Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-five severely obese patients were treated with jaw fixation as a means of initiating weight loss. Patients who reported eating for consolation showed significantly greater difficulties in maintaining the achieved weight loss than the others. This finding constitutes further evidence of a relationship between obesity and depression. Low capacity to experience feelings of aggressiveness also seems to be linked to poor treatment results.
 ...
PMID:Psychiatric determinants of weight changes in jaw-fixed obese patients. 370 97

We live in an overweight society. Although food consumption has not increased dramatically over the last two decades, physical activity has markedly diminished. However, recent studies suggest that weights up to 20% above ideal body weight do not carry a significant risk of increased mortality in the absence of other chronic diseases. A team approach helps maintain patient motivation, the key to an effective weight-loss program. An efficient weight-loss and weight-maintenance program in the moderately obese patient includes modification of eating patterns, an individualized balanced fuel-source diet, and an exercise program to allow caloric deficit of approximately 500 calories a day. We must realize that for morbidly obese patients in whom the amount of caloric restriction necessary to reach and maintain a desirable body weight may be incompatible with a reasonable quality of life, surgery is warranted. The aggressiveness of our therapeutic regimen should always depend on the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with the patient's degree of obesity.
 ...
PMID:Management of obesity. 380 54

In a comparison of 51 women suffering from biliary calculi and 74 women chosen at random by means of T-tests in GT, FAF and FPI, significant differences occurred in various scales. The test group differed from the control group in respect to aggressiveness, propensity toward depression and emotional instability. The test subjects suffering from biliary calculi were also given a 16 PF as well as a questionnaire on afflictions and risk factors, obesity dominating among the latter. With the help of discriminant analysis four-fifth of the participants could be correctly associated with their group. A conclusion concerning psychosomatic and psychodynamic correlations could only be reached by means of comparison with a psychoanalytical study.
 ...
PMID:[Psychosomatic aspects of gallstones. A test psychological study of female gallstone patients with clinical symptoms in comparison with a psychoanalytic study of gallstones]. 728 20

The increasing amount of time children are spending on computers at home and school has raised questions about how the use of computer technology may make a difference in their lives--from helping with homework to causing depression to encouraging violent behavior. This article provides an overview of the limited research on the effects of home computer use on children's physical, cognitive, and social development. Initial research suggests, for example, that access to computers increases the total amount of time children spend in front of a television or computer screen at the expense of other activities, thereby putting them at risk for obesity. At the same time, cognitive research suggests that playing computer games can be an important building block to computer literacy because it enhances children's ability to read and visualize images in three-dimensional space and track multiple images simultaneously. The limited evidence available also indicates that home computer use is linked to slightly better academic performance. The research findings are more mixed, however, regarding the effects on children's social development. Although little evidence indicates that the moderate use of computers to play games has a negative impact on children's friendships and family relationships, recent survey data show that increased use of the Internet may be linked to increases in loneliness and depression. Of most concern are the findings that playing violent computer games may increase aggressiveness and desensitize a child to suffering, and that the use of computers may blur a child's ability to distinguish real life from simulation. The authors conclude that more systematic research is needed in these areas to help parents and policymakers maximize the positive effects and to minimize the negative effects of home computers in children's lives.
 ...
PMID:The impact of home computer use on children's activities and development. 1125 3

In males, aging, health and disease are processes that occur over physiologic time and involve a cascade of hormonal, biochemical and physiological changes that accompany the down-regulation of the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-testicular axis. As aging progresses there are relative increases of body fat and decreases in muscle mass. The increased adipose tissue mass is associated with the production of a number of newly generated factors. These include aromatase, leptin, PAI-1, insulin resistance, and the dyslipidemias, all of which can lead to tissue damage. Fatty tissue becomes the focal point for study as it represents the intersection between energy storage and mobilization. The increase in adipose tissue is associated with an increase in the enzyme aromatase that converts testosterone to estradiol and leads to diminished testosterone levels that favor the preferential deposition of visceral fat. As the total body fat mass increases, hormone resistance develops for leptin and insulin. Increasing leptin fails to prevent weight gain and the hypogonadal-obesity cycle ensues causing further visceral obesity and insulin resistance. The progressive insulin resistance leads to a high triglyceride-low HDL pattern of dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk. All of these factors eventually contribute to the CHAOS Complex: coronary disease, hypertension, adult-onset diabetes mellitus, obesity and/or stroke as permanent changes unfold. Other consequences of the chronic hypogonadal state include osteopenia, extreme fatigue, depression, insomnia, loss of aggressiveness and erectile dysfunction all of which develop over variable periods of time.
 ...
PMID:Aromatase, adiposity, aging and disease. The hypogonadal-metabolic-atherogenic-disease and aging connection. 1139 22

