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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
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For the purpose of evaluating the significance of obesity in a young population as a risk factor toward various chronic diseases, a multiple regression analysis was performed on the data from the annual physical checkup of medical students of UOEH in 1991. The following results were obtained. (1) The average obesity index of the students showed a progressive and significant increase in the past 13 years from 1979 to 1991. (2) A close correlation between the obesity index and serum GPT was recognized by elevation of the standard partial regression coefficient of serum GPT to obesity index and that of obesity index to serum GPT when the data from all 617 students was analysed in one group. This finding was intensified in 142 obese students with an obesity index of over 10%, but it was not seen in the remaining non-obese students. (3) The correlation between the obesity index and serum GPT was found solely in the group of students with constant obesity; i.e., whose obesity index was always more than 10% during a maximum of 9 years in the past. (4) Systolic blood pressure was related to the red blood cell count rather than to the obesity index in this young population. (5) No particularly close correlation to serum cholesterol was found with any of 10 representative items examined in this physical checkup, including the obesity index, indicating that the other factors should be related to serum cholesterol levels. From the above findings, it can be concluded that constant obesity in students is related to liver dysfunction, probably due to fatty liver frequently seen in the precise examination of these individuals.
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PMID:[The significance of obesity in UOEH medical students--multiple regression analysis of the annual physical checkup data in 1991]. 147 Jul 77

In 1214 adult persons, the relationship between alcohol consumption, the "liver enzymes" and other metabolic parameters, including the serum lipids, were investigated. In 798 of the persons, glucose tolerance tests with measurement of plasma insulin were performed (young and old male and female adults, either volunteers or patients without liver-related diseases). There was a high correlation of the three transferases GOT, GPT and GGT not only with the reported alcohol consumption but also with the plasma insulin. Most of the insulin increase, however, occurred in that range of the three transferases which, so far, has erroneously been considered to be the normal one. The C-peptide showed the same behaviour. Plasma insulin was also raised in relation to overweight, but only in persons with the sum of the three transferases over 30 U/l, not in persons who did not drink alcohol and who had really normal transferases (sum of the three transferases below 30 U/l measured at 25 degrees C). The quotient of plasma insulin divided by the relative body weight (Broca Index) was constantly low in the range of really normal transferases (up to 30 U/l), thereafter rising significantly, but only in the range of the transferases so far erroneously considered to be the normal one (GOT to 17, GPT to 22, GGT to 28 U/l, thus sum up to 67). Serum glucose in the tolerance test also rose with the transferases but much less than the plasma insulin. The correlation between both GGT and the sum of the three transferases with the plasma insulin was significantly positive and independent of the relative body weight. It is concluded that overweight (which is generally believed to be the main risk factor for non-insulin-dependent diabetes), and insulin resistance (which leads to hyperinsulinaemia), are largely caused by the toxic effects of "normal" daily alcohol, more in the human male than in the female. Hyperinsulinaemia (which blocks lipolysis) is caused by a toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites, independent of caloric input and overweight. Hyperinsulinaemia is at least in the human male at present, probably the most important cause of obesity. In obesity, caused by "normal" alcohol consumption, a vicious circle occurs: the enhancement of the triglycerides and, consequently, the free fatty acids leads to a further decrease of glucose utilization by the muscle. A continuously high glucose level has toxic effects: eventually the beta cells of the pancreas are exhausted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[The main cause of diabetes (type II): "normal" alcohol drinking]. 227 72

Health examinations of 108 workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) at a Japanese chemical plant were carried out in 1979. The polymerization of vinyl chloride was started at the plant in 1949. In this study, the highest concentration of VCM in autoclaves was determined to be 250 ppm in 1961. However, the workers at the plant had been exposed to higher concentrations of VCM several times before 1960. More recent VCM exposure was considered negligible. Examinations assessed data on age, height, weight, obesity index, sake consumption, VCM exposure concentration, latent period, cumulative exposure, ICG (indocyano green test), serum bilirubin, GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase), A1-P (alkaline phosphatase), GGT(gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), ZTT (zinc turbidity test), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), cholesterol, TTT (thymol turbidity test), A/G (albumin globulin ratio), and thrombocytes. Variation in VCM exposure did not affect tests of pigment excretion from the liver, such as ICG; thrombocytes; and enzyme activity (such as GPT); nor bilirubin or flocculation reaction in serum.
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PMID:Early detection and signs of hepatoangiosarcoma among vinyl chloride workers. 302 84

