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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

All doctors, and most of their patients, are familiar with the consequences of stroke. In 1985 more than 70,000 men and women over the age of 65 died after a stroke and only one third of the survivors of stroke made a good recovery. It is thus a major source of chronic disability, placing a very heavy burden on patients' relatives and friends and consuming a great deal of NHS resources. The purpose of this Report is to set out guidelines for the clinical, radiological and pathological assessment of stroke, to suggest how to care for and rehabilitate patients who have suffered a stroke, and to evaluate and recommend measures for its prevention. The Report emphasises the need to use standard terms for the clinical description and classification of stroke, and the assessment of degrees of disability. It traces its changing epidemiology in the UK and in other countries and assesses the significance of putative risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, obesity, alcohol, diabetes, serum cholesterol, oral contraceptives and ischaemic heart disease. It sets out the indications for admitting patients to hospital and how they should be investigated, including the value of CT scanning at different intervals after the stroke has occurred. The Report describes the organisational aspects of the care of stroke patients during the acute phase, in the early recovery phase and in the longer term rehabilitation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Stroke. Towards better management. Summary and recommendations of a report of the Royal College of Physicians. 230 9

A systematic review of the literature on the treatment and prevention of obesity carried out by the NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) demonstrates that the prevalence of excess weight and obesity are on the increase. The review indicates that certain interventions in primary care can be effective, while surgery appears to be most effective in severe obesity. It highlights limitations in the available research in the area. The article is abstracted from the April 1997 issue of Effective Health Care published by the NHS CRD.
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PMID:What are the best ways of tackling obesity? 920 82

Reduction mammaplasty is rationed in NHS plastic surgery provision, despite abundant evidence that most women who undergo this operation obtain significant improvement in their physical health and quality of life. We suspected that women seeking reduction mammaplasty often wear ill-fitting bras, which may exacerbate some of their symptoms. Therefore, we studied 103 women who attended a nurse-run pre-assessment clinic, asking them what size bra they currently wore and then measuring them to see whether their bra size was correct. We also questioned bra manufacturers, designers and shop bra fitters about bra manufacture, sizing and fitting techniques, and we reviewed these findings. Of the 102 women suitable for inclusion in the study, all wore the wrong size bra. Their mean 'claimed' back measurement was 36 inches (range: 30-42 in.) and their mean cup size was F (range: C-J). We found that all but one underestimated their back measurement (by a mean of 4 in.; range: -2-10 in.) and overestimated their cup size (by a mean of three sizes; range: one size smaller to seven sizes larger) when compared with manufacturers' fitting guidelines. Multiple regression analysis used to assess the relationships of various factors to incorrect bra sizing showed a strong link (Pearson correlation=0.54; P<0.001) between obesity and inaccurate back measurement. The reasons why women with breast hypertrophy wear incorrectly fitting bras are discussed. We conclude that obesity, breast hypertrophy, fashion and bra-fitting practices combine to make those women who most need supportive bras the least likely to get accurately fitted bras, so exacerbating the symptoms for which they seek surgery.
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PMID:An investigation of the suitability of bra fit in women referred for reduction mammaplasty. 1530 13

Obesity-associated co-morbidities cost the UK at least 0.5 bn Pound a year in NHS treatment, and many adults in the UK are trying to lose weight. Dr Atkins' Diet Revolution focuses on the consumption of proteins and fats as primary calorie and energy sources, while severely restricting carbohydrates. However, this contradicts conventional advice, which advocates a low-fat diet and exercise for weight reduction.
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PMID:Understanding the implications of adopting the Atkins' diet. 1462 39

Practice nurses are ideally placed to tackle obesity and reduce its impact on health and NHS finances--but to give patients the right support, they need appropriate training, materials and support themselves. A programme being tested in various practices across the UK is providing this, with positive results. This paper looks at progress made in one practice.
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PMID:The counterweight programme: tackling obesity in primary care. 1515 4

Preventing ill health and obesity and building more physical activity into our daily lives have never been so high on the agenda, and the way we travel can help. Many workplaces and schools are drawing up travel plans, with the aims usually to minimise car use and encourage healthier and more environmentally friendly travel. The Transport White Paper of 1998 advocated travel plans and singled out hospitals for action. Travel plans continue to be a focus within the latest Transport White Paper, launched in July 2004. This article covers various prompts to the health sector to implement travel plans. It addresses issues and concerns facing NHS Trusts, the practical things Trusts can do, and the increasing amount of good practice available. Finally, it demonstrates that travel plans can work, and are working, in the health sector.
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PMID:Improving health sector travel. 1551 Apr 46

Obesity has been calculated traditionally by body mass index, but measuring waist circumference might be a more accurate way of identifying people at risk of cardiovascular disease. Excess visceral fat predisposes to several diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The total cost to the NHS of obesity in 2001 was pounds sterling 2.5 billion. Waist circumference correlates well with visceral fat content.
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PMID:The right measure. 1642 62

While obesity is the hot topic in dietetics, malnutrition costs the NHS far more. Recent guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) have addressed the problem but with the NHS strapped for cash, it is unlikely to be a high priority. Older people, especially those with long-term conditions, are vulnerable to malnutrition. Malnutrition is estimated to cost the UK pounds 73 billion a year. Malnourished people take longer to recover from illness and are more prone to complications.
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PMID:Hungry for help. 1680 85

Suboptimal diets, sedentary lifestyles, overweight and obesity expose two-thirds of women in England aged over 50 to a heightened risk of lifestyle-related morbidities. The UK's NHS Breast Cancer Screening Programme now reaches 75% of all women aged 53-64 but provides only mammography screening. This cross-sectional survey of 413 women attending two NHS breast screening clinics in North Yorkshire found that the majority of women were interested in having diet and exercise advice at screening clinics and anticipated a neutral or positive effect on their future screening appointments. Interest was highest among older, less educated and overweight women suggesting that this may be a particularly effective medium for reaching higher risk subgroups. Women showed most interest in problem-solving advice, which provided short-term, life-enhancing benefits such as looking and feeling better, having more energy, losing weight and reducing menopausal symptoms, as well as potentially reducing their disease risk. Most appeared to find doing sufficient exercise more problematic than eating healthily and this might be exacerbated by low awareness of exercise guidelines. Given a choice, preferences were to access advice in leaflets or one to one from an expert; however, many younger, professional women were also interested in computer access. Findings indicate the need first for flexible, multi-level access, combining some broad-based information dissemination with pathways to more personalized support and secondly for the relevant 'consumer benefits' associated with better diet and exercise to be promoted as well as longer-term disease prevention. Overall, this study indicates that the UK's NHS Breast Cancer Screening Programme may be uniquely placed to provide health-enhancing advice as well as mammography screening to the majority of women in England, throughout the course of their mid-life.
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PMID:Health promotion at NHS breast cancer screening clinics in the UK. 1721 47

Obesity surgery is the most cost-effective form of treatment for morbid obesity. Unfortunately the NHS has failed to provide widespread comprehensive assessment and obesity surgical services. As a result we are lagging behind many developed countries to the detriment of our patients.
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PMID:Obesity: surgical management. 1737 Jul 6


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