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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We retrospectively reviewed the records of 60 patients who had been referred for gastrointestinal manometry because of stasis after gastric surgery. Nausea, vomiting, bloating, abdominal pain, and weight loss were the most common symptoms. Two thirds of these patients had a well-documented history of peptic ulcer before their initial operations; in others, surgery was performed for other reasons, such as obesity (5%) or reflux esophagitis (8%). Twelve patients had undergone truncal vagotomy and a "drainage operation" and 48 had received a partial gastrectomy with a gastroenterostomy: Billroth I (n = 8), Billroth II (n = 11), Roux-en-Y (n = 29). All patients had recordings of gastrointestinal manometry; 16 also had a scintigraphic measurement of gastric emptying. Measurements were compared with data from healthy controls. Gastric manometry, which could be assessed only in the group with an intact antrum, was characterized by antral hypomotility (p less than 0.05). Gastric emptying studies showed rapid early emptying of liquids and delayed emptying of solids (both p less than 0.05). In the whole group, fasting jejunal motility was characterized by absence of phase II in 13, presence of bursts of phasic activity in 18, and abnormal propagation of phase III in 8. A significantly increased frequency of phase III of MMC was noted in the patients after Billroth II and Roux-en-Y operations. Postprandially, 19 patients failed to develop a "fed pattern."(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Stasis syndromes following gastric surgery: clinical and motility features of 60 symptomatic patients. 222 93

A 20-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with acute, severe neurologic symptoms 16 weeks after gastric banding for obesity. Her postoperative weight loss was 52 kg. Before admission she had protracted periods of vomiting with; hypokalemia. The etiology of the neurologic findings remains unclear. She responded slowly to adequate nutrition and recovered within 2 years.
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PMID:Polyneuropathy following gastric banding for obesity. Case report. 274 16

The mechanism by which intragastric balloons induce weight loss is not known, although they may act simply by reducing the amount of food needed to induce satiety. The knowledge that a balloon is present may influence the patients' eating patterns and reduce caloric intake and weight. In order to test whether the balloon or the secondary psychological effect caused weight loss, a double blind balloon versus sham procedure was devised with both groups receiving identical outpatient dietary advice (800 kcal/day). Twenty four obese women with body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 from an obesity clinic were studied. Twelve had the balloon and 12 the sham procedure. The balloon was removed after three months and the patients were followed for a further three months. There was significantly greater weight loss in the balloon group, mean weight loss (SD) of 7.33 (6.12) kg compared with the sham group, mean weight loss (SD) of 3.33 (3.9) kg (p less than 0.05). Weight loss was not maintained in all patients after balloon removal. Side effects were more common in the balloon group (abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting) but resolved by the second week. We conclude that the intragastric balloon is a safe and effective method of inducing weight loss in well motivated obese patients.
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PMID:Effect of the gastric balloon versus sham procedure on weight loss in obese subjects. 276

The perceptions concerning weight, dieting practices, and nutrition of 326 adolescent girls attending an upper middle-class parochial high school were studied in relation to their body weight. Underweight or overweight students were those with greater than 10% body weight differential for height. The high school students reported an exaggerated concern with obesity regardless of their body weight or nutrition knowledge. Underweight, normal weight, and overweight girls were dieting to lose weight and reported frequent self-weighing practices. As many as 51% (n = 60) of the underweight adolescents described themselves as extremely fearful of being overweight and 36% (n = 43) were preoccupied with body fat. A distorted perception of ideal body weight was documented, particularly among the underweight students; the greater the underestimation of perceived ideal body weight, the greater the actual deficit in ideal body weight for height of the students (r = .73; P less than .001). Normal weight and overweight girls had better concordance between their actual and perceived ideal body weight for height. The frequency of bingeing and vomiting behaviors was similar among the three weight categories. The data suggest that fear of obesity and inappropriate eating behaviors are pervasive among adolescent girls regardless of body weight or nutrition knowledge.
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PMID:Fear of obesity among adolescent girls. 291 43

We compared 23 obese subjects meeting DSM-III criteria for bulimia with 47 obese nonbulimic subjects and 47 normal-weight bulimic subjects using structured diagnostic interviews. The obese bulimic subjects were similar to the normal-weight bulimic subjects but different from the nonbulimic obese subjects in exhibiting a high lifetime rate of major affective disorder. However, the obese bulimic subjects were much less likely than the normal-weight bulimic subjects to use self-induced vomiting as a method of purging. These results suggest that obese individuals with bulimic symptoms may constitute a sizable but little-recognized population. Further studies will be required, however, to assess whether the syndrome of bulimia in obesity represents a valid diagnostic entity.
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PMID:Bulimia in obese individuals. Relationship to normal-weight bulimia. 334 87

