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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Osteoarthritis of knee joint is the disease that can be easily found at the ordinary examination. The aging and the continuous long-term stress are the most important ones among the many kind of causing factors. Most of osteoarthritis is appeared in medial femorotibial joint. The second largest number of osteoarthritis is appeared in patellofemoral joint. The first appearance of the disease is over forty and the number of the patients increases as patients grow older. Patients are almost female. Complication of osteoarthritis is obesity and varix of the lower limbs. 85% of the Japanese patients have varus deformity but few have valgus deformity. Main symptom is is pain that can be treated conservatively by medication and physical therapy. Medical care and the following effect are differ from the existence of injury of meniscus and ligament, and the level of the disease.
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PMID:[Osteoarthritis of knee joint--standard concept and diagnosis]. 1577 75

Epidemiological studies show an increased prevalence of osteoarthritis of the knee and hand with increased body mass index [BMI]. Osteoarthritis of the hip joint is not related to BMI. The connection between obesity and osteoarthritis cannot exclusively be explained by genetic factors or by the accumulation of tear and wear. Overweight occurs prior to knee joint degeneration, not as a result of diminished activity due to joint degeneration. Weight control seems to be an influential tool in the prophylaxis of overweight-specific joint degeneration.
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PMID:[Osteoarthritis and obesity]. 1640 48

Knee osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. This has been partially noted because of the increase of the obesity trend in the United States. In addition it has been noted as a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability among the elderly. Although there have been several advances in this area, there are several areas that can be addressed by nurse clinicians. The effects of obesity, risk factors, and potential complications are discussed in this literature review.
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PMID:Literature review on the effects of obesity on knee osteoarthritis. 1792 88

Obesity is one of the most significant, and potentially most preventable, risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis, and numerous studies have shown a strong association between body mass index and osteoarthritis of the hip, knee, foot and hand. However, the mechanism(s) by which obesity contributes to the onset and progression of osteoarthritis are not fully understood. The strong association between body mass index, altered limb alignment, and osteoarthritis of the knee--and the protective effects of weight loss--support the classic hypothesis that the effects of obesity on the joint are due to increased biomechanical loading and associated alterations in gait. However, obesity is now considered to be a low-grade systemic inflammatory disease, and recent studies suggest that metabolic factors associated with obesity alter systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are also associated with osteoarthritis. Thus, the ultimate influence of obesity on osteoarthritis may involve a complex interaction of genetic, metabolic, and biomechanical factors. In this respect, mouse models of obesity can provide excellent systems in which to examine causal relationships among these factors. In recent years, there have been surprisingly few reports examining the effects of obesity on osteoarthritis using mouse models. In this paper, we review studies on mice and other animal models that provide both direct and indirect evidence on the role of obesity and altered diet in the development of osteoarthritis. We also examine the use of different body mass indices for characterizing "obesity" in mice by comparing these indices to typical adiposity levels observed in obese humans. Taken together, evidence from studies using mice suggest that a complex interaction of environmental and genetic factors associated with obesity contribute to the incidence and severity of osteoarthritis. The ability to control these factors, together with the development of methods to conduct more intricate measures of local biomechanical factors, make mouse models an excellent system to study obesity and osteoarthritis.
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PMID:Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity. 1883 39

Osteoarthritis is widely believed to result from local mechanical factors acting within the context of systemic susceptibility. Previous studies have demonstrated that malalignment is a potent predictor of disease progression in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Malalignment also mediates the effects of other risk factors, including obesity, quadriceps strength, laxity, and stage of disease. Recent studies have had conflicting results regarding whether malalignment increases the risk of incident tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. While the evidence is conflicting, malalignment appears to play a smaller role in incident disease. Certain local factors within the joint, such as tibiofemoral congruence, integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament, and meniscal degeneration and position, appear to play a role in determining alignment. It is also apparent that malalignment changes with disease progression and is itself possibly influenced by structural changes within the joint.
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PMID:Alignment and osteoarthritis of the knee. 1918 31

