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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The histopathology of dysbaric osteonecrosis and the influence of the number of exposures, compression rate, and obesity on the incidence and latency of the lesion were studied in 438 mice (2505 bones were examined). The animals were subjected to 75 psig air pressure for 2-6 hours (single or multiple exposures). Compression was rapid or stage. Decompression was safe. Osteonecrosis developed in the epiphysis of the tibia and/or femur in 34.1% of obese and in 5.8% of thin animals after a latent period of 2 to at least 12 months. It was concluded that: 1. dysbaric osteonecrosis appears to be independent of decompression sickness; 2. in obese mice the incidence is higher and the latent period shorter; 3. multiple exposures result in higher incidence and earlier lesions than single exposure; 4. the incidence is lower with stage than with rapid compression; 5. the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis may involve several factors (circulatory impairment by extravascular or intravascular bubbles, emboli, thrombi, vasoactive substances, gas-induced osmosis, autoimmunity) acting in concert or in sequence.
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PMID:Dysbaric osteonecrosis in mice. 95 27

The risk of chondrolysis and avascular necrosis (AVN) in black children treated for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is controversial. A retrospective study was conducted of 29 black patients (44 hips) treated for SCFE at Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, to evaluate our own experience. All patients were treated with in situ pinning. The overall rates of chondrolysis and AVN were 6.8 and 4.5%, respectively. Fifty-two percent of patients had bilateral SCFE. Obesity was extremely common and correlated significantly with bilateral disease. Obesity did not correlate directly with a higher incidence of chondrolysis or AVN. Adherence to technical details described should reduce complications further.
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PMID:Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in black children: incidence of chondrolysis. 161 84

In 15 consecutive patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis we recorded height, weight and skeletal maturity. Sexual maturity was assessed clinically and biochemically, and Harris's hypothesis that there is an increased ratio of serum growth hormone to oestrogen was tested in comparison with 15 age and sex matched controls. We found no difference in skeletal or sexual maturity between the groups, or any overt endocrine abnormality in the patients. However almost half the patients with slipped epiphysis were over the 90th weight percentile, suggesting that mechanical factors such as obesity are more important aetiologically than endocrine abnormalities.
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PMID:Hormone status in patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis. 252 39

Bone mass and growth were studied in mice with genetic diabetes (db/db) characterized by obesity, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, in their lean litter mates (db/+) and in non-diabetic mice of the same strain (+/+). No significant difference was observed between db/+ and +/+ mice. The length, bone mass, bone mineral mass, bone mineral density and content of moisture of the tibia of the db/db mice were significantly decreased compared with the db/+ and +/+ mice. Microradiographs of the distal femur diaphysis of the db/db mice showed a significant reduction of the spongious bone area and of the number and thickness of bone trabeculae with a normal mineralization. The amount of osteoid was significantly increased in the db/db mice. The area of cortical bone of the tibia epiphysis of the db/db mice was significantly decreased compared with the db/+ and +/+ mice. The data suggest the occurrence of osteopenia due to decreased mineralization in mice with genetic diabetes.
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PMID:Osteopenia in mice with genetic diabetes. 352 24

The degree of femoral anteversion in a group of obese adolescent children and a group of adolescent children of normal weight was determined by either magnetic resonance imaging or computerized axial tomography. Compared with the children of normal weight, the obese children showed a significantly reduced angle of femoral anteversion. Increased biomechanical forces generated across the hip joint of obese children leads to increased remodeling of the femoral neck. This may account for the association of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, reduced femoral anteversion, and obesity in the adolescent population.
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PMID:Obesity and decreased femoral anteversion in adolescence. 368 26

The pathogenesis of slipped upper femoral epiphysis is unknown but the condition has been linked with various endocrine disorders. Nine patients with slipped epiphyses in association with primary juvenile hypothyroidism are presented. In all patients, slipping occurred or symptoms developed in the affected hip before the hypothyroidism was diagnosed. A generalised pathology was suggested by the absence of trauma (8 patients), by bilateral slipping (6 patients), and by obesity and short stature in all patients. All cases had delayed skeletal maturation and characteristic metaphysial changes were seen on their radiographs. The clinical diagnosis of juvenile hypothyroidism can be difficult but it merits consideration in patients who have a slipped upper femoral epiphysis in association with short stature, obesity, delay in skeletal maturity, or any one of these.
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PMID:Slipped upper femoral epiphysis and primary juvenile hypothyroidism. 396 33

