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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have examined the association between alcohol consumption and blood pressure (BP) in a working population of 723 men aged 20 to 59 years. Both systolic and diastolic BP increased with increasing alcohol consumption, and so di the prevalence of BP greater than or equal to 160/94 mm Hg. In subjects younger than 40 years, the univariate alcohol-BP association was less conspicuous, although statistically significant. Multivariate analysis showed that the association was independent of age, relative weight, and educational level in subjects aged 40-59, while it became non significant in younger subjects. The multiple regression coefficient indicated that an average daily consumption of 12 ml of alcohol would increase systolic BP by 1.4 mm Hg. In subjects aged 50 to 59 years, a slightly higher BP in nondrinkers than in moderate drinkers was probably due to a higher prevalence of obesity among the former. These findings suggest that control of alcohol consumption is a means of preventing essential hypertension, along with control of salt intake and adiposity.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1982 Jun
PMID:[Relation between alcohol consumption and arterial hypertension: epidemiologic approach. By the Task Force on Lyons Action in the Prevention of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis]. 681 Aug 23

An acute inflammatory exacerbation is the most frequent complication of lymphoedema. The provoking cause may be trauma. Favouring factors are obesity and heat. 1/3 of patients suffer from such acute inflammatory exacerbations. The onset is sudden, with fever, redness, pain and local heat. After repression of the acute, inflammatory episode, the oedema is often increased. Treatment involves antibiotics, corticosteroids, vaccinotherapy and bed rest. It is possible to prepare sequential treatment, drug prevention with general and dietary measures.
J Mal Vasc 1980
PMID:[Clinical aspects of acute inflammatory exacerbations lymphoedema (author's transl)]. 746 43

We performed polysomnography and measured hypoxic ventilatory (HVR), hypercapnic ventilatory responses (HCVR) in 42 patients (60 +/- 11 years) with obesity and a clinical suspicion of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) in order to determine whether an altered chemosensitivity was associated with SAS. The apnea/hypopnea index was 38 +/- 20 events per hour of sleep in 28 patients (SAS+ group) and less than 10 in the 14 others (SAS- group). The 2 groups differed only by a lower waking PaO2 in SAS+ as compared to SAS- (71.0 +/- 9 vs 77.4 +/- 8 mmHg, p < 0.05). HVR and HCVR were not significantly different in the 2 groups (0.82 +/- 0.58 vs 0.86 +/- 0.37 l.min-1.%-1; 1.41 +/- 0.81 vs 1.40 +/- 0.67 l.min-1.mmHg-1, respectively). In SAS+ group, HVR or HCVR did not change 3 or 12 months after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy while both polysomnography and PaO2 returned to normal. We conclude that in patients with mild obesity and SAS there is no difference in chemosensitivity due to the presence of sleep apnea and that CPAP therapy does not alter these measurements. These results suggest no direct effect of SAS on chemosensitivity in the population studied.
Rev Mal Respir 1995
PMID:[Study of chemosensitivity in patients believed to have sleep apnea syndrome]. 748 Oct 48

The relative risks of each factors and the benefits of their reduction after myocardial infarction are comparable to those observed in primary prevention. However, because of an overexposure to the risk, the absolute gains are five times greater. The impact of diet is one of the most important: in addition to the limitation of polyunsaturated fats and global calory intake, especially in cases of central obesity, the increase in dietary alpha-linolenic acid and in omega-3, has been shown to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and mortality by up to 70%. Supplements of vitamins A and E could be useful. After infarction, the risks of an ex-smoker decrease rapidly by half and become comparable to those of non-smokers in 2 to 3 years. Physical exercise reduces cardiovascular mortality by 20-25% and contributes to better control of risk factors. The management of some psycho-physiological factors (reaction to stress, hostility) also gives encouraging results). A 10% reduction in total cholesterol leads to a 20% or more decrease in coronary events and a 10% reduction in mortality with a marked dose-response effect inciting to the reduction of its level to under 2 g/l. The progression of atherosclerosis delayed; early lesions, with the greatest risk of rupture and thrombosis, are stabilised and may even regress. A low HDL-c concentration should lead to more energetic reduction of LDL-c and control of smoking, obesity and sedentarity. Its association with hypertriglyceridaemia, glucose intolerance, hypertension and central obesity defines the syndrome of insulin resistance which multiplies cardiovascular risk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1995 Aug
PMID:[Impact of controlling risk factors after myocardial infarction]. 750 18