A gastric balloon was endoscopically implanted in seven over-weight (36-58%) patients to achieve weight reduction on an out-patient basis. During the period of observation four patients spontaneously passed the balloon transanally, one after brief intestinal obstruction with abdominal cramps and vomiting, another with the development of ileus, which responded to eight days of conservative treatment. The occurrence of such not insignificant side effects suggests that at present the use of endoscopic implantation of gastric balloons is not a reasonable way of treating obesity.
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PMID:[Endoscopic implantation of a gastric balloon--a method of weight reduction with few complications?]. 338 57

The first 200 consecutive laparoscopic sterilizations at the Churchill Hospital, Oxford, using local anesthesia and Filshie clips, are presented in detail. 4 or 5 operations were scheduled per half day, with a gynecologist-surgeon, an anesthetist, and 4 nurses. Most patients received only local anesthesia, with care to reach the peritoneal layer; those with anxiety also received midazolam. Lignocaine was dropped on the clip sites. The laparoscope was a 7 mm Storz. After the procedure, gas was expelled with the Valsalva maneuver, and No. 1 silk sutures were applied where necessary. Vaginal manipulation was needed in 38 women for retroverted uterus. Other difficulties included adhesions precluding completion of the operation in 1 and obesity in another, and in 10 others minor adhesions, or omentum or bowel overlying the field. Postoperative complaints included pain in 148 treated with iv or oral analgesics, vomiting in 10, hypotension in 8. 194 of the women returned questionnaires about the experience, and 91% of these said they would recommend laparoscopic sterilization under local anesthesia to a friend. It was felt that elimination of preoperative pain medication, used in the first few patients, as well as early mobilization, sped up recovery. The specific pain complaints were fewer than those in several reports, possibly because of the gentler handling entailed in a procedure done by local, rather than general, anesthesia.
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PMID:Two hundred out-patient laparoscopic clip sterilizations using local anaesthesia. 358 Mar 29

The results of gastric banding for obesity were studied in 72 patients. The tension of the band around the stomach was successively decreased because of vomiting. The change resulted in less problems with vomiting and fewer reoperations, but also less weight loss. Statistically significant correlation was found between the Broca index before gastric banding and a year later. The superobese patients (greater than 100% overweight) had significant residual obesity when they reached stable body weight after about a year. Some metabolic changes were found postoperatively, e.g. improved results of liver function tests, reduced serum triglycerides, commonly sideropenia and occasionally hypokalemia.
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PMID:Weight loss and some metabolic consequences of gastric banding with different band tension. 361 64

Inability to vomit has been cited as characteristic of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Although post-prandial vomiting after gastric by-pass surgery has been reported, neither vomiting under "typical" circumstances or rumination have been described. Prompted by the discovery of several cases of vomiting and rumination, a questionnaire was sent to members of the PWS Association. Approximately 36% (113/313) of affected individuals reportedly experienced at least one episode of vomiting. Induced vomiting was unsuccessful in 9 of 14 cases in whom results were known. However, no complications of Ipecac were reported. We suggest that there is an alteration in the physiologic set-point at which vomiting occurs, leading to a decreased propensity to vomit. Liberal and strict definitions of rumination yielded 15.7% and 10.2% positive responses, respectively. Rumination was associated with a history of vomiting. Enamel deterioration consistent with rumination has been observed, and such changes should be looked for in all PWS children. In several instances, rumination was found to decrease when very strict weight control was lessened. Certain individuals may ruminate under too strict a weight control program, and weight control goals should be evaluated to achieve a reasonable compromise between ideal weight and obesity. Vomiting and rumination do not rule out the diagnosis of PWS.
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PMID:Rumination and vomiting in Prader-Willi syndrome. 368 27

The case of a 60-year-old woman with pheochromocytoma and concomitant adrenocortical adenoma in the same gland is presented. She complained of episodic headache, palpitation, nausea, vomiting and sweating. Physical examination revealed that the patient has generalized obesity, wet skin and paroxysmal hypertension, but no signs of Cushing's syndrome. Elevated levels of urinary noradrenaline, adrenaline and total metanephrine were sequentially observed. In addition, urinary 17-OHCS was also slightly elevated, but plasma cortisol was normal and suppressed after oral administration of 0.5 mg of dexamethasone. Abdominal echography and CT scanning demonstrated a left adrenal tumor, which took up both 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine and 75Se-scintadoren in the same region. A left adrenalectomy was performed and the tumor was found to consist of two parts, pheochromocytoma (2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 cm) and cortical adenoma (2.5 X 3 X 5 cm). A total of 23 reported cases showing evidence of hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex and the medulla were noted. So far as we know, this patient was the second case of pheochromocytoma with adrenocortical adenoma in Japan.
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PMID:Pheochromocytoma associated with adrenocortical adenoma: case report and literature review. 372 Jun 79


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