Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diencephalic structures are thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus and hypophysis. Diencephalic structures injury lead to several syndromes: diencephalic dysthermia, hypothalamic obesity, pediatric diencephalic syndrome, Cushing's disease, etc. Diencephalic syndrome manifests in 15-33% of patients with TBI. The goal of our study was to describe diencepalic syndrome in patients in neurointensive care unit. 76 patients took part in the study, 43 women and 33 men among them. The age of patients ranged from 19 to 77 years. All patients had consciousness disorders (CD) and dysnatremia. The patients were divided into 6 groups according to the number of somatic organ dysfunctions (SOD). 12 patients had only dysnatremia and CD without SOD (91.7% of them with benign outcome; 7.3% of them with poor outcome (GOS-3)). 11 patients in the second group had CD, dysnatremia and 1 SOD (45.5% of them had benign outcome; 54.5%--poor outcome). In the third group patients had 2 SOD (42% of them had poor outcome (GOS-3) and 33%--lethal outcome (GOS-1)). The worst outcome was in the 6th group, where patients had 5 SOD. All the patients in that group died. So, in patients with neurosurgical pathology in chiasmal area dienchephalic syndrome manifests by combination of CD, dysnatremia and at least 1 SOD. The number of SOD determines the outcome and severity of diencephalic syndrome.
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PMID:[Diencephalic syndrome]. 2308 45

Diencephalic syndrome is a rare condition associated with central nervous system tumors. The most common presentation is secondary failure to thrive with proper caloric intake and no statural impairment. Despite the importance of this syndrome, little is known of its pathophysiology. Some reports have documented changes in human growth hormone and insulin levels at the onset, whereas others have described endocrine disorders of hypothalamic insufficiency resulting from surgery of the tumor. It has been suggested that the hormonal changes described, such as increased human growth hormone and ghrelin or decreased insulin and leptin levels, are related to a patient's BMI. These findings support the role of these 4 hormones as indicators of the patient's nutritional status but not as mediators or potential therapeutic targets of the disease. We report the case of an infant who initially presented with tumor progression and, after chemotherapy, progressive weight gain and reduced tumor size. Because he presented no hormonal deficiencies or obesity after therapy, we were able to analyze his hormonal status uninfluenced by effects of metabolic treatment or excess weight. Although ghrelin and leptin levels have been related to nutritional status, our patient's leptin levels fell when tumor size decreased and weight increased: an extraordinary finding because leptin concentration is expected to increase with weight gain. This paradoxical response suggests that leptin may be dysregulated in diencephalic syndrome or that the diencephalic astrocytoma may have had an effect on leptin secretion.
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PMID:The role of leptin in diencephalic syndrome. 2436 94