal period on the reproductive system of sexually mature male rats. Monosodium glutamate (at a dose of 4 mg/g of body weight) or hypertonic saline was administered subcutaneously to newborn rats at 2--nd, 4-th, 6-th, 8-th and 10-th day of life. At the age of four months the rats were killed and histological and morphometric examinations of testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles and ventral prostate were carried out. Blood serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and 17-beta-estradiol were determined by radioimmunoassay. The administration of monosodium glutamate caused inhibition of growth, obesity and decrease in weight of pituitary glands and testes. Blood serum levels of and FSH as well as the height of epithelial cells of accessory sexual glands remained unchanged, whereas testosterone level was lowered.
Endokrynol Pol 1993
PMID:[Effect of perinatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the reproductive system of the male rat]. 805 18

The concentrations of beta-endorphin, ACTH, insulin (IRI), glucagon (IRG), cortisol and growth hormone were determined by radioimmunoassay during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed in 13 obese patients with normal glucose tolerance and without arterial hypertension. The test was performed in random, before and after intravenous administration of 0.8 mg of naloxone. Six persons with normal body weight served as controls. Higher basal concentrations of beta-endorphin and significant increase in beta-endorphin levels during OGTT, without concomitant increase in ACTH concentrations, have been found in obese patients. No effect of naloxone on beta-endorphin liberation during OGTT was observed, though the drug caused lowering in maximal increment of beta-endorphin and paradoxically lowered the concentrations of ACTH and cortisol. The basal concentrations of beta-endorphin did not correlate with the concentrations of insulin, ACTH, cortisol and growth hormone. Elevated concentrations of insulin, lowered concentration of growth hormone and normal levels of glucose and glucagon were observed in basal conditions, and excessive responses of insulin, glucose and glucagon were observed in obese patients during OGTT. Naloxone lowered insulin response and inhibited the fall of growth hormone during OGTT but did not influence the concentrations of glucose and glucagon. No correlation was found during OGTT after naloxone between insulin and beta-endorphin, ACTH or cortisol, whereas negative correlation was observed between insulin and growth hormone. The obtained results suggest that the elevated concentrations of beta-endorphin in simple obesity may be of both hypophyseal and peripheral origin. Hyper-beta-endorphinemia observed in obesity is probably not directly responsible for hyperinsulinemia, it may, however, be responsible for lower sensitivity of tissues to the action of insulin.
Endokrynol Pol 1993
PMID:[Effect of naloxone on beta-endorphin and insulin concentrations during glucose tolerance testing in patients with simple obesity]. 805 20

The objective of the study undertaken among elderly was to assess the strength and importance of biologic predictors of mortality (blood pressure, ventilatory lung function) in comparison with that of sociodemographic variables (age, sex, education), smoking habit, obesity and health self-assessment. The study covered a sample of elderly (698 males and 1211 females), inhabitants of Cracow city center who attended the mass screening x-ray clinic. The sample examined did not include patients of houses for elderly or geriatric wards. At the occasion of the x-ray examination an epidemiologic interview has been taken from each person and basic clinical measurements (anthropometry, blood pressure and ventilatory lung function) have been performed. Statistical analysis of relation between mortality over 5-year period and chosen predictors has been carried out with Cox proportional hazards model and PC BMDP programs. It was found that beside age FEV1 level is the strongest survival predictor among the elderly. Subjects who had better FEV1 by 500 ml showed significantly lower death risk, by 18% in males and 27% in females after allowing for age and height. The results obtained confirmed the expectation that ventilatory lung function is one of the strongest predictor of survival in elderly. In the sample studied the impact of education, smoking habit, obesity, health self-assessment on the mortality experience was not significant. The effect of hypertension appeared to be relevant only in the female group.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 1994
PMID:[Importance of ventilatory lung function for prediction of survival in elderly persons. Mortality cohort study in Cracow]. 806 43

The basal and hyperglycaemia-stimulated secretion of glucose, IRI and beta-endorphin (BE) were studied in subjects who had gone surgical treatment for obesity few years ago and the results were compared with those of obese subjects and lean controls. 58 persons were divided into the following groups: A-obese subjects BMI > 30, B--obese subjects 25 < BMI < 30, C--subjects treated by truncal vagotomy and gastric banding, D--subjects treated by jejunoileostomy, E--control group BMI < 25. Oral glucose (75 g) tolerance test was performed in all subjects. Blood concentration of glucose, and serum concentration of IRI and BE were studied before and 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after ingestion of glucose. The basal levels and areas over basal values (AOBV) of investigated parameters were evaluated. Both the basal and glucose stimulated levels of IRI and BE were higher in the obese subjects than in the control group. Truncal vagotomy and gastric banding or jejunoileostomy resulted in reduction of IRI secretion without any decrease in BE levels. The alteration of the opioid system may play some role in the pathogenesis of obesity.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1993 Jul
PMID:[Level of beta endorphins and insulin in blood of obese subjects. Effect of surgical treatment for obesity on higher exchange parameters]. 823 1


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