Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plastic surgery has acquired an important place in primary breast cancer treatment (conservative or radical) and in the treatment of sequelae. The authors have tried to define, based on their experience, the contraindications for breast reconstruction. They are rare from a technical point of view. The carcinologic contraindications are relative: highly aggressive cancers, locally advanced cancers, cancers with metastases or recurrences. Radionecrosis and radio-induced sarcomas, treatment sequelae are also contraindications for breast reconstruction. General contraindications are relative (major obesity, smoking, diabetes, general weakness). Psychological contraindications must be taken into consideration. The authors conclude that contraindications for breast reconstruction are mainly carcinologic and the decision for reconstruction is usually taken by the patient after complete medical information.
 ...
PMID:[Plastic surgery and breast cancer. Are there contraindications for plastic surgery?]. 134 Jan 71

Of the 101 patients with penile cancer, we have analyzed 66 from whom we had enough information: 42 (63.3%) patients with corpora cavernosa invasion (T2-3) and 24 (36.6%) without (T1). With respect to the tumor grade, in 36 (54.3%) patients it was well differentiated (G I), in 23 (34.8%) moderately (G II) and in 7 (10.6%) poorly differentiated (G III). We also analyzed the inguinal lymph node condition. Of the 66 patients, 28 (42.4%) developed nodal metastases, and 38 (57.6%) were considered free of nodal metastases and disease with an average follow-up of 76.2 months (range 38-192). The presence of metastatic nodes was influenced by both tumor stage and grade with significant differences between T2-3 and T1 (p = 0.001) and between G II-III and G I (p < 0.01), but each of them alone was not a sufficiently reliable predictive factor. In order to associate local stages and tumor grades in relation to the presence of metastatic nodes, we checked that none of the patients with T1, G I (group 1) developed nodal metastases, and therefore, 'wait and see' should be the suitable approach. Twenty (80%) of the patients with T2-3, G II-III (group 2) developed metastatic lymph nodes, thus, in this group, an early lymphadenectomy should be performed. In the remaining 22 patients with T1, G II-III and T2, G I (group 3), 8 (36.4%) showed metastatic lymph nodes; in this group, other factors such as age, cultural level and obesity should be taken into account when deciding on lymphadenectomy.
 ...
PMID:Corpus cavernosum invasion and tumor grade in the prediction of lymph node condition in penile carcinoma. 147 25

A case of advanced cervical carcinoma of the uterus with ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) syndrome is described. The patient was seen for general malaise 21 months after surgical treatment of the primary lesion whose histology was undifferentiated small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. She had extensive metastases in the liver and the abdominal wall. In addition to the typical clinical manifestations of Cushing's syndrome such as moon face, central obesity and acne vulgaris, hyperglycemia was so severe that she was in a hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma. Endocrinological examinations revealed elevated plasma ACTH and cortisol, and urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids, which were not suppressed by high-dose dexamethasone administration. Based on these clinical and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of ectopic ACTH syndrome was made. Among the results of other endocrinological examinations conducted to find the etiological cause of the hyperglycemic coma, which seemed to be unusual for ectopic ACTH syndrome, the plasma somatostatin level was abnormally high. Metastatic tumors in the liver obtained at the time of autopsy contained large amounts of both ACTH and somatostatin, and gel filtration studies revealed that the peptides produced by the tumor had the molecular sizes of the biologically active forms of the respective peptides. These observations suggest possible involvement of the somatostatin in deteriorating glucose intolerance to develop hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma as a drastic disturbance of metabolism.
 ...
PMID:A case of cervical carcinoma of the uterus presenting with hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma as a manifestation of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome. 164 12