For the purpose of evaluating the significance of obesity as a risk factor toward various chronic geriatric diseases, a multiple regression analysis was performed on the annual physical checkup data of UOEH employees in 1991. The following results were obtained. (1) The average obesity index of the UOEH employees showed a progressive and significant increase in the 10 years from 1981 to 1991. (2) A close relation between the obesity index and serum GPT was recognized by elevation of the standard partial regression coefficients of serum GPT to obesity index and that of the obesity index to serum GPT when the data from all 1591 UOEH employees were analysed in one group. This finding was derived from a significant contribution of obesity to the liver dysfunction in the young male obese population under 30 years of age. (3) Systolic blood pressure was related to age rather than the obesity index, indicating that the development of hypertension is more closely related to aging than obesity. (4) No significant relation was found between the serum total cholesterol level and the obesity index in any group analysed. From the above findings, it can be suggested that the obesity in young male employees is more closely related to liver dysfunction than other abnormalities.
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PMID:[Obesity and liver dysfunction in UOEH employees--multiple regression analysis of the annual physical checkup data of 1991]. 772 6

To evaluate the relation between the working conditions and the workers' health, particularly the prevalences of obesity, liver disorder and hyperlipidemia, we analyzed physiological examination data and the questionnaire survey about life behaviors and working conditions during the terms of car manufacturing work and car sales work among 61 male subjects. In the physiological examination data, compared with the term of car manufacturing work, the values of body weight, body mass index (BMI), GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP, TG and T-CHO elevated and the prevalences of obesity and liver disorder increased during the term of car sales work. During the term of car sales work, the prevalences of alcohol drinkers and cigarette smokers increased and the changes of food intake behaviors were noted. It was estimated that the changes of food intake behaviors associated with the differences of working conditions contributed increasing number of obesity and liver disorder that was based on fatty liver caused by hyperlipidemia. These results of this study suggested that working conditions associated with the prevalences of obesity, liver disorder and hyperlipidemia were important to conduct the effective health education in the present occupational health administration.
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PMID:[The study of the relation between the working conditions and the prevalences of obesity, liver disorder and hyperlipidemia: evaluation of physiological examination data during the terms of car manufacturing work and car sales work]. 778 Aug 61

In previous studies we reported that the abnormality of the gamma-GTP level was found not only in hepatobiliary diseases but also in obesity and ingestion of alcohol in healthy individuals. In relation to this results, the present study deals with the relationship between abnormal gamma-GTP level in serum on the one hand and obesity and ingestion of alcohol on the other hand on the basis of test data for 1493 cases (1256 male cases, 237 female cases) who were examined in the short-term human dry dock managed by the Fukuoka University Hospital. To observe how results of various measurements including the degree of obesity and the amount of alcohol ingested exert effects on one another, principle component analysis was done by means of SAS statistic package for computer analysis. In men, as the first principle main components, obesity rate, Hb, Ht, RBC, GPT, gamma-GTP, LAP, GOT, triglyceride and total protein were extracted. As the second main principle components, alcohol, gamma-GTP, MCH, MCV, and HDL were extracted. Theses result demonstrate that the obesity is accompanied by variations in Hb, Ht, RBC and triglyceride and that digestion of alcohol is accompanied by variations in MCH, MCV and HDL in male. In women, components related to erythrocyte and transaminase along with the degree of obesity were extracted as the first main principle components, and principle components related to erythrocyte and alcohol were extracted as the second main components. In either case, alcohol and gamma-GTP were not included.
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PMID:[Studies on background of gamma-GTP abnormality in human multiphasic screening. (Part 2): Principle component analysis by SAS statistic package for computer analysis]. 790 15