The pediatric obesity has become a real problem for the public health. One estimates that about 16% of the Belgian pediatric population and up to 33% of the Americans are concerned by this problematic. 70% of the teenagers will remain obese once adult if no treatment is proposed during the childhood. Because of that evolution, some journalists wrote: "that the old continent would be able to catch up with the new world in the next ten years". The malnutrition is not however the only factor at the origin of the obesity. The sedentary lifestyle (lack of exercise, TV, Internet, video games) the domestic organization, the "various emotional stress "are to be blamed. It is without taking into consideration the paradox of our consumption society that while extolling the cult of the slim, young and dynamic body, etc., pushes us to consume more, encouraging in some social and cultural surroundings to go for the immediate pleasure to the detriment of the knowledge - understanding - of our own body. Which places the obese child in an existential paradox. If on top of it there is a domestic predisposition to the plumpness, the kilograms in excess are threatening the unsecured child and new sufferings stand out on the horizon : relational unrests, isolation, social dismissal, reduction of the esteem of selfesteem as well as lack of confidence, less freedom, depression, etc. Not only are they victims of mockeries, aggressiveness and exclusion, the children put their health in danger. On those children we can notice an increase of the impact of cardiovascular pathologies, diabetes, cancers of the intestines, etc. In "Clairs Vallons" we put the hypothesis that the children and the teenagers who come here in custody could suffer from a lack of presence as well as people listening to them and that therefore to would search for comfort in eating. We consider that all interventions based solely on the interdiction of the symptom have no result, causes more suffering and a displacement of the symptom. The therapeutic work to the Dietary Residency of "Clairs Vallons" consists therefore in a global approach of the child within a multidisciplinary team (pediatrician, dietitian, psychologist, physiotherapist, social assistant, orthofenist, educator and teacher) all united around the concept "to eat happy".
 ...
PMID:[Multidisciplinary approach of the obese child to the dietary residency of "Clairs Vallons"]. 1624 Aug 63

Studies on obesity and prostate cancer risk are inconsistent, perhaps because of differential effects on aggressive and nonaggressive cancers. Participants included 34,754 men residing in Washington State (aged 50-76 years at baseline) in a prospective cohort study who were recruited between 2000 and 2002; 383 developed aggressive (regional/distant stage or Gleason sum 7-10) and 437 developed nonaggressive disease through December 2004. Compared with normal-weight men (body mass index (kg/m(2)) <25), obese men (> or = 30 kg/m(2)) had a reduced risk of nonaggressive disease (hazard ratio = 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.52, 0.93; p for trend = 0.01). Overweight men (25-29.9 kg/m(2)) had an increased risk of aggressive disease (hazard ratio = 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.8), but there was no increased risk for obese men (p for trend = 0.69). Body mass index of >25 at age 18 years was associated with increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer; obesity at ages 30 and 45, but not 18, years was associated with reduced risk of nonaggressive prostate cancer. Height (fourth vs. first quartile) was associated with an increased risk of total prostate cancer (hazard ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.6), which did not differ by aggressiveness. There were no associations of prostate cancer with age at which maximum height was reached. Results from this study demonstrate the complexity of prostate cancer epidemiology and the importance of examining risk factors by tumor characteristics.
 ...
PMID:Anthropometrics and prostate cancer risk. 1739 97

