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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred significantly overweight patients sequentially applying to a very low calorie diet (VLCD) program were interviewed to learn how the onset of obesity correlated with other life events. By comparison with a control group of 100 always-slender adults, the obese applicants were found to be different at a highly significant level in the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse, nonsexual childhood abuse, early parental loss, parental alcoholism, chronic depression, and marital family dysfunction in their own adult lives. The obese patients commonly reported using obesity as a sexually protective device; many reported overeating to cope with emotional distress. Inquiry into depression, past sexual abuse, and past or present dysfunctional family life should be added to the current medical evaluation of all obese patients. The resultant findings are likely to be relevant to their treatment, whether for obesity or for other medical conditions.
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PMID:Childhood sexual abuse, depression, and family dysfunction in adult obese patients: a case control study. 820 85

The world's children comprise: (i) those in wealthy, industrialized countries; (ii) those from rapidly industrializing countries; (iii) minority groups including recently arrived immigrants in otherwise affluent and healthy societies; (iv) previously traditional people in rapid transition to urbanized, Western lifestyles; and (v) many millions living in grinding poverty in overcrowded, unhygienic conditions where child mortality is high and often due to malnutrition and infections. Industrialization, affluence, better housing, hygiene and nutrition, better clinical care and disease prevention have helped enhance child health in many countries over the past century. However, this is being offset by obesity, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse and social disruption, mental disease and high rates of violence including homicide and suicide. These 'new morbidities' are worse among minorities and in populations undergoing rapid social change. Social pressures including unemployment, depression and family dysfunction are important. Pediatricians must become active in decisions about the use of public resources in disease prevention, health education and more rational and equitable use of high technology. They should also be active advocates for children and their rights and advise governments about all issues that affect child health, protection and well-being. This is particularly so in the poorest and developing countries. There is a need for better international collaboration, training and exchange programs involving the International Pediatric Association, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, World Health Organization and other local, national and regional organizations to help overcome these problems as the next century draws near.
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PMID:The pediatrician's role in the twenty-first century. 982 96

Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most frequent alteration in eating behavior and can affect adolescents. The aim was to determine the prevalence of BED, risk factors, and its association with obesity in adolescents in a secondary education institution of Barquisimeto, Venezuela, between September 2013 and February 2014. A sample of 500 adolescents of both sexes (252 male), between 11 and 18 years of age was studied. A questionnaire was applied and anthropometric measurements were performed: weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-height index. According to criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - V, the prevalence of BED was 7.80%. Risk factors were male gender, age > 14 years, body image dissatisfaction, family dysfunction, depressive symptoms and perceived stress. Binge eating disorder was a risk factor for global obesity and central obesity. The prevalence of BED was higher than internationally found for the general population. Important psychosocial risk factors that should be considered in the implementation of prevention and control strategies were identified.
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PMID:[Risk factors for binge eating disorders and its association with obesity in adolescents]. 2564 89

Since the early 1990s we noted that family dysfunction was more common in children with severe primary malnutrition than in children admitted to the hospital without malnutrition. Defects on feeding habits during the first year of life, especially early weaning and inadequate complementary feeding were more common in dysfunctional families. We also observed that chronic malnutrition in preschool children, and overweight and obesity in schoolchildren were more common in children from dysfunctional families. Once the association between dysfunctional family dynamics and obesity in schoolchildren was demonstrated, it was observed that low education of fathers and mothers increased twofold the possibility of family dysfunction: OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.37-3.10 and OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.57-3.89, respectively. In addition, the low-income and the lower purchasing power of foods were associated to family dysfunction (p<0.05). A remaining task is to explore how to assess family dysfunction in composite, extended, single-parent families where there exist other persons vulnerable to the different entities of malnutrition syndrome and indeed depend on adults for their care, food and nutrition.
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PMID:[Considerations on family dynamics and the malnutrition syndrome in Mexican children]. 2658 37

The aim of this review was to identify etiological environmental factors related to incontinence in children and adults. A variety of etiological environmental factors for the development of incontinence were identified. In children, these encompass stressful life events and trauma, family dysfunction, parental psychopathology, school-related stressors, toilet or "potty" training, fluid consumption habits, housing conditions, and the availability of toilets. In adults, physical exercise, obesity, working conditions, fluid intake, and the availability of toilets play a role. Intervening variables such as hormonal variations due to work shifts have also been identified as influencing the likelihood of incontinence. Current research suggests that environmental factors influence the development of incontinence in children and adults. The interactions between biological factors, the immediate environment, and intervening variables need to be explored in greater detail. Practical solutions to reduce barriers to adequate fluid intake and healthy toileting habits should be implemented in school and work settings.
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PMID:Psychological and Physical Environmental Factors in the Development of Incontinence in Adults and Children: A Comprehensive Review. 2826 26

Parental feeding practices play a significant role in children's health behaviors. Given the high prevalence of childhood obesity, it is important to examine factors that may influence parental feeding practices. This study examined the role of family functioning on the relationship between child behavior problems and parent feeding practices. We hypothesized that higher problematic child behavior would correlate with lower parental engagement in healthy parent feeding practices, with greater family dysfunction mediating that relationship. Participants (n = 220) were rural-dwelling parents of school-aged children with overweight or obesity. Participants completed the McMaster Family Assessment Device, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Child Feeding Questionnaire at baseline. Mediation models were used with youth behavioral problems (CBCL) as the independent variable, parental feeding practices as the dependent variable, and family functioning as the mediator. Two significant mediation models revealed (a) family functioning mediated the relationship between child behavior problems and parental perception of responsibility taking for child eating, and (b) family functioning mediated the relationship between child behavior problems and parental monitoring of their child's eating. More child behavior problems were associated with unhealthier family functioning, which was associated with less parental monitoring of children's unhealthy food intake and reduced responsibility taking for feeding and meal planning of their children. These findings suggest the synergistic effect of child behavior problems with poorer family functioning may be a risk factor for unhealthy parent feeding practices in children with overweight or obesity. If these relationships are supported by longitudinal research, behavior interventions for children with obesity should consider poor family functioning and child behavior as potential barriers to parental monitoring and responsibility of children's feeding practices.
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PMID:Family functioning mediates the relationship between child behavior problems and parent feeding practices in youth with overweight or obesity. 3109 37