A large number of treatment options exist for osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. The choice of therapy depends on clinical symptomatology, preexisting risk factors (e.g. obesity), and disease stage. This review includes the novel aspects of symptomatic conservative treatment (physical medicine and drugs), especially pain management (electrotherapy), and rehabilitational aspects. Rehabilitation is essential, as osteoarthritis is a chronic condition, that requires lifelong intervention, and a causal cure has not been identified yet. New aspects of hyaluronic acid, slow-acting symptomatic drugs in osteoarthritis (chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine sulfate, and diacerein), and experimental drugs, which claim the properties of disease modification in osteoarthritis (bisphosphonates, calcitonin, and interleukin-1 antagonists), are discussed.
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PMID:[Non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis of large joints - new aspects]. 1924 94

The purpose of this transverse prospective study was to assess risk factors associated with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee observed in a rheumatology outpatient clinic in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. All patients presenting osteoarthritis of the knee diagnosed according to the clinical and radiological criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) were recruited over a 9-month period from November 2006 to July 2007. A total of 118 patients including 108 women were studied. Mean patient age was 55.7 +/- 10.8 years. Pain and disability scores assessed using theLequesne index were greater than 8 in 87.3% of patients. Hydarthrosis was observed in 56.5% of patients. The most common associated risk factors for development of osteoarthritis of the knee were obesity (42.4%), menopause in women (66.7%), history of OA (43.2%), and previous knee injury (19.5%). The most common associated risk factors for progression of osteoarthritis of the knee were Heberden nodes (19.5%) and genu varum (52.5%). The risk factors for development and progression of osteoarthritis of the knee in the subsahalian population of Ouagadougou are the same as in the Caucasian population of industrialized countries. An unexpected finding in this black African population was the high prevalence of Heberden nodes.
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PMID:[Risk factors associated with osteoarthritis of the knee in a rheumatology outpatient clinic in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. 1963 26

Given the growing prevalence of obesity around the world and its association with osteoarthritis of the knee, orthopaedic surgeons need to be familiar with the management of the obese patient with degenerative knee pain. The precise mechanism by which obesity leads to osteoarthritis remains unknown, but is likely to be due to a combination of mechanical, humoral and genetic factors. Weight loss has clear medical benefits for the obese patient and seems to be a logical way of relieving joint pain associated with degenerative arthritis. There are a variety of ways in which this may be done including diet and exercise, and treatment with drugs and bariatric surgery. Whether substantial weight loss can delay or even reverse the symptoms associated with osteoarthritis remains to be seen. Surgery for osteoarthritis in the obese patient can be technically more challenging and carries a risk of additional complications. Substantial weight loss before undertaking total knee replacement is advisable. More prospective studies that evaluate the effect of significant weight loss on the evolution of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee are needed so that orthopaedic surgeons can treat this patient group appropriately.
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PMID:Obesity and symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. 2243 55

The prevalence of obesity among children and adults is increasing worldwide. There are substantial health risks and financial costs associated with the obesity epidemic that impact the practice of orthopaedic surgery. Patients with increased body mass index are more prone to sustaining distal extremity injuries than are those with a normal body mass index. Obese individuals are more likely than nonobese individuals to seek treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee.
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PMID:Impact of obesity on orthopaedics. 2263 11

Indications for UKA for isolated osteoarthritis of the knee remain controversial. Two hundred twenty-nine UKA that were performed at our institution were evaluated for which factors were associated with a poor outcome. BMI >35 was correlated with lower KSS scores than patients with BMI <35. In contrast to prior reports, patients younger than 60 years old had higher scores than patients 60 years and older at 2 years. Women had an unacceptably high short-term revision rate for any reason of 6.5%. Popularity for UKA has increased, and a more in depth investigation of predictors of poor outcomes demonstrates that younger patients appear to have better results. Obese patients continue to improve up to 2 years after surgery and should not be precluded from undergoing UKA.
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PMID:Factors associated with poor outcomes following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: redefining the "classic" indications for surgery. 2352 14


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