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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The values of serum T4, T3, T4/T3, RT3U, FT4I, PBI, ATR, TSH, 132I uptake and antibodies against thyreoglobulin were estimated in non-obese, healthy women and in obese women with a stabile body weight on total fasting of 14 days. Obesity with no dietary restriction compared with normal controls was accompanied by a tendency to higher serum levels of T4 and T3 and prolonged ATR. Other indicators of thyroid function remained unchanged. Total fasting led to a decrease of serum T3 and to an increase of FT4I and RT3U. The remaining tests were unchanged. These results are conform with a decreased transformation of T4 into T3 in the periphery. The participation of the hypothalamus and hypophysis to adaptation of the thyroid to fasting was discussed.
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PMID:Effects of total fasting in obese women. I. Response of the thyroid. 7 59

(1). Assessment of thyroidal and other indices in 275 instances of obesity with body weight excesses up to 200 percent or more of the ideal revealed absent thyroidal I131 uptake responses to TSH in about one out of five patients. Moreover, basal thyroidal I131 uptake of 10 percent or less, prolongation of ankle reflex time, or high levels of serum cholesterol were present in a minority. Also, occasional instances of unduly elevated serum TSH titers were found. Some of the indices deviated from normal more often with the greater excesses of body weight or with increased age. (2). These findings are consonant with a hypothesis that routine thyroidal or related indices are sporadically abnormal in massive obesity almost always without overt hypothyroidism or myxedema, that total unresponsiveness to exogenous TSH is surprisingly frequent, and that such unresponsiveness represents an unexplained endocrine anomaly in association with gross overweight. (3). Our data suggest that some obese persons are not able to respond to exogenous TSH, nor, presumably, to increases of endogenous TSH. This could result in an economy of caloric expenditure and play a contributory role in the genesis or the perpetuation of the obesity.
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PMID:Unresponsiveness to exogenous TSH in obesity. 8 48

The basal plasma level of GH, TSH and ACTH and the reserve capacities of the adenohypophysis in the secretion of these hormones was investigated radioimmunologically in 80 patients with excessive weight (from 15.3% to 180.0%) and a group of healthy subjects. It is shown that obesity is accompanied by diverse changes of the anterior pituitary GH, TSH and ACTH functions, which may be explained by their varied participation in the fatty metabolism. The pituitary somatotrophic function is weakened in obese subjects and its disorders advance with increase of the grade of obesity. Reduced pituitary thyrotrophic function in obesity causes weakening of thyroid function; disorders of the thyroid regulation occur at the hypothalamic level. The increased blood plasma concentration of ACTH in obese subjects has a compensatory character. The reserve capacities of the adrenocorticotrophic function of the pituitary are diminished in obestiy. Disturbances of the anterior pituitary GH, TSH and ACTH functions show a single-direction character both in alimentary-constitutional and in hypothalamic obesity.
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PMID:Somatotrophic, thyrotrophic and adrenocorticotrophic functions of the anterior pituitary in obesity. 19 33

Clinical value of plasma TSH radioimmunoassay in various thyroid diseases (primary hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and simple goiter) is discussed. In particular, the results obtained of plasma TSH after TRH administration either in thyroid disease either in various disorders of endocrinologic interest (massive obesity, Laurence-Moon Biedl's syndrome, true precocious puberty, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Klinfelter's and Turner's syndromes) are discussed.
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PMID:[Clinical use in the radioimmunologic determination of plasmatic TSH]. 122 42

The role of the neurotransmitter serotonin (SER) in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary function is not completely clarified, although considerable evidence suggests a dominant stimulatory control of ACTH and PRL and a dominant inhibition of TSH, with more variable effects on GH secretion. Furthermore, SER has been implicated in the regulation of appetite, given the anorectic activity of SERergic drugs in animals and humans and experimental evidence suggesting that animal obesity can be a function of SER depletion. In order to study the hypothesized impairment of the SERergic system in human obesity, PRL, GH, TSH and cortisol levels before and after oral administration of the SER precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (OH-TRY) (500 mg), were determined in 10 obese (BMI 41.5 +/- 1.68 kg/m2) but otherwise healthy women (mean age 50.9 +/- 1.43 yr) and in control group of 7 normal-weight (BMI 20.9 +/- 0.66 kg/m2) women (mean age 49.8 +/- 1.18 yf) after oral administration of the SER precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (OH-TRY) (500 mg). The results were matched against placebo. In contrast with placebo, OH-TRY administration provoked a PRL and cortisol increase in all the subjects: PRL levels increased in controls at 120 min (p < 0.05) and at 180 min (p < 0.01) and in obese women at 120 and 180 min (p < 0.01); cortisol levels increased in both groups at 90, 120, 180 min (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on the secretion of PRL, GH, TSH and cortisol in obesity]. 129 71