Type I and type II diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular complications, the most common of which are ischaemic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular dysfunction. The existence of an independent disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, was suggested by initial anatomic studies, experimental models, and, more recently, by epidemiological studies. The exact cause of this ventricular dysfunction is not known: several mechanisms have been proposed, such as metabolic abnormalities of glucose transport, cellular overload in fatty acid metabolites, alteration of calcium uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum leading to cellular calcium overload, coronary microangiopathy, structural collagen abnormalities, interstitial and perivascular fibrosis or the presence of an autonomic neuropathy. The condition is characterised by abnormal left ventricular filling suggesting poor compliance or prolongation of left ventricular relaxation. Left ventricular systolic function is usually normal at rest but abnormally decreased on effort. The value of strict metabolic control and the place of drug therapy, especially calcium antagonists which oppose cellular calcium overload, has yet to be established. The natural history of diabetic cardiomyopathy should be defined by clinical studies taking care to differentiate it from the cardiovascular consequences of hypertension or obesity which aggravate or stimulate this condition.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1995 Apr
PMID:[Diabetic cardiomyopathy]. 764 66

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an early complication of hypertension. To a certain degree, this process counteracts the parietal stress induced by high blood pressure. Genetic factors, obesity, high salt diet and different growth factors, notably angiotensin II and noradrenaline, can also predispose to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Left ventricular mass is increased on echocardiography in about 20% of hypertensive subjects. LVH is initially associated with a change in myocardial diastolic function and later with abnormal systolic function. It is a major risk factor, a cause of cardiac failure, reduction in coronary reserve and of ventricular arrhythmias. Treatment of hypertension is associated with regression of LVH and preservation or improvement in myocardial diastolic and systolic functions. The decrease in left ventricular mass could reduce the incidence of cardiovascular complications in hypertension.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1995 Feb
PMID:[Physiopathology of left ventricular hypertrophy]. 764 13

It is well known that mean blood pressure (BP) is higher in obese subjects. However, the nature of the relationships between hypertension and obesity is not fully understood; this concerns especially the role of carbohydrate metabolism and sympathetic activity. The aim of this study is to compare hypertensive (systolic BP > or = 160 mmHg) to normotensive men at different levels of body mass index (BMI). We analyzed data from the Paris Prospective Study I concerning 6,424 men aged 40-53 years at entry, who were not treated for hypertension, diabetes and had no sign of heart disease. The biological parameters were glucose and insulin levels, both assessed fasting (G0, I0) and two hours after a 75-g oral glucose load (G2, I2), free fatty acids and cortisol levels. Hypertensive subjects had significantly higher G0 and G2 levels in all BMI tertiles (p < 0.001). On the contrary, I0 was significantly higher only in the third BMI tertile, and the difference in I2 level between hypertensive and normotensive subjects increased with BMI. Free fatty acids level was significantly higher in hypertensives in all BMI tertiles, however, it showed a significant negative trend with BMI (p < 0.0001) which was not present in normotensives. Morning cortisol level showed the same tendency as well and the mean difference between hypertensive and normotensive men decreased with increasing BMI. In conclusion, (1) relative hyperglycemia is present in subjects with systolic hypertension at all BMI levels, while hyperinsulinemia is found only in the more corpulent ones, and (2) free fatty acids and cortisol levels are particularly elevated in lean hypertensive men.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993 Aug
PMID:[Biological characteristics of arterial systolic hypertension in relation to the degree of obesity in a middle aged active population]. 812 23

The purpose of the study is a rigorous validation of different ultrasonic criteria of renal artery stenosis, and the presentation of the performances of duplex sonography in renal artery stenosis screening. Sixty seven patients have been investigated by ultrasonic techniques, and the results of duplex compared with intraarterial or intravenous digital subtraction angiography. Two kinds of ultrasonic investigations have been defined: complete explorations when the renal artery ostium is accessible, incomplete explorations in other cases. The main difficulty preventing the exploration from being complete is obesity: all patient with an overweight of more than 20% of their theoretical weight have an incomplete exploration of at least one of their renal arteries. Furthermore, duplex sonography was not able to demonstrate polar artery in any case. When the exploration is complete, maximum systolic frequency (F max) recorded on the renal artery course, and the systolic frequency ratio of renal and aortic recordings (RAR) are two valuable criteria of significant stenosis (> 50%): mean difference between normal and stenosed arteries for these two variables is statistically significant (p < 0.01). To obtain a good specificity, pathological threshold have been fixed at F max > 3,500 Hz and RRA > 2.5. When the exploration in incomplete, ascending time (asc. T) and resistance index (RI) of doppler recording obtained in the renal hilum are two valuable criteria for severe stenosis (> 80%), or occlusion: the mean between stenosed and non stenosed arteries is statistically different (p < 0.001 and p < 0.002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993 Aug
PMID:[Value and role of echo-Doppler in the screening of renovascular hypertension. A prospective study of 144 arteries with reference to angiography]. 812 34

The authors studied 31 cases of coronary artery disease with normal or minimally diseases coronary arteries in black Africans, 29.8% of 104 coronary patients undergoing coronary angiography in this series. These 31 cases comprised 16 cases of infarction, 10 cases of angina, 3 ventricular aneurysms and 2 cases of silent ischemia in diabetic patients. Twenty-five patients were men (80.6%). There were 6 women (19.3%) two of whom presented in the post-partum period. The average age of these patients was 45 years (males: 47.7 years; females: 41.8 years). The following risk factors were noted: smoking (60%), hypertension (25.8%), obesity (29%), diabetes (12.9%), serum cholesterol (average 2.15 g/l), serum triglycerides (average 1.25 g/l). The risk index per patient was 1.29. In comparison with coronary patients with angiographic coronary lesions (n = 73), the patients with normal angiography were significantly younger, comprised more females and had fewer risk factors (especially hypertension and diabetes), though this was not statistically significant. The prevalence of inaugural infarction was 81.2% in the cases of infarction with normal coronary arteries. These infarcts may be complicated by ventricular aneurysm formation. Spontaneous spasm was observed in 3 out of 31 patients (9.6%) at coronary angiography. A provocative test was performed in only 2 cases and 1 was positive. This deserves further study and may have therapeutic implications. The authors emphasise the high incidence of hemoglobin S or C traits (57.1%). These heterozygotic hemoglobinopathies could be a risk factor in these coronary patients with normal coronary angiography.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993 Apr
PMID:[Coronary disease with normal coronarography in the black Africans: epidemiological and clinical data in 31 cases. Role of abnormal hemoglobins]. 823 68

We report a case of 47 years old patient who was admitted to hospital because of bilateral leg ulcers for 6 years. Chromosome analysis revealed XXY karyotype, confirming the clinical diagnosis of Klinefelter's syndrome. Testosterone level was low and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) was elevated. The patient was given androgen therapy which resulted in a normalization of the PAI-1 activity. The frequency of leg ulcers in patients with Klinefelter syndrome is between 6 and 12% according to studies. Different causes would explain the tendency towards leg ulcers in Klinefelter's syndrome: conjunctive tissues abnormalities were revealed in some studies. A higher frequency of venous insufficiency is reported in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome, either due to the particular morphology (obesity, taller size) or due to an androgen deficiency. A few arterial dysplasias cases of arteries's legs were described in patients with leg ulcers and Klinefelter syndrome. Haemostasis disorders presented in this case and normalized after androgen therapy will contribute to the physiopathologic discussion.
J Mal Vasc 1995
PMID:[Leg ulcer and Klinefelter syndrome]. 854 3


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