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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of the visual presentation of the caloric values of food on the food buying behavior of 450 normal, overweight, and obese female subjects were studied, in a cafeteria setting. The caloric signs significantly decreased the total number of calories bought across all three weight groups. No differences were found among the three weight groups, either in the effect of the presentation of the caloric signs or in the total number of calories bought. The implications of these results were discussed, both in terms of present-day research on obesity as well as in terms of a large scale modification of eating behavior.
Percept Mot Skills 1976 Feb
PMID:Effects of visual presentation of caloric values on food buying by normal and obese persons. 125 70

Societal attitudes toward obese persons are predominantly negative, and many health care professionals share these beliefs. This study compared attitudes toward obese persons of 67 US nurses to those of 107 Canadian nurses. Also, attitudes toward obesity were examined as a particular class of prejudice. A positive correlation was hypothesized between ethnic prejudice and prejudice regarding obese persons. Significant differences in attitudes toward obese patients were observed between the two groups on several questionnaire items, and the hypothesis was confirmed by the moderate r of .53 for US nurses. A surprising finding was a new target of ethnic prejudice: the Caucasian majority.
Percept Mot Skills 1992 Oct
PMID:Nurses' attitudes toward obese persons and certain ethnic groups. 140 94

An exploratory descriptive design using interviews and open-ended questions examined factors which were associated with perceptions of health held by 22 young black women, ages 18 to 40 years. Interview findings indicated that, among these women, obesity was considered to contribute positively to perceptions of health as did eating good foods and engaging in stress-reducing activities.
Percept Mot Skills 1992 Dec
PMID:Factors contributing to perception of health in young black women. 145 62

After reading a case description of a 20-year-old woman, subjects attributed her personal shortcomings to her weight rather than to herself per se. In particular, people who scored higher on a measure of self-handicapping were even more likely to attribute shortcomings to a person's weight and excuse or overlook them. A person who attributes shortcomings to being overweight will very likely find a sympathetic audience. These results support the suggestion by Baumeister, Kahn, and Tice (1990) that obesity can be a self-handicapping strategy.
Percept Mot Skills 1991 Jun
PMID:Self-handicapping and obesity: is there a sympathetic audience out there? 196 73

Cardiac self-perception was measured in obese and normal weight subjects. Subjects had to judge whether a tone was coincident with their own heartbeat or slightly mismatched. A signal-detection analysis was used to measure sensory sensitivity to the heartbeat separate from nonsensory, response-bias factors. Subjects were able to perform the heartbeat-detection task, with an average sensory sensitivity d' of .58. No significant differences in sensory sensitivity were found between obese and normal-weight subjects, nor were any sex differences noted. Measurement of response bias (Ln beta) indicated that obese subjects had a significantly more lax response criterion than normal-weight subjects. Results are discussed in terms of Schachter's (1971) internality-externality theory of obesity and ramifications for weight control are discussed.
Percept Mot Skills 1990 Jun
PMID:Cardiac self-perception in obese and normal persons. 239 94

Experimental investigators have discussed the therapeutic potential of ephedrine as a thermogenic agent in the treatment of obese individuals. Because research into thermogenesis and the role of sympathetic nervous system stimulation in weight control primarily has emphasized pharmacological interventions, the authors suggest that cognitive restructuring and covert conditioning procedures could be valuable psychotherapeutic additions to a pharmacologically derived weight-loss regimen. Furthermore, it is concluded that additional clinical research is necessary to determine the efficacy of integrating ephedrine therapy and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapeutic procedures as adjuncts to a multidimensional program for treating obesity.
Percept Mot Skills 1989 Oct
PMID:Ephedrine-induced thermogenesis as an adjunct to cognitive restructuring and covert conditioning: a proposal for treatment of obese individuals. 281 3

In a study of 318 Caucasian college students, obese persons and redheaded men were seen as unattractive compared to the nonobese and other hair colors. The obesity stereotype and the hair-color stereotype appear to be evaluated separately with little interaction. The results imply that a stereotypic characteristic like obesity, which is perceived as being under a person's control, may be evaluated differently than a stereotypic characteristic independent of personal choice such as hair color.
Percept Mot Skills 1989 Feb
PMID:Perception of attractiveness by obesity and hair color. 292 47

The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale was administered to 550 14- and 16-yr.-old (+/- 6 mo.) girls. Self-esteem scores were categorized by weight and weight by height. Scores on the Quetelet Index for obesity were correlated with self-esteem scores. Mean self-esteem of the low- and middle-weight by height group was significantly higher than the mean of the high-weight by height group. In analyzing weight alone, the self-esteem of the middle-weight group was significantly higher than the self-esteem of the high-weight group. The correlation of the obesity index and self-esteem indicated that as weight increased self-esteem decreased.
Percept Mot Skills 1988 Dec
PMID:Self-esteem of adolescent girls as related to weight. 322 42

Behavioral treatment approaches to obesity in 17 mild-to-moderate retarded female adults were assigned to one of two experimental conditions, (a) behavioral self-control along with a physical activity component and (b) behavioral self-control. No significant differences were noted between groups on the indices of body weight and tricep skinfold thickness. A one-way analysis of variance with a repeated measure yielded a significant main effect of time for change in weight for both groups at the end of the 8-week treatment. Questions were raised about the possible role of nonspecific motivational factors versus cognitive factors in behavioral-weight reduction programs.
Percept Mot Skills 1986 Apr
PMID:Behavioral weight reduction program for mentally retarded adult females. 350 37

Two types of obesity (gluteal and abdominal) depicted quite consistently in prehistoric art of different European locations suggests the potential cross-fertilization for physiological inquiry by medical interpretation of prehistoric art, called iconodiagnosis.
Percept Mot Skills 1986 Oct
PMID:Stone-age art "Venuses" as heuristic clues for types of obesity: contribution to "iconodiagnosis". 353 86


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