Both obesity and prostate cancer are epidemic in Western society. Although initial epidemiologic data appeared conflicting, recent studies, especially large prospective studies published in the past 6-12 months, have clarified the association between obesity and prostate cancer. The aim of this paper is to review the epidemiologic data linking obesity and prostate cancer, with an emphasis on new data published since 2005. A PubMed search was done on the keywords, "prostate cancer" and "obesity." Relevant articles and their references were reviewed for data on the association between obesity and prostate cancer. Recent data suggest that obesity is associated with reduced risk of nonaggressive disease but increased risk of aggressive disease. This may in part be explained by an inherent bias in our ability to detect prostate cancer in obese men (lower prostate-specific antigen values and larger sized prostates making biopsy less accurate for finding an existing cancer). Ultimately, this leads to increased risk of cancer recurrence after primary therapy and increased risk of prostate cancer mortality. The biologic causes of these associations are likely multifactorial, although the lower testosterone levels among obese men appear to be one of the most promising explanations. The association between obesity and prostate cancer is complex. Emerging data suggest a differential effect of obesity by disease aggressiveness: obesity may reduce the risk of nonaggressive disease while it may promote aggressive disease.
 ...
PMID:Obesity and prostate cancer: making sense out of apparently conflicting data. 1747 39

Although obesity has been consistently linked to an increased risk of several malignancies, including cancers of the colon, gallbladder, kidney, and pancreas, its role in prostate cancer etiology remains elusive. Data on the association between obesity and prostate cancer incidence are inconsistent, and in some studies obesity is associated with an increase in risk of high-grade prostate cancer but with a decrease in risk of low-grade tumors. In contrast, obesity has been consistently associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer aggressiveness and mortality. The differential effects of obesity on subtypes of prostate cancer suggest etiologic heterogeneity in these tumors and complex interactions between androgen metabolism and several putative risk factors, including insulin resistance, diabetes, inflammation, and genetic susceptibility, on prostate cancer risk. Data on the role of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in prostate cancer etiology are limited. Obesity has been shown to be associated with a state of low-grade chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome are associated with adverse metabolic profiles and with higher circulating concentrations of inflammation-related markers, including leptin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-, many of which have been shown to enhance tumor growth. Thus, whether obesity and metabolic syndrome modulate the risk of prostate cancer through chronic inflammation needs to be investigated further. Given that the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide and that the world population is aging, the roles of obesity and metabolic syndrome in prostate carcinogenesis warrant further clarification.
 ...
PMID:Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and prostate cancer. 1826 78

Obesity is associated with increased risk of positive surgical margins and prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence among men undergoing radical prostatectomy. To what degree positive margins contribute to poorer outcome is unclear. Thus, we sought to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and more objective measures of tumor aggressiveness, tumor grade and size. We carried out a retrospective analysis of 2302 patients treated with radical prostatectomy at the Duke Prostate Center from 1988-2007. Tumor volume was calculated by multiplying prostate weight by percent of specimen involved with cancer. Associations between BMI and tumor volume and high-grade disease (Gleason >or=4+3) independent of pre-operative clinical characteristics of age, race, PSA, clinical stage, biopsy Gleason sum, and year of surgery were assessed using linear and logistic regression, respectively. Mean and median BMI among all subjects was 28.1 and 27.6 kg m(-2), respectively. Increased BMI was significantly associated with younger age (P<0.001), black race (P<0.001), more recent year of surgery (P<0.001), and positive surgical margins (P<0.001). After adjusting for multiple clinical pre-operative characteristics, higher BMI was associated with a greater percent of the prostate involved with cancer (P=0.003), increased tumor volume (P<0.001), and high-grade disease (P=0.007). Men with a BMI >or=35 kg m(2) had nearly 40% larger mean tumor volumes than normal weight men (5.1 versus 3.7 cc), after adjustment for multiple clinical characteristics. In this study, obese men undergoing radical prostatectomy had higher-grade and larger tumors, providing further evidence that obese men undergoing radical prostatectomy have more aggressive prostate cancers.
 ...
PMID:Obese men have higher-grade and larger tumors: an analysis of the duke prostate center database. 1958 22


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>