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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the abnormal ocular and systemic findings in one case of true triploidy and two cases of triploid mosaicism. A liveborn triploid child 69,XXY, had abnormalities including cebocephaly, a single midline nostril, incomplete cleft palate, transverse palmar creases, partial syndactyly, and ambiguous genitalia. Ocular abnormalities included hypotelorism, blepharophimosis, microcornia, iris coloboma, cataract, persistent hyaloid vasculature, retinal dysplasia, and optic atrophy. A 16-year-old girl with triploid mosaicism had congenital left facial and body hemiatrophy, both growth and mental retardation, left-sided grand mal seizures, incontinentia pigmenti of both legs, partial syndactyly, and generalized weakness. Results of her ocular examination were within normal limits. A 13-year-old boy with triploid mosaicism exhibited both growth and mental retardation, truncal obesity, and required a brace to support his back. Ocular findings included synophrys, bilateral blepharoptosis, and abnormal results of Schirmer tear test. Studies indicate a wide spectrum of ocular and systemic abnormalities occur that are presumably associated with the chromosome error.
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PMID:Ocular findings in triploidy. 41 37

The Bardet-Biedl syndrome is characterized by polydactyly, hypogonadism, obesity, mental retardation, and retinitis pigmentosa. Several other skeletal findings include hip dysplasia, short stature, and skull deformities. The patient described in this report has the classic findings of Bardet-Biedl syndrome in conjunction with tibia vara and irregular physes of the lower extremities.
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PMID:Tibia vara in a patient with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. 143 82

The authors describe the clinical and cephalometric characteristics of a case of Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome (obesity, hypogonadism, oligophrenia, hypotonia, small hands and feet). Taurodontism and enamel-dentine dysplasia are reported as the main dental features. The craniofacial region shows an increased bony interorbital distance and a low level of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. The possibility that these anomalies could be related to the etiopathogenesis of the syndrome is discussed.
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PMID:[The dentomaxillofacial characteristics of the Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome. A clinical case report]. 181 31

Females in western societies have higher plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) than males. The difference in plasma lipids between the sexes is believed to contribute to differences in risk of heart disease. The evidence reviewed here demonstrates that plasma levels of HDL-C are also associated with factors influencing risk of breast cancer, a leading cause of death in women in western societies. Both breast cancer risk and HDL-C levels are higher in women who live in northern European countries than in those who live in Asia, in women who have never been pregnant compared with those who have, and in women of higher socioeconomic status. HDL-C levels are also affected by several other known or suspected factors in breast cancer risk; these include dietary fat intake, alcohol consumption, endogenous hormones, and premenopausal leanness. Increases in any of these factors are known to increase the level of HDL-C. Preliminary work has also shown HDL-C levels to be higher in subjects with mammographic dysplasia and a family history of breast cancer. Further, in serum-free culture systems, HDL-C appears to possess biologic properties that may be relevant to carcinogenesis. In other areas, evidence of a relationship between increased HDL-C levels and increased breast cancer risk is either incomplete or contradictory. These areas include obesity (in the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer), use of exogenous hormones (oral contraceptives or postmenopausal estrogens), and physical exercise. In addition, both elevated and depressed levels of HDL-C have been reported in women with breast cancer. Our findings suggest an association between high HDL-C levels and the epidemiology of breast cancer risk. We recommend additional studies of plasma lipid level as a possible risk factor for this disease.
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PMID:Evidence of association between plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk factors for breast cancer. 231 17

The authors suggest a new system of osteosynthesis of the greater trochanter using a plate and cables. The surgical technique is simple in its realisation which allows 94.4% bone-union of the greater trochanter and almost immediate partial weight bearing by the patient. 61 patients were studied after a minimum of one year and only one case of non-union was observed. The authors recommend this technique especially in difficult arthroplasties (obesity, dysplasia) and in revision total his replacement. The trochanteric approach facilitates the extraction of the prothesis, bone cement, and reconstruction of the acetabulum. This technique may be used systematically in arthroplasties using trochanterotomy.
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PMID:[Osteosynthesis of the greater trochanter using a plate and cables in total hip arthroplasties. Technic and complications apropos of 61 cases]. 236 72

The Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome (LMBB) is characterized by the association of obesity, hypogonadism, polydactyly, mental retardation and pigmentary retinitis. Symptomatic or asymptomatic renal dysplasia (calyceal diverticula, precalyceal tubular ectasia, cysts) is frequently associated with LMBB. The authors consider renal sonography as the convenient investigation for an early detection of such dysplasia as in the case they reported here.
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PMID:[The value of echography in the early diagnosis of renal lesions in the Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Apropos of a case]. 265 80

Adults who have osteoarthritis that is secondary to mild congenital dysplasia can be treated with total hip replacement using customary techniques. Those who have severe acetabular dysplasia or total congenital dislocation usually require augmentation of acetabular bone stock in order to carry out the total hip replacement. We reviewed the results of forty-seven total hip replacements in thirty-eight patients (age range, sixteen to sixty-eight years; average age, forty-seven years) who required autogenous grafting with bone from the femoral head for severe acetabular deficiency. The average length of follow-up was 7.1 years (minimum, five years). All grafts united. The average preoperative Harris hip rating was 46 points and the average postoperative rating was 74 points. Five hips (approximately 10 per cent) had a failure that required reoperation; four hipshad aseptic loosening of the acetabular component and in the fifth sepsis developed after a reoperation to reattach the greater trochanter. For the remaining forty-two hips, the average postoperative Harris hip rating was 78 points. Six additional sockets (approximately 15 per cent) were definitely loose by radiographic criteria, making a total of ten hips (approximately 20 per cent) with definite aseptic loosening of the acetabular component. The major factors that contributed to this aseptic loosening were complexity of the surgical procedure, necessity for a graft, lack of a small-sized metal-backed acetabular component, young age, obesity, lack of posterior support, and resorption of the graft. Dislocation was common, occurring in five (approximately 10 per cent) of the hips.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Femoral head autografting to augment acetabular deficiency in patients requiring total hip replacement. A minimum five-year and an average seven-year follow-up study. 377 5

Four patients with Cushing syndrome were followed for 1.5-12 years. The main clinical symptoms were marked growth retardation and truncal obesity. Two patients had pituitary-dependent Cushing disease, while the other two had primary adrenocortical nodular dysplasia. The treatment of choice of pituitary-dependent Cushing disease is transsphenoidal resection of the microadenoma while in primary adrenocortical nodular dysplasia bilateral adrenalectomy with subsequent steroid replacement is recommended. In our pre- or early pubertal patients catch-up growth occurred following surgical therapy and in all cases pubertal development proceeded normally.
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PMID:Pituitary-dependent Cushing disease and primary adrenocortical nodular dysplasia in childhood. Presentation of 4 cases. 666 37

The co-carcinogenic potential of 85 per cent jejunoileal bypass (JIB) was tested in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 81) given 6 preliminary injections of the selective intestinal carcinogen azoxymethane (total dose 90 mg/kg). Controls had sham JIB. Colorectal adaptation was studied 30 weeks postoperatively in rats given injections of vehicle alone. JIB caused 17-33 per cent increments in colonic length, weight and crypt depth; crypt cell production rate was more than doubled (P less than 0.01). Despite lowering body weight by 27 per cent, JIB increased the median number of colorectal tumours per rat from 3 to 8 (P less than 0.01). The findings suggest that evidence of hyperplasia and dysplasia should be sought in patients receiving subtotal jejunoileal bypass for obesity.
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PMID:Adaptation to jejunoileal bypass promotes experimental colorectal carcinogenesis. 669 5

A 54 year old man without pathologic past history but mild hypertension, obesity and gastric ulcer, presented with a syndrome of Wallenberg. He had complained for five days of progressive and diffuse headache. The neurological condition improved initially, but the patient died suddenly two weeks later. Pathological examination showed no significant alteration except for left ventricular enlargement and mild arteriosclerosis. There was a hemodissection (dissecting aneurysm) of the left vertebral artery next to the inferior oliva. It induced a lateral infarct and a limited dorsal infarct at the middle third level of medulla oblongata. Although the location of the arterial changes is usual, their nature is exceptional. The cause of the arterial hemodissection could not be ascertained: fibrous arterial dysplasia, atherosclerosis or congenital abnormalities of internal elastic layer may be discussed. But no definite conclusion can be reached.
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome due to a dissecting aneurysm of the vertebral artery]. 713 26


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