Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Successful tracheal intubation with Augustine Guide (Augustine Medical, Inc., Eden Prairie, MN) in patients with normal airways has recently been described. There are no studies describing Augustine Guide (AG) use in patients with difficult airways. Accordingly, we studied AG intubation in a population of patients with expected difficult airways due to cervical spine pathology, limited mouth opening, obesity, facial trauma or deformity due to previous operation or radiation and in patients with unexpectedly difficult airways. A total of 44 patients were studied. The AG was used as a primary intubating tool in patients with known difficult airways (n = 36) and as a secondary intubating tool in patients with unexpected inability to intubate using conventional direct laryngoscopy (n = 8). Airway difficulty was predicted by history and physical examination. Intubations were performed under general anaesthesia in 40 of the 44 patients studied. In four patients with predictably difficult airways, topical anaesthesia and sedation were used. Backup methods to achieve intubation were available. Thirty-two of the 36 with known or suspected difficult airways were classified as Mallampati Class III or IV. In the remaining eight patients the preoperative examination suggested an easy airway; however, after induction of general anaesthesia, their laryngeal inlet could not be seen using direct laryngoscopy. Using the AG, all were intubated successfully (36/44 at the first attempt, in 8/44 repositioning of the AG to allow successful laryngeal entry of the stylet was necessary). There were no failures or complications secondary to AG use. This study shows that the AG is a useful device for oral tracheal intubation in patients with known or unexpectedly difficult airways.
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PMID:Evaluation of the Augustine Guide for difficult tracheal intubation. 877 78

Benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) agonists, used extensively for their anxiolytic effects, have been shown to increase food intake in many mammalian species. Little information, however, is available on the effects of BZR agonists on feeding behaviors of humans. Food intake was evaluated in a 60-minute free-feeding standardized test after the acute administration of the BZR agonist chlordiazepoxide (CDP, Librium; 5 mg or 20 mg) or placebo. Subjects were 12 individuals with the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), a disorder characterized by extreme hyperphagia and morbid obesity, and 11 controls with obesity. PWS subjects showed the characteristic hyperphagia associated with the appetite disorder, consuming more than six times as many sandwiches as controls with obesity. Results revealed no significant effect of either dose of CDP on the food intake of either group. Serum assays revealed that dose-dependent, clinically effective levels of CDP and active metabolites were achieved. These results suggest that acute administration of the BZR agonist CDP, at the therapeutic levels used, may not increase food intake in populations with obesity. However, the chronic effects of CDP on appetite in human populations still need to be explored.
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PMID:Food intake in Prader-Willi syndrome and controls with obesity after administration of a benzodiazepine receptor agonist. 952 67