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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Overweight adult females may have negative self-concepts and body images compounded by chronic low back pain and obesity. This subgroup of clients need special attention and nursing interventions to adjust to chronic low back pain and to achieve permanent weight control. Interventions designed to improve female clients' self-concepts and body images also support their efforts toward weight control, and, in turn, improve their negative perceptions of chronic pain. Orthopaedic nurses are in an excellent position to explore the relationships among body image, overweight, and chronic low back pain.
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PMID:Compounded problem: chronic low back pain and overweight in adult females. 149 78

This report assessed outcomes of hypnotherapeutic interventions for 505 children and adolescents seen by four pediatricians over a period of one year and followed from four months to two years. Presenting problems included enuresis, acute pain, chronic pain, asthma, habit disorders, obesity, encopresis, and anxiety. Using strict criteria for determination of problem resolution (e.g., all beds dry) and recognizing that some conditions were intrinsically chronic, the authors found that 51% of these children and adolescents achieved complete resolution of the presenting problem; an additional 32% achieved significant improvement, 9% showed initial or some improvement; and 7% demonstrated no apparent change or improvement. Children as young as three years of age effectively applied self-hypnosis techniques. In general, facility in self-hypnosis increased with age. There was an inverse correlation (p less than 0.001) between clinical success and number of visits, suggesting that prediction of responsivity is possible after four visits or less.
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PMID:The use of relaxation-mental imagery (self-hypnosis) in the management of 505 pediatric behavioral encounters. 636 78

In this report an overview is given of the contribution of cognitive approaches to behavioral medicine. The (possible) contribution of cognitive therapy is reviewed in the area of coronary heart disease, obesity, bulimia nervosa, chronic pain, benign headache, cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus and asthma. Although the relative contribution of cognitive therapy varies across these various disorders, its positive effects are now well established and new advances undoubtedly will be made in the next few years.
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PMID:Cognitive interventions in behavioral medicine. 841 88

Alexithymia is a concept created by Sifneos and characterized by an inability to find words to describe feelings or emotions. The phenomenon seems to be also related to a poverty of cognitive and symbolic processes (de Bonis, 1986). Alexithymia was first studied in psychosomatic disorders, then in several other somatic disorders as chronic bronchitis, chronic pain, obesity, abuse disorders. It also appears in non medically ill subjects. The french validation of the Toronto alexithymia Scale (TAS) in general population (n = 786) has shown 8.14% alexithymia frequency. The TAS is a 26-items self-report measure rated on a five-point likert scale. In the study we use the TAS and we refer to a visual test: the Parallel Visual Information Processing Test (PVIPT), involving the connexionist theory in the neuropsychological approach of alexithymia. The neuropsychological model is based on cerebral hemispheric specialization: emotions are localized in the right hemisphere and verbal expression depends on the left hemisphere in right-handed persons. The model posits that alexithymia is related to a lack of connection between the two cerebral hemispheres. It explains the deficit to verbally articulate emotions. The aim of our study is to compare the quality of cognitive and symbolic process (PVIPT) in alexithymic and non alexithymic subjects in general population. 773 students are tested with the TAS. We find 47 alexithymic subjects (6.08%). 22 alexithymic subjects and the control group (35 non alexithymic subjects) are evaluated with the PVIPT. Results are coherent with our previous studies on alexithymia in somatic disorders on one hand and alexithymia in neurological disease on the other hand. Theorical model, clinical observation and experimental results tend to define congruent hypothesis relative to the anxious pathology, supporting the reflexion and the research in the domain of the emotional disorders.
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PMID:[Parallel visual processing characteristics in healthy alexithymic subjects. Administration of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the parallel visual information test]. 868 78

Researchers have increasingly demonstrated that 15% to 30% of all women have been sexually abused as children. Information on the emotional, behavioral, and cognitive sequelae of this abuse has been available. Most recently, a literature on the somatic and medical sequelae has developed. This article reviews this literature and discusses its implications for primary care providers. Survivors are likely to suffer from insomnia, gastrointestinal problems, obesity, chronic pain, headache, and somatization, and they are frequent utilizers of primary care services. Specific suggestions about history taking, physical examination, and referrals are given to ensure that survivors receive care that is sensitive, supportive, and competent. The article also discusses the dynamics of abuse and how they relate to the ongoing relationship between the primary care provider and the survivor of sexual abuse.
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PMID:The sequelae of childhood sexual abuse: a primary care focus for adult female survivors. 923 50

