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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Arthritis commonly accompanies clinical disturbances of metabolism, while diseases which are primarily articular may cause major general metabolic abnormalities. The relationship between diet, nutrition and joint diseases is complex and varies from simple mechanical factors (as in obesity) to complex metabolic processes. Current knowledge of these processes is extensive in some areas, such as in gout and hyperuricaemia, whereas in others, such as the arthropathy encountered after intestinal bypass surgery, it is very scant indeed. Joint disorders in hyperlipoproteinaemia and diabetes mellitus are varied and the pathogenesis of these articular problems is as yet ill understood. In view of the frequency with which these metabolic problems occur, these disorders offer no opportunities for the clinical study of the processes involved in joint inflammation and damage. In contrast, metabolic abnormalities such as hypergastrinaemia and elevated ionized calcium in rheumatoid arthritis are worthy of study, as they may offer clues to the underlying aetiology of the joint disease. This latter abnormality is suggestive of hyperparathyroidism, a condition which may present with polyarthritis and in which joint changes may be severe, although they are usually obscured by the more obvious bony problems in this disease. An illustrative historical vignette is included.
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PMID:Some metabolic aspects of arthritis. 703 19

In general, hallux rigidus arthrosis is said to occur in patients suffering from gout more frequently than average, and it should be valued as a symptom of chronic gout. But as a reevaluation of this problem shows, no criteria can be stated as to causal relationship between hyperuricemia (or gout) and hallux rigidus arthrosis. Obesity has to be considered a connecting link between both of them, and it is accelerating their genesis. Hallux rigidus arthrosis represents, like the arthrosis of Heberden the most frequent possibility for confusing it with gout.
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PMID:[Hallux rigidus arthrosis and gout]. 707 72

The following assertion - continuously being alleged - is examined: Hallux rigidus arthrosis is said to occur in patients suffering from gout more frequently than average, and it should be valued as a symptom of chronic gout. Results of our own findings are as follows: 1. Hallux rigidus arthrosis becomes manifest in general on the right side or bilaterally, respectively; on the left side, however, it occurs rarely in an isolated state. 2. In patients with hallux rigidus arthrosis hyperuricaemia, gout, and obesity are seen more frequently than in adults of the normal population - these three diseases often are combined with static mutations in the region of the lower extremities. 3. No criteria can be stated as to causal relationship between hyperuricaemia (or gout) and hallux rigidus arthrosis. Obesity has to be considered a connecting link between both of them, and it is accelerating their genesis. 4. Hallux rigidus arthrosis represents - same as the arthrosis of Heberden - the more frequent possibility for confusing it with gout.
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PMID:[Between hallux rigidus arthrosis and gout is no causal relationship]. 732 6

Obesity is the major nutritional problem affecting industrialised society. According to a recent ISTAT survey, 41% of men and 19% of women in the Italian population suffer from obesity. Obesity is a complex pathological entity with a multiform and often indeterminable etiology. Studies of natural and adopted children and twins suggest that a clear hereditary, constitutional predisposing factor is present in obesity which interacts with environmental conditions. The genetic factor is also suggested by the statistical finding that if neither parent is obese, then only 7-10% of their children will be obese, whereas if one parent is obese, 40-50% of children will probably become obese, and if both parents are obese as many as 70-80% of children will be obese. The risks related to obesity can be broadly categorised as mechanical and metabolic. The former include arthrosis, osteoporosis, degenerative diseases affecting the joints and bone matrix, muscular hypotrophy and respiratory deficits. The major metabolic risks include hypercholesterolemia, altered glycoregulation and hyperuricemia. From an obstetric point of view, apart from the fact that obesity is often associated with sterility, excess weight can often lead to sometimes dramatic complications during pregnancy, involving major risks for both mother and fetus. From a gynecological point of view the links between obesity, tumours and menopause are well known.
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PMID:Obesity: internal medicine, obstetric and gynecological problems related to overweight. 787 28

Heterotopic ossification is a well-recognized complication of musculoskeletal trauma and elective orthopaedic surgery. A series of 10 cases of arthroscopic subacromial decompressions developed postoperative heterotopic bone. In eight, the ectopic bone caused recurrent shoulder impingement. These are the first reported cases in which heterotopic ossification compromised the results of an arthroscopic procedure. It is recommended that the patient at risk (e.g., with active spondolytic arthropathy or a profile of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy--obesity, diabetes with a history of chronic pulmonary disease) be considered for heterotopic ossification prophylaxis.
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PMID:Failure of arthroscopic decompression by subacromial heterotopic ossification causing recurrent impingement. 800 41

Rheumatic symptoms are often associated with obesity. The usual symptom is pain in the knee due to gonarthrosis, of which one of the causes is obesity; there is a correlation between the degree of overweight and the severity of gonarthrosis. It is likely, though not demonstrated, that overweight aggravates the arthrosis of supporting joints. On the other hand, obesity limits the post-menopausal bone loss. The intestinal bypass created to obtain a loss of weight may generate complications, and in particular an inflammatory rheumatism due to proliferation of bacteria in a blind intestinal loop, and osteomalacia caused by disorders of vitamin D absorption sometimes develops. The risk of perioperative complications is increased in obese patients. The mid-term results of hip or knee surgical replacement seem to be good. In the present state of our knowledge, its seems to be rational to convince obese patients complaining of rheumatic illness that they should lose weight.
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PMID:[Osteoarticular pathology and massive obesity]. 831 Feb 46

Severe obesity with co-morbidity such as diabetes mellitus, cardiac failure, obesity hypoventilation, degenerative bone diseases and increased incidence of malignancy give rise to shorter life expectancy and have an impact on quality of life. This results in higher costs of health care and work absence. Surgical procedures have become commonplace in the therapy of morbid obesity because of the infrequent success of medical treatment. We performed a horizontal gastroplasty by laparoