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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diabetes has become the tsunami of non-communicable chronic diseases, with its alarmingly high prevalence largely driven by the global obesity epidemic. Achieving a healthy weight and preventing weight gain are integral components of optimal diabetes management. A modest weight loss of 5-10% is associated with significant reduction in blood sugar, lipid and blood pressure levels. Insulin detemir is an effective basal insulin analogue associated with less weight gain compared with both insulin NPH and insulin glargine. Once-daily insulin detemir could be considered an effective therapy for people with type 2 diabetes on lifestyle interventions and oral anti-diabetic agent therapy who require insulin.
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PMID:Diabetes and weight management. 2039 88

Peripheral insulin resistance is a key component of metabolic syndrome associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. While the impact of insulin resistance is well recognized in the periphery, it is also becoming apparent in the brain. Recent studies suggest that insulin resistance may be a factor in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) whereby intranasal insulin therapy, which delivers insulin to the brain, improves cognition and memory in AD patients. Here, we tested a clinically relevant delivery method to determine the impact of two forms of insulin, short-acting insulin lispro (Humalog) or long-acting insulin detemir (Levemir), on cognitive functions in aged F344 rats. We also explored insulin effects on the Ca(2+)-dependent hippocampal afterhyperpolarization (AHP), a well-characterized neurophysiological marker of aging which is increased in the aged, memory impaired animal. Low-dose intranasal insulin improved memory recall in aged animals such that their performance was similar to that seen in younger animals. Further, because ex vivo insulin also reduced the AHP, our results suggest that the AHP may be a novel cellular target of insulin in the brain, and improved cognitive performance following intranasal insulin therapy may be the result of insulin actions on the AHP.
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PMID:Intranasal Insulin Improves Age-Related Cognitive Deficits and Reverses Electrophysiological Correlates of Brain Aging. 2565 89