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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human obesity is a manifestation of a positive energy balance. A variety of different factors influence this balance. The varieties of human obesity may be classified as follows: 1. Childhood onset with or without an increased number of adipocytes; 2. The syndromes of neuroendocrine dysfunction including hypothalamic obesity, Cushing's disease, and hyperinsulinism; 3. Dietary obesity; 4. Obesity due to physical inactivity; and 5. Genetic forms of obesity. Among the genetic form of obesity are the Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Alstrom's syndrome, and possibly the Prader-Willi syndrome. Studies in experimental animals have increased our understanding of two of these forms of human obesity. These are: 1. Hypothalamic obesity associated with decreased sympathetic activity, hyperphagia and an increased secretion of insulin. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy can reverse this syndrome; 2. Genetic forms of obesity inherited as recessive or dominant traits.
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PMID:Human obesity and some of its experimental counterparts. 11 2

The cases of two children affected from LMBB syndrome are reported. The first child was six years old, suffering from obesity and mild mental retardation; the other was two years old, suffering from hexadactyly and obesity. In both children the suspected diagnosis of LMBB syndrome was verified by the electroetinographic evidence of a tapetoretinal degeneration although the fundi were atypical. A third child, the younger brother of the second case, presented an atypical pigmentation of the retina and the electroretinographic changes of a tapeto-retinal degeneration. Since tapeto-retinal degeneration, which is the most common of the main signs of the syndrome, is not always recognized by ophthalmoscopy in early childhood, the clinical value of electroretinography in making an early diagnosis is emphasized.
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PMID:Electroretinography and diagnosis of the Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome in childhood. 57 82

The Author presents two cases of Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome, characterized from a rare psychopathologic symptom consisting in a state of delirium (first case); by lack of obesity and oligophrenia (first case), and of familiarity (second case).
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PMID:[Nosography of the Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome]. 100 77

The Bardet-Biedl syndrome is characterized by polydactyly, hypogonadism, obesity, mental retardation, and retinitis pigmentosa. Several other skeletal findings include hip dysplasia, short stature, and skull deformities. The patient described in this report has the classic findings of Bardet-Biedl syndrome in conjunction with tibia vara and irregular physes of the lower extremities.
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PMID:Tibia vara in a patient with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. 143 82

An isolated case of Bardet-Biedl syndrome in a 12 year-old Zimbabwean boy is described. The patient presented with retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, mental retardation, obesity and hypogenitalism. To the best of the author's knowledge, it is the first paediatric case described in the African literature.
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PMID:Bardet-Biedl syndrome in a Zimbabwean child. 181 31

We report a case of Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Syndrome with all five recognised features: tapetoretinal dystrophy, polydactily, obesity, mental retardation and hypogonadism. Nevertheless the correct diagnosis was delayed due to the fact, that the patient has a macular dystrophy (instead of a pigmentary retinopathy). He had an operation of the polydactily during childhood. This was not revealed at first. The case underlines the importance of an exact anamnesis of the parents.
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PMID:[Case report of Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome]. 188 81

A 36 year old patient known to suffer from the Laurence-Moon-Biedl-Bardet syndrome (LMBBS) developed spastic quadriparesis. The typical features of the syndrome, presented by this patient were polydactyly, obesity, hypogonadism, retinitis pigmentosa and relative mental retardation. Severe spinal cervical and lumbar canal stenosis imaged by plain X-rays and computerised tomography was found. Magnetic resonance imaging showed significant atrophy of the spinal cord, indicating that the cause of the quadriparesis was cervical myelopathy. The patient underwent laminoplasty with some improvement.
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PMID:Quadriparesis in the Laurence-Moon-Biedl-Bardet syndrome: case report. 188 35

Tapetoretinal degeneration, obesity, polydactyly, mental retardation, and hypogonadism are the cardinal signs of Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Formerly grouped with Laurence-Moon syndrome, Bardet-Biedl has established itself as a separate entity. It is one of the rare systemic diseases associated with a form of retinitis pigmentosa. Presented here is a case report of a child first diagnosed with this condition. The importance of identifying the systemic signs, ocular involvement, electrophysiologic testing, genetics, and management are discussed.
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PMID:Bardet-Biedl syndrome. 208 29

A case report of the rare Lawrence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Syndrome in a 10-year old Nigerian boy is presented. The findings were obesity, mental retardation, polydactyly hypogonadism, macula degeneration and retinities pigmentosa.
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PMID:Lawrence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome: a case report. 227 40

The Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pigmentary retinopathy, obesity, polydactyly, hypogonadism, and mental retardation. Renal abnormalities, hypertension, acquired heart disease, and hepatic fibrosis also occur in homozygotes. Two adult Bardet-Biedl sibs, a man with hypertension and cardiomegaly and a woman with biliary cirrhosis, and 75 relatives in 5 generations of the extended family were identified. Hospital records for major illnesses, death certificates, and autopsy reports were examined. The frequent observation of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and renal disease in first-degree relatives, obligate gene carriers, and other blood relatives raise the possibility that Bardet-Biedl heterozygotes are also predisposed to these disorders.
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PMID:Obesity, hypertension, and renal disease in relatives of Bardet-Biedl syndrome sibs. 187 34


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