In this article, we examine subjective vitality, a positive feeling of aliveness and energy, in six studies. Subjective vitality is hypothesized to reflect organismic well-being and thus should covary with both psychological and somatic factors that impact the energy available to the self. Associations are shown between subjective vitality and several indexes of psychological well-being; somatic factors such as physical symptoms and perceived body functioning; and basic personality traits and affective dispositions. Subsequently, vitality is shown to be lower in people with chronic pain compared to matched controls, especially those who perceive their pain to be disabling or frightening. Subjective vitality is further associated with self-motivation and maintained weight loss among patients treated for obesity. Finally, subjective vitality is assessed in a diary study for its covariation with physical symptoms. Discussion focuses on the phenomenological salience of personal energy and its relations to physical and psychological well-being.
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PMID:On energy, personality, and health: subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. 932 88

Obesity is a major public health problem associated with increased health risks, chronic pain, and decrements in functional health status and subjective well-being. To examine the impact of pain on Health-Related Quality-of-Life (HRQL). 312 consecutive persons seeking medically-supervised weight loss treatment completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and underwent a series of clinical evaluations. Forty-eight percent of the patients when asked to rate "How much pain have you had in the last four weeks?" reported at least moderate pain in the four weeks prior to treatment. In analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors, body-mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), and depression, obese patients reporting pain scored significantly lower on all SF-36 domains than those not reporting pain. Findings indicate that the pain itself is independently associated with impaired HRQL in nearly half of obese persons seeking treatment. These data demonstrate that pain is a strong covariate of obesity and, therefore, may need to be considered in the design and development of obesity treatments.
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PMID:Pain in the obese: impact on health-related quality-of-life. 970 68

The burgeoning field of behavioral medicine is reviewed in terms of its relevance and implications for social work practice. This article reviews the behavioral medicine paradigm and its applications relevant to social work practice in health care settings. Specific applications of social learning theory to the treatment of cardiac disorders, chronic pain, headaches, obesity, and smoking are reviewed. The manuscript concludes with a review of practice issues.
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PMID:Behavioral medicine: an emerging field of social work practice. 1011 26

An association between obesity and back pain has been observed, but the underlying causal direction is uncertain. We examined the temporal sequence among back pain, BMI, and weight gain using data from the 1958 British birth cohort followed to age 33 (4395 men and 4468 women). Heights and weights were measured at ages 7 and 33, and self-reported at age 23. Back pain was classified as: chronic, incident, early onset but recovered, and never. Those with chronic pain gained more weight between ages 23 and 33 than those with no pain, significantly for women (7.39 kg vs. 6.29 kg). Women who were obese at age 23 years had an elevated risk of subsequent back pain onset (32-33 years) (adjusted OR = 1.78). No significant relationships were found for men. The risk of pain onset among women was evident in relation to BMI at baseline (age 23) and cannot therefore be explained by an effect of back pain on adiposity.
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PMID:Back pain and obesity in the 1958 British birth cohort. cause or effect? 1076 Jun 33

This study included 125 women with specific complaints following tubal ligation. In most instances the ligations had been done 7 years previously, mostly for multiparity. 92% had been ligated by the abdominal route 88.8% had symptoms including menstrual irregularities, chronic pain, obesity, psychoses, intermittent acute retention of urine, ventral hernia, and 2 cases of sterilization failure. Average age at time of tubectomy had been 31 years; average parity, 3-4. There was a shift towards right in mean maturation index of cervical cells soon after sterilization. This shift then decreased for a year, then gradually rose, stabilizing at 12 years. Amenorrhea was present in 5 cases with high mean maturation levels. 17 cases of oligomenorrhea all showed ahigh estrogenic activtiy. Of 27 cases of menorrhagia endometrial biopsies were taken in 13. 12 showed the proliferative phase and 1 the secretory phase. These findings correlated with cytological findings, but cervical mucus in 3 cases did not coincide. Of the 27 cases 21 were anovular. In all the karyopyknotic index was high. 2 cases showed clinical evidence of inflammation. Of 10 cases of dysmenorrhea, 3 were ovulatory; inflammation was present in 3. In 12 cases of polymenorrhea 7 showed high estrogenic activities. In 1 a polyp had caused the irregular bleeding. The observed shifts of maturation index of cervical cells toward the right are considered indicative of hyperovarian activity. Results show that ovarian activity after sterilization by tubectomy was normal or increased. The increased activity was considered either psychological,neurovascular, or caused by inflammation. Of the 10 cases with inflammation, 9 were associated with menstrual disorders.
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PMID:Menstrual disorders after sterilization with special reference to ovarian activity. 1225 47


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