The effects of acute cold exposure on rectal temperature (Tr) and circulating thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were examined in fed and food-deprived obese (ob/ob) and lean (?/+) C57BL/6 mice. At 23 degrees C, obese mice had lower body temperatures but higher TSH, T4 and T3 values than lean mice while male mice of both phenotypes had similar body temperatures and higher levels of all three hormones than females. Obese mice became severely hypothermic during 4 h cold exposure (8 degrees C) although TSH and T4 concentrations declined equally in obese and lean mice and T3 values were unaffected by cold. Male and female mice exhibited similar Tr responses to cold, while males continued to have higher values of TSH and thyroid hormones than females. When allowed food during cold exposure, both obese and lean mice displayed higher Tr although obese mice remained hypothermic. Thyroid hormones in all groups were increased by feeding but only male mice exhibited increased TSH values. These data show that the acute feeding, metabolic and thermogenic responses of mice to low ambient temperatures are not closely associated with altered systemic levels of TSH, T4 or T3. Furthermore, since ob/ob mice did not display lower hormone levels or defective hormone responses to cold or feeding, the data suggest that their apparent hypothyroidism is largely independent of hormone availability to target tissues.
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PMID:Effects of phenotype, feeding condition and cold exposure on thyrotropin and thyroid hormones of obese and lean mice. 176 7

A 23 year-old woman was admitted to our hospital, complaining of sterility and obesity. Her serum TSH and Prolactin were abnormally high, and her serum T3, T4 were low. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomographic (CT) scan revealed a round mass in the sella and suprasellar region. A transsphenoidal operation was then performed. The intrasellar mass was composed of a soft liquid-like part and a solid part. Only the soft liquid-like part of the mass was removed. Histological examination showed the typical appearance of chromophobe adenoma, Reticulin stain of the specimen revealed no reticular network. The remnant of the mass was considered to be hyperplasia because the size of the mass decreased on serial CT scan after thyroid hormonal replacement. Sometimes it may be difficult to distinguish between hyperplasia and adenoma. The application of reticulin stains is considered to be useful for differentiation between hyperplasia and adenoma.
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PMID:[A case of pituitary adenoma and hyperplasia with primary hypothyroidism]. 189 18

To test whether short-term fasting has a different effect on hormone release from lactotrophs and thyrotrophs in normal-weight men compared with obese men, 10 mg metoclopramide (MET) was administered orally to seven normal and six obese men before and after a 56-hour fast. In the normal subjects, MET raised the serum prolactin (PRL) level before fasting from 5.1 +/- 1.3 to 58.6 +/- 9.5 micrograms/L in 60 minutes (P less than .02), but left the thyrotropin (TSH) level unaffected. An almost identical hormone response was seen after fasting. Obese men responded differently. Their lactotrophs were initially refractory to MET stimulation (PRL increase from 9.5 +/- 5.1 to 17.5 +/- 5.7 micrograms/L, NS), but became sensitive to such stimulation after fasting (PRL increase from 8.2 +/- 4.5 to 46.3 +/- 6.7 micrograms/L, P less than .01). The thyrotrophs were unaffected by MET before, as well as after, the fast. Although decreased PRL synthesis, reduced cell membrane permeability, and inadequate MET stimulation are plausible mechanisms by which the reduced PRL responsiveness to MET could be explained in the obese patients, neither is likely in view of the fact that the lactotrophs responded promptly to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), administered intravenously (IV) 60 minutes after MET, in the fed obese patients (PRL increase after TRH from 17.5 +/- 5.7 to a maximum of 48.0 +/- 8.7 micrograms/L, P less than .05). Furthermore, a 50% reduction of the MET dose (5 mg) resulted in a significant PRL response in non-obese healthy men (PRL increase from 3.1 +/- 1.1 to 40.3 +/- 0.9 micrograms/L, P less than .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Decreased dopaminergic control of prolactin secretion in male obesity: normalization by fasting. 189 23

Circulating TRH-immunoreactive levels, the thyrotropin response to a TRH intravenous stimulation (200 micrograms) and thyroid hormone concentrations have been determined in 43 overweight subjects (body mass index 45 +/- 12 kg/m2, mean +/- s.d.) and 46 (body mass index 22 +/- 2 kg/m2) normal weight controls. The TRH levels measured by a recently developed, highly specific radioimmunoassay were similar among both groups (44 +/- 16 vs 40 +/- 12 fmol/ml, n.s.). The pattern of response of TSH to TRH was normal in the obese and no significant difference was observed between the peak TSH values of the obese and the normal group (8.3 +/- 2.8 vs 8.7 +/- 2.2 microU/ml, n.s.). No correlations were found between the degree of obesity and the concentrations of TRH, TSH and peripheral thyroid hormone levels. Three obese patients showed a delta-TSH of 18, 19 and 21 microU/ml at normal thyroid hormone concentrations as sign of latent hypothyroidism. These data indicate that in obesity: (a) the TSH response to i.v. TRH is not impaired, (b) circulating TRH-IR levels are not significantly changed and (c) the incidence of overt hypothyroidism is not increased.
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PMID:Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) immunoreactivity and thyroid function in obesity. 190 Dec 99

The Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome is characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, obesity, psychic disturbances, polydactily and hypogonadism. Renal involvement is also a frequent finding and renal failure may be fatal for the patient. On the basis of the consanguinity and the familiarity of this syndrome. R.C., a 47 years old male, with cardiovascular failure and marked psychic sleepiness has been studied. The patient showed the full picture of this syndrome. The thyroid function has been studied and, TT4, TBG, rT3, TSH, TRH stimulation test, antimicrosomial antitireoglobulin antibodies were found within normal limit. On the other hand TT3, FT3, FT4 and 131-I thyroid captation showed a clear hypothyroidism picture. In this connection, on L-T4 administration, infect there was a complete recovery of the symptoms. This picture may confirm the hypothesis of a hypothalamic disfunction in the Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome.
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PMID:[Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome associated with tertiary hypothyroidism. A case report]. 194 10


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