Multiple regression analysis in 1493 cases (1256 male cases, 237 female cases) who were examined in the short-term human dry dock managed by the Fukuoka University Hospital, was done with gamma-GTP as the dependent variable and other parameters as the independent variables. As the result, 16 variables including LAP, alcohol, GPT, triglyceride, HDL and obesity rate were selected as the variables explaining gamma-GTP by stepwise methods in men. The standard regression coefficient of alcohol is shown to be greater than that of obesity on gamma-GTP. On the contrary, neither alcohol nor the obesity rate was included in this regression formula in women.
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PMID:[Studies on background of gamma-GTP abnormality in human multiphasic screening. (Part 3): Multiple regression analysis by SAS statistic package for computer analysis]. 790 16

Circulatory system examinations performed on first-grade pupils of junior high schools (12 years old; N = 1,204), identified 105 high-risk pupils with arteriosclerosis-promoting factors. These pupils were consulted on life-style modification, emphasizing nutrition and exercise, and encouraged to practice personal health management and self-monitoring. Reduction and correction of high risk factors were studied in these subjects, based on review of results of health examinations performed regularly up to the time of their graduation. Results are as follows: 1. Averages for obesity grade (for both sexes) in the second and the third years were significantly lower than that in the first year. Based on a general reference value > or = 20%, improvements were observed in 22.5% of males and 50.0% of females. 2. In both sexes average total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were lower in the second and the third years than in the first year, and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol was seen. With regard to a general reference value > or = 3.0 for AI (Atherogenic Index) calculated using TC and HDL cholesterol, improvements (reduction) were observed in 29.4%, of males and 46.2% of females. 3. While the numbers of subjects with elevated SBP, DBP, GPT, FPG and BUN were few, there were significant decreases in averages in the second and third years compared with those in the first year. Using general reference values, improvements in these risks were seen in 100% for all values except for GPT where 75.0% showed improvement. 4. Comparison of grouped distribution of summed values of examination results between the first year and the third year, showed improvements (reduction and correction of risks) in 69 pupils (65.7%), while 30 pupils (28.6%) remained in the same group with no improvement and 6 pupils (5.7%) turned for the worse, dropping one rank.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Studies on the reduction and correction risk factors for arteriosclerosis in junior high school pupils]. 824 38

Obesity is an excess of body fat frequently resulting in a significant impairment of health. Body index derived from body weight and height is widely available in Japan. However, body index cannot express the fat deposition in the body. Screening for early obesity was studied using a combination of body index and bioelectrical impedance for detecting fat deposition. Three hundred twenty-nine male subjects with normal body index participated in this study. Blood pressure, uric acid, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP, choline esterase and glucose tolerance after a 75-gram glucose load were measured. The following results were obtained. 1. Among 321 subjects with normal body index, 95 subjects had body fat exceeding 23% as measured by bioelectrical impedance. 2. By matched-pair comparison in the subjects whose body mass indices were within +/- 10% fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP and choline esterase were significantly higher and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in subjects with fat deposition over 23% than in the 92 matched controls with body fat less than 23%. In conclusion, bioelectrical impedance appears to be useful for detecting early stages of obesity in subjects with normal body index.
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PMID:[Early detection of obesity in male adults using a combination of body index and bioelectrical impedance method]. 826 Jul 42

Three hundred and twenty nine obese children (206 boys, 123 girls) whose obesity index were above 40% were screened among 6,278 school-age children living in Ibaraki Prefecture. Six hundred and fifty-eight school-age children without obesity were used as controls. The mean levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride of obese boys were significantly higher than those of control boys. The mean levels of HDL-cholesterol of both boys and girls with obesity were significantly lower than those of controls. Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypoalphalipoproteinemia in the boys with obesity were significantly more frequent than those in control boys. In the girls with obesity, hypoalphalipoproteinemia was significantly more frequent than that in control girls. Liver dysfunction (GPT > or = 40 IU/l) in obese children was significantly more frequent than in controls: Although none of controls had liver dysfunction, 24.8% of obese boys and 11.4% of obese girls had liver dysfunction. These findings indicated that atherogenic dyslipidemias and liver dysfunction were common in Japanese school-age children with obesity, especially in boys.
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PMID:[Hyperlipidemia, hypoalphalipoproteinemia and liver dysfunction in Japanese school-age children with obesity]. 826 74


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