Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 500 obese patients (146 men, mean age 37 +/- 13 years, Broca index 147 +/- 24; 354 women, mean age 36 +/- 14 years, Broca index 151 +/- 28) cardiovascular risk factors (RF) were investigated. The most frequent RF was hypertension (71 per cent), followed by glucose intolerance (49 per cent), hypertriglyceridemia (31 per cent), hypercholesterolemia (22 per cent) and hyperuricemia (22 per cent). Only 12 per cent of the patients were without RF. These patients were younger and less obese than the patients with RF. The prevalence of RF increased with increasing age and overweight. Analysis revealed significant correlations between overweight and blood pressure, blood glucose, insulin and age. Significant correlations between age and hypertension, blood glucose cholesterol, triglycerides and overweight were detected. The correlation between overweight and the sum of all RF was higher (r = 0.35) than the one between age and the sum of all (r = 0.23). Obese patients had a high prevalence of RF. Increasing overweight and (to a lesser extent) age are both associated with increased prevalence of RF. On the basis of the prevalence of RF, patients with gross obesity (Broca index greater than around 150) were considered to be at a high risk in respect of coronary heart disease.
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PMID:Cardiovascular risk factors in gross obesity. 61 33

The levels of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) in 58 obese women and 14 controls were studied. The investigation revealed: (1) higher IRI levels in obese patients compared to controls, with a tendency to normalization after weight reduction (2) a correlation between IRI values and the degree of obesity, the amount of fat and lean body mass. The closest relation was found between stimulated IRI values and the Broca index (3) the ratio glucose/insulin was lower in the obese women before and after a glucose load. After a decrease of body weight by 11 per cent this ratio did not change significantly (4) a negative correlation between the glucose/insulin ratio and body weight, overweight, body fat and lean body mass.
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PMID:Immunoreative insulin in obesity of adult women. 61 39

The tendency of some obese subjects to an energy-sparing reaction can be induced temporarily by attempts of the patient to reduce his overweight by prolonged starvation. This regulatory reaction may be induced by regulatory especially thyroid mechanisms. In obesity of both sexes a tendency to anaerobic energy utilization in the muscle can be revealed and so a tendency to decrease energy utilization in general. The differences in insulinemia (IRI) displayed a prevalence of maternal obesity in the group with higher levels of basal and stimulated IRI values, which decline after changes in diet and body weight. This behavior of IRI levels and amount and composition of diet indicate a possible permissive role of previous food consumption habits.
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PMID:Some recent findings in obesity. 62 37

The literature on primary anorexia nervosa in the male is reviewed and the case histories of 3 new patients are reported. Most surveys comment on the rarity of the syndrome in the male, with the sex ratio in the range of 1 in 10 to 1 in 20. The patients reported here had certain features in common. All the mothers and fathers were overweight, but obesity was marked only in the fathers, who also showed moderate to severe degrees of alcoholism. The mothers were oversensitive, insecure individuals, and the marriages suffered in proportion to the severity of the husband's alcoholism. Preoccupation with food was observed on home visits. There was overt mutual hostility between each father and anorexic son; the boys showed pronounced obsessional traits in their personalities. Dieting in order to ameliorate real or feared obesity was a first step in the development of the syndrome in each boy. In the past 3 years an equal number of boys and girls (new patients) have been referred for treatment in the psychiatric unit. Speculative reasons for this are discussed.
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PMID:Anorexia nervosa in boys. 64 14

Epidemiological studies on the relationship of obesity, morbidity and mortality revealed the following results: In life insurance studies, excess mortality of obese people was found with more than 30 percent overweight. Mortality was caused by cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Obesity at issue of the policy in younger age was a greater risk than in the older age group. In prospective studies with long follow-up periods (greater than 16 years) it could be shown that obesity alone was a risk factor for coronary heart disease, the risk being greatest for men and middle aged women. However, the prevalence of accepted risk factors in an obese population is so high that the question whether obesity alone is a risk factor for coronary heart disease is of little interest. The correlations between obesity and risk factors were of minor magnitude; therefore other factors, such as age or HDL-cholesterol, should be considered in the elucidation of the relationship between obesity and coronary heart disease. HDL-cholesterol appears to be a powerful independent protective factor which is diminished in obesity. Despite the fact that studies proving a prolongation of life by treating obesity are not available, the treatment of obesity may be beneficial for the patient by diminishing risk factors.
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PMID:[Obesity and cardiovascular risk]. 64 7