The authors have studied five cases of adolescents, four girls and one boy, affected of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, aged between twelve and fourteen years. They describe some clinical particularities and the analytical findings. The anthropometrical studies confirm that slipped capital femoral epiphysis is an entity observed in adolescents with overweight and obesity. The parameter showing fat, at the braquial and body level, are over two standard deviation of the local normal patterns.
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PMID:[Anthropometric characteristics of adolescents with primary epiphysiolysis]. 405 43

The association of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is described in a girl aged 9 years and 10 months. SCFE has never been reported associated with RTS, neither as an isolated anomaly, nor in a familial pedigree. However, a "stiff gait" is frequently described in RTS patients and, furthermore, obesity is a frequent feature of RTS patients. Some reports in the literature suggest the need for an early diagnosis of SCFE among adolescent relatives of patients with SCFE. Since many SCFEs are asymptomatic and an early diagnosis is essential for a favorable prognosis, we suggest an annual echotomographic or radiological examination of the hips in RTS patients.
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PMID:Slipped capital femoral epiphysis associated with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. 827 64

The records of 224 children who had a slipped capital femoral epiphysis and who had no underlying metabolic or endocrine disorder were studied retrospectively to investigate the epidemiology of bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Eighty-two (37 per cent) of the 224 children (fifty-one boys and thirty-one girls) had a bilateral slip. Sixty-four of these children were black and eighteen were white. The age at the time of the diagnosis of the first slip was 13 +/- 1.7 years (mean and standard deviation), the duration of the symptoms was 5 +/- 5.0 months, and the angle of the slip was 26 +/- 16 degrees. Obese children were younger at the time of the diagnosis of the first slip (12 +/- 1.6 compared with 13 +/- 1.6 years for the children who were not obese, p = 0.001). The diagnosis of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis was made simultaneously in both hips in forty-one children and sequentially in forty-one children. Compared with the children in whom both hips were diagnosed simultaneously, the children in whom the hips were diagnosed sequentially had had a shorter duration of the symptoms before the diagnosis of the first slip (3 +/- 2.4 compared with 7 +/- 5.9 months, p = 0.0003), were younger at the time of the diagnosis of the first slip (12 +/- 1.9 compared with 13 +/- 1.2 years, p = 0.001), and tended to be more obese (p = 0.025). In 88 per cent of the patients who had sequential slips, the second slip was diagnosed within eighteen months after the diagnosis of the first slip.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The epidemiology of bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis. A study of children in Michigan. 835 72

One thousand six hundred thirty children with 1993 slipped capital femoral epiphyses were reviewed; 41.2% were girls and 58.8% were boys. There were 47.5% white, 24.8% black, 16.9% Amerindian, 7.4% Indonesian-Malay, 2.1% Native Australian/Pacific Islands, and 1.3% Indo-Mediterranean children. The diseased hip was unilateral in 77.7% and bilateral in 22.3% of the children, and chronic in 85.5% and acute in 14.5% of the children. Of the unilateral slips, 40.3% involved the right hip and 59.7% the left hip. The child's weight was greater than or equal to the ninetieth percentile in 63.2% of the children. The average age for the girls and boys was 12 and 13.5 years. The age at diagnosis decreased with increasing obesity. The youngest children were the Native Australian/Pacific Island children (11.8 years) and the oldest were the white and Indo-Mediterranean children (13 years). The Indonesian-Malay and Indo-Mediterranean children were the lightest in weight, and the black children the heaviest. The Indo-Mediterranean children had the highest proportion of boys (90.5%), and the Native Australian/Pacific Island children the lowest (50%). The highest percentage of bilaterality was in the Native Australian/Pacific Island children (38.2%), and the lowest in the Amerindian children (16.5%). The relative racial frequency of slipped capital femoral epiphysis compared with the white population was 4.5 for the Polynesian, 2.2 for the black, 1.05 for the Amerindian, 0.5 for the Indonesian-Malay, and 0.1 for the Indo-Mediterranean children. In children with unilateral involvement, the age at presentation was younger for those children in whom bilateral disease later developed (12 versus 12.9 years old). In 82% of the children with sequential bilateral slips, the second slip was diagnosed within 18 months of the first slip.
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PMID:The demographics of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. An international multicenter study. 854 16


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