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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A discussion of the problem of obesity control in post-adolescent residents who are diagnosed as having Prader-Willi Syndrome is presented with a description of the syndrome, a brief case history of one of the residents with the syndrome, and an outline of the program used by a residential facility for exceptional young adults in managing this difficult problem.
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PMID:The management of obesity in the post-adolescent developmentally disabled client with Prader-Willi syndrome. 67 42

Morgagni's Syndrome is a polyglandular endocrine syndrome, occurring almost exclusively in the female sex. It is characterized of the classical triad: internal frontal hyperostosis, obesity, virillism, and often accompanied by an old-age type of diabetes. In itself the hyperostosis is of little significance, but sometimes it is a valuable sign of a disorder of the carbohydrate metabolism. In many cases the syndrome is almost symptomless, in other cases senile neuro-psychiatric symptoms and ailments of old age dominate the clinical picture. The internal frontal hyperostosis has no closer relation to other more or less diffuse thickenings of the skull.
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PMID:[Morgagni's syndrome]. 81 85

The Pickwickian Syndrome stimulated new pathophysiological concepts in regard to control of ventilation. With the advent of sleep laboratories, the peculiar sleep apnea occurring in some of these patients has been explained on the basis of intermittent upper airway obstruction. Two patients with different manifestations of the Pickwickian Syndrome are presented. The suggestion is made that these two subsyndromes should have unique designations. The Auchincloss Syndrome is manifested by right heart failure and respiratory acidosis in obese patients who are alert and have no major abnormality of breathing pattern. The fundamental cause of this abnormality is the increased work of breathing caused by the obesity. The cost of breathing is so high that the ventilatory regulation is compromised and respiratory acidosis results. The Gastaut Syndrome is characterized principally by hypersomnia and sleep apnea. The fundamental defect is upper airway obstruction during sleep, resulting in increased work of breathing, which together with the increased work caused by obesity leads to respiratory acidosis and right ventricular failure. Hypersomnia, rather than heart failure or respiratory acidosis, is the major manifestation of this syndrome, and is the result of sleep loss.
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PMID:Pickwickian syndrome, 20 years later. 117 87

The obesity-Cerebral-Ocular Syndrome is an uncommon disorder which closely resembles the Laurence-Moon-Biedl-Syndrome. It is also one of several disorders in which obesity, mental retardation and ocular abnormalities are associated. The article presents a case study followed up over 18 years and emphasises the importance of ophthalmic review in preserving visual function.
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PMID:Obesity-cerebral-ocular syndrome--a case report. 130 66

Prader-Labhart-Willi Syndrome is a complex, multisystem sporadic disorder which presents during childhood and proceeds into adulthood. The major features include infantile hypotonia, developmental delay, hypogonadism with abnormal sexual maturation, mental retardation and behavior abnormalities, short stature with small hands and feet, massive obesity with diabetes mellitus, dysmorphic facial features, and marked dental caries and enamel hypoplasia. Recently, a deletion of chromosome 15 has been found in a large percentage of these patients, but the exact cause and genetic transmission has not yet been determined. Two cases of Prader-Labhart-Willi Syndrome are presented with emphasis on the differential diagnosis of enamel hypoplasia associated with sexual maturation.
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PMID:Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome. 227 77

This study provides a test for the assumption of psychological homogeneity among 60 individuals who sought treatment for obesity and were referred for cognitive-behavioral group treatment. Subjects were divided along the dimension of severity of psychopathology and were assessed on subjective distress, binge eating, coping ability, and a variety of historical and demographic dimensions. Twenty-three percent of the sample scored in a range indicative of significant personality disturbance on the Borderline Syndrome Index. This distressed group did not differ from the less distressed cohort in weight, but reported more extensive symptoms of psychopathology, more chaotic eating patterns, more binge eating, and evidenced less effective coping skills. These findings provide support for the importance of a thorough assessment prior to initiating treatment for obesity.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of clinical presentation among obese individuals seeking treatment. 237 89

Twenty-two individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome in New South Wales were surveyed. The results show that males were diagnosed at a significantly earlier age than females and suggest a recent trend towards earlier diagnosis. The advantages of early diagnosis are discussed. In those in whom cytogenetic studies had been performed, 47% were found to have a deletion involving chromosome 15q11-13. Profound neonatal hypotonia had been present in all cases. Obesity became apparent between 1.5 and 10 years (mean = 3.8 years). Facial dysmorphism was reported in 83% and acromicria in 100%. Sixty-two per cent of subjects were regarded as less pigmented than first degree relatives. Cognitive assessments were performed on nine subjects. Two (22%) were functioning in the normal range of intelligence. Behaviour problems, both food-related and non-food-related, were present in the majority and placed considerable stress on the family caring for the individual with Prader-Willi Syndrome.
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PMID:A survey of 22 individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome in New South Wales. 273 Apr 69

12 patients (9 male, 3 female) with the Prader-Labhart-Willi-Syndrome (PLWS) were examined, and had medical treatment. Small stature varied in degree; body-height was found below the 25th percentile of normal height in 9 of the patients, 6 of them ranged along or below the 3rd percentile. Growth-hormone (GH) was measured after i.v.-Arginine-provocationtest; in 7 cases GH-peaks did not rise over 10 ng/ml, 4 of the children showed GH-peaks of less than 4 ng/ml. One of the boys was treated with GH for 5 years with good results, no secondary effect on carbohydrate metabolism was observed. In one girl we started with GH-therapy only recently. In 7 of 9 children at the age of puberty we found hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. In 10 patients, who underwent i.v. GTT, 4 showed a prediabetic metabolic state with elevated plasma insulin levels, a fifth boy suffered from diabetes. The development of type-2-diabetes is caused by abnormal insulin-resistance, which is connected with overfeeding and obesity. Treatment of obesity is the most important problem in the PLWS. Regular hypocaloric food is not accepted by most of the children. Therefore, in cases of ineffective dietetic treatment, we recommend gastric partitioning with proximal gastro-jejunostomy, as we performed in two of our patients with good results regarding weight-loss. In two of six children examined, we found chromosomal abnormalities.
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PMID:[Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome]. 666 56

Difficulties of differential diagnosis between Prader-Willi Syndrome and Cohen Syndrome are demonstrated in a 12-year-old girl with obesity and mental retardation. Cytogenetic studies showed an apparently supernumerary band on chromosome 15 in the proximal region q11-13. Both parents have a normal karyotype. The aberrant chromosome was derived from an apparently normal paternal chromosome.
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PMID:Duplication or insertion in 15q11-13 associated with mental retardation-short stature and obesity-Prader-Willi or Cohen syndrome? 671 11

The Cohen Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder consisting of obesity, mental retardation, limb abnormalities and characteristic craniofacial appearance. Of the seven previously reported patients, none had any cardio-vascular involvement. This report describes an affected Jewish female, who, in addition to the usual malformations, has a floppy mitral valve.
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PMID:Cardiac involvement in the Cohen syndrome: a case report. 743 89


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