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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic chemical used in the production of plastics since the 1950s and a known endocrine disruptor, is a ubiquitous component of the material environment and human body. New research on very-low-dose exposure to BPA suggests an association with adverse health effects, including breast and prostate cancer, obesity, neurobehavioral problems, and reproductive abnormalities. These findings challenge the long-standing scientific and legal presumption of BPA's safety. The history of how BPA's safety was defined and defended provides critical insight into the questions now facing lawmakers and regulators: is BPA safe, and if not, what steps must be taken to protect the public's health? Answers to both questions involve reforms in chemical policy, with implications beyond BPA.
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PMID:The politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol a "safety". 1989 Jan 58

Genomic copy number imbalances are being increasingly identified as an important cause of intellectual disability and behavioral abnormalities. The typical deletion in WAGR syndrome encompasses the PAX6 and WT1 genes, but larger deletions have been associated with neurobehavioral abnormalities and obesity. We identified four patients with overlapping interstitial deletions on 11p14.1 and extending telomeric to the WAGR critical domain. The minimal overlapping critical chromosomal region was 2.3 Mb at 11p14.1. The deletions encompass the BDNF and LIN7C genes that are implicated in the regulation of development and differentiation of neurons and synaptic transmission. All patients with this deletion exhibit variable degrees of developmental delay, behavioral problems, and obesity. Our data show that ADHD, autism, developmental delay, and obesity are highly associated with deletion involving 11p14.1 and provide additional support for a significant role of BDNF in obesity and neurobehavioral problems.
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PMID:11p14.1 microdeletions associated with ADHD, autism, developmental delay, and obesity. 2156 7

Maternal obesity in pregnancy is associated with neurobehavioral problems in the offspring. Establishing causality has been challenging in existing human studies, due to confounding by genetic and postnatal environment. Animal experiments can improve our understanding of this association. This systematic review examined the effects of maternal obesity in pregnancy on offspring neurobehavior in animal models. We included 26 studies (1047 offspring animals). Meta-analyses showed that offspring of obese mothers displayed higher levels of locomotor activity (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.34 [0.10; 0.58]) and anxiety behavior (SMD 0.47 [0.16; 0.79]) than offspring of lean mothers, but similar memory abilities (SMD -0.06 [-0.52; 0.39]). Meta-analysis of learning abilities was not sensible due to heterogeneity. Although the evidence was heterogeneous and the quality of the included studies generally unclear, this systematic review of animal studies indicates an effect of maternal obesity on increased offspring locomotor activity and anxiety, but not on offspring memory performance. These findings may be important from a public health perspective since obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide, and warrant further research.
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PMID:The link between maternal obesity and offspring neurobehavior: A systematic review of animal experiments. 3061