Adrenocortical scintigraphy with iodine 131-19-iodocholesterol or selenium 75-6-selenomethylcholesterol was performed in 94 patients with proven or suspected adrenal disease. According to the final diagnosis, 36 patients suffered from primary aldosteronism, 33 from Cushing's syndrome, 8 from low renin hypertension, 6 from nonfunctioning adrenal tumour, 4 from simple obesity, 3 from adrenal metastases, 1 from congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 1 from virilizing adrenal adenoma, 1 from extraadrenal phaeochromocytoma, 1 from ganglioneuroma. Surgical confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained in most cases. With a few exceptions, the scintigraphy results were consistent with the final diagnosis. The two tracers were equally effective adrenal scanning agents. Tracer concentration was measured in a number of surgical specimens, mostly from patients given selenocholesterol. This measurement in surgical samples has not been reported in previous studies with this agent. The results provided a direct validation of uptake measurements in vivo. The data, collected over a 17-year period, demonstrate that despite the advent of new imaging techniques, adrenal scintigraphy that gives both functional and morphologic information still has an important role in the diagnosis of adrenal disease.
 ...
PMID:Clinical experience with the adrenal scanning agents iodine 131-19-iodocholesterol and selenium 75-6-selenomethylcholesterol. 174 5

252 evaluable patients were treated in the Centre Claudius Regaud from January 1974 to December 1983 for stage Ib, IIa or proximal IIb carcinoma of the uterine cervix. This retrospective analysis compares results obtained either by radio-surgical combination therapy (113 patients = RS group) or by exclusive irradiation (139 patients = RT group). The comparison of the two groups in terms of patient age, obesity, associated vascular pathology and previous abdomino-pelvic surgery favored the RS group significantly. The distribution according to clinical stage also significantly favored the RS group. The proportion of patients with stage IIb disease was 12% in the RS group as opposed to 25% for the RT group. Despite unfavorable patient and tumor characteristics, therapeutic results in the RT group were similar to those of the RS group. Pelvic recurrences developed in 18/110 (16%) and 18/139 (13%) of the patients in the RS and RT groups, respectively. Distant metastases occurred in 5/92 (5%) patients in the RS group and 13/121 (11%) patients in the RT group, but the difference was not significant (p less than 0.1). Five year corrected actuarial disease-free survival was 82% in both groups. There were no major early complications in the RT group while four were found in the RS group, of which three were fatal. 2% of patients had major late complications in the RS group versus 6% in the RT group and none were lethal. 25% of the RT group patients had a moderate or mild complication versus 10% in the RS group but 2/3 of these complications recovered without sequellae.
 ...
PMID:Non-randomized comparative study of irradiation alone or in combination with surgery in stage Ib, IIa and "proximal" IIb carcinoma of the cervix. 195

Two hundred thirty two patients with rectal cancer at or below the peritoneal reflection, who underwent extended systematic lymphadenectomy, especially lateral node dissection, were reviewed with respect to survival rate, degree of surgical technique, and mode of recurrence. On the basis of the extent of lateral node spread, two types of lateral node dissection were performed, consisting of preservation of internal iliac vessels (conventional) and en bloc excision of these vessels (extended). The overall disease-free five-year survival rate was 69.4 percent in all patients--75.8 percent for those who underwent extended resection and 67.4 percent for those who underwent conventional resection an excellent survival rate of 49 percent of patients with lateral node metastasis was obtained. The analysis was carried out with regard to prognostic factors such as number of node metastases, obesity index, mode of recurrence, etc. We would recommend that systemic lymphadenectomy with lateral node dissection be performed for advanced rectal cancer at or below the peritoneal reflection.
 ...
PMID:Significance of lateral node dissection for advanced rectal carcinoma at or below the peritoneal reflection. 278 76

Ultrasound was used to assess venous extension in 28 patients with renal carcinoma, with particular reference to involvement of the inferior vena cava. The findings were correlated with surgical findings in all except two patients who had gross caval involvement and metastatic disease and in whom surgery was considered inappropriate. In 10 of the 28 patients (36%), a diagnostic ultrasound examination of the cava from the renal veins to the diaphragm was obtained. In four of these, ultrasound showed tumour involvement of the vena cava. In 12 cases (43%) only the intrahepatic part of the cava was seen, but the examination nonetheless excluded tumour involvement of the upper cava. Visualisation of the vena cava was impossible in six cases (21%), usually because of bowel gas or obesity; CT scanning provided valuable additional information in two of these cases. Inferior vena cavography confirmed the findings of the less invasive imaging procedures in 10 patients and was falsely positive once. Cavography is now seldom necessary in the assessment of renal carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:The accuracy and limitations of ultrasound in the assessment of venous extension in renal carcinoma. 330 13

The relationship between obesity and breast cancer has been investigated in 1281 Auckland breast cancer patients. Using a definition of obesity as a Body Mass Index (BMI) of greater than or equal to 28 kg/m2, 179 (14%) breast cancer patients were classified as obese. The heights, weights, and BMI of 822 breast cancer patients aged 35-64 compared to 518 randomly selected Auckland women of similar age showed no significant difference. Within the breast cancer patients, there was no variation in nodal status or estrogen and progesterone receptor status between obese and non-obese women. However, tumours greater than 5 cm occurred significantly more often in obese patients. Time to recurrence was reduced in obese women with tumours less than or equal to 5 cm, no tumour in the axillary nodes, positive estrogen or progesterone receptor, and without metastases at the time of presentation of the disease. Although obesity has not been shown to influence breast cancer incidence, an effect on tumour recurrence is seen in patients with less advanced disease. This is similar to other reports which suggest that obesity is a weak but positive risk factor for recurrence.
 ...
PMID:Influence of height, weight, and obesity on breast cancer incidence and recurrence in Auckland, New Zealand. 362 Jul 16

Arm lymphedema (ALE) was evaluated in 74 patients treated conservatively for breast cancer. ALE was defined based upon measurements performed upon 35 volunteer subjects who did not have and were never treated for breast cancer. Multiple variable statistical analysis of 74 breast cancer patients revealed that age at diagnosis was the most important factor related to the subsequent development of ALE. ALE appeared in 7 of 28 patients (25%) 60 years of age or older but in only 3 of 46 (7%) younger patients (p less than 0.02). Axillary node dissection (AND) was the only other statistically significant factor. For the younger patients, obesity and post-operative wound complications appeared to be contributing factors. For the older patients, AND technique was the only significant factor. ALE developed in only 1 of 10 (10%) of the older patients who underwent AND without splitting the pectoralis minor muscle (PMM), but in 6 of 11 (55%) who underwent AND with PMM split (p less than 0.03). Splitting the PMM during AND did not yield more lymph nodes for pathological analysis nor did it yield a higher incidence of patients with nodal metastases. Neither the use of lymph node radiation therapy fields, radiation to the full axilla, nor systemic chemotherapy was associated with ALE. We conclude that older patients are at higher risk of ALE and that this complication can possibly be reduced by not splitting the PMM during axillary node dissection.
 ...
PMID:Arm lymphedema in patients treated conservatively for breast cancer: relationship to patient age and axillary node dissection technique. 379 44

A woman of 48 years of age presented over a period of twelve years with, successively, a cancer of the rectum, a cancer of the breast, cancer of the scalp and finally of the endometrium without metastases. Her general condition stayed good. We have looked into the nosological, statistical, pathogenic and prognostic features of multiple cancers. It does seem that the hormone state may be the trigger for this polycancerous condition (hyperoestrogenaemia). This was linked to an alimentary factor (obesity) and to a family history of a predisposition to cancer, as our patient was the tissue of a blood-related marriage and a member of a family where the incidence of cancer was 40%. Multiple cancers are 2.42% of all cancers but are mainly double or triple cancers. There are only 20 cases of quadruple cancers in the literature. One can divide these into: Cancers with a short interval between each appearance of simultaneous appearances, which usually occur at an advanced age, due to simple chance and often with a bad prognosis. Cancers that occur at longer intervals in younger people, which are rarer and show a family predisposition or endogenous factors. Their prognosis is as a whole better.
 ...
PMID:[Multiple cancers. Apropos of a quadruple cancer]. 390 45


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>