Fasting insulinemie levels and after overload with oral glucose are studied in a group of 30 overweight children aged between 2--12 years. The results are: An increase in insulin secretion according to the age only in the overload test. The insulin and glucose areas in the overweight child is statistically bigger than in the healthy child. We conclude that hyperinsulinism in obesity, may be related with a insuline-resistance and with some kind of glucose intolerance.
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PMID:[Fasting insulinemie levels and after overload with oral glucose in overweight children (author's transl)]. 65 11

A retrospective interview study was undertaken of 14 spousal pairs in which one member had undergone the intestinal bypass procedure for massive obesity. Much unanticipated marital discord occurred. Sexual problems were particularly troublesome and affected both members in the spousal pairs. The results point to the role of massive obesity as a selective and stabilizing factor in the marriages of this subset of overweight persons.
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PMID:Marital changes after intestinal bypass surgery. 66 Aug 89

Amongst a group of 819 children and adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years and attending a public school, the distribution of blood pressure was determined in relation to age, sex, height-weight ratio and family history. Mean blood pressure values increased with age both sexes for both systolic and diastolic levels. Children outside the norms, blood pressure 2SD, should be considered to be hypertensive and be followed up. The prevalence of systolic hypertension was 3.95 per cent amongst the boys and 3,83 per cent amongst girls. That for diastolic hypertension was 7.33 per cent for boys and 6.97 per cent for girls. Obesity appeared to be the major factor associated with hypertension since half of the hypertensive individuals were overweight. Individual prevention is thus possible. The existence of a family history of hypertension and of obesity more particularly in obese hypertensive children should lead to steps aimed at the familial prevention of hypertension.
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PMID:[Essential hypertension in the child and the adolescent. Epidemiological study in schools (author's transl)]. 66 41

Issuing from the present state of the influence of the basic nutritive substances (protein, fat, carbohydrates) and various nutritive factors discussed again and again (cholesterol, erucaic acid, sodium, calcium/magnesium quotient, pressor amines) on the development of the arteriosclerosis, the indididual factors of influence are critically evaluated. The investigations are getting under way, so that ascertained results are standing beside insufficiently claified or open problems, From the abundance of the observations conclusions are drawn which are of significance for practice. Unfavourable influences of nutrition on the factors of risk (hyperlipoproteinaemia, disturbance of the carbohydrate tolerance, hyperuricaemia, hyperalimentation) and on the manifest diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, uric arthritis, obesity) of the metabolic syndrome which finally contribute to the development of arteriosclerosis are emphasized. In front of this background a clinically and ambulatorily tested basic metabolic diet is described. About 20% of the energy content (kcal or kJ) of this diet are protein, 35% fat and 45% are carbohydrates. The saturated fatty acids lie below 30%, the manifold saturated fatty acids, however, above 20% of the total fat proportion. The cholesterol content is below 400 mg, the purin-nitrogen below 200 mg, and the sodium content is about 2g per day. This diet can be produced for the treatment of persons with normal weight and overweight in different energetic degradations.
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PMID:[Nutrition and arteriosclerosis]. 70

Study of DPP extended over 2 groups selected as following: It was prospective in every patient seen between July 1976 and May 1977 (systematic study: SS: 35 girls and 2 boys). It was retrospective in another group before selected for importance of DPP (no systematic study: NSS: 34 girls and 6 boys). DPP were distributed into Dalpha (fear of any weight recovery), Dbeta (obsessing repercussion of a real defect, amplified in its perception) and Dgamma (delirious and obsessing conviction of a physical anomaly). We researched correlations with the type of AN (fixity or recession to childhood), premorbid weight-height ratio, overweight of the same-sex parent, important problems towards sexuality (ASC = Absolute sexual conflict = An entirely caused by a sexual difficulty, or PSC = Partial Sexual Conflict = difficulty towards sexuality when insuffisant to explain AN, or no sexual conflict), attitude towards pregnancy in cases of big-belly DPP. Every DPP were DPP of localized or generalized obesity. Dalpha is constant and pathognomonic. In females of SS, 37% presented Dbeta and 5% Dgamma before AN, 25% Dbeta and 11% Dgamma during AN. Among the 8 boys of the 2 studies, 3 presented Dgamma before AN, and everyone expressed their obsessing fear of "ugly grease". In 20% girls and 50% boys, explained aim of loss of weight was to "wipe out" the anomally DPP emphasized. We did not find any correlation between generalized DPP and studied elements, particularly with sexual conflicts (22% of our cases). The more frequent localized DPP was "big-belly"-DPP, always associated with overweight of the same sex parent, but as for other localized DPP, without any correlation with sexual conflicts, problems towards the father, neither reject of pregnancy.
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PMID:[Dysperception of body image and dysmorphophobias in mental anorexia. Apropos of 115 cases involving both sexes. II. Dysmorphophobias in mental anorexia]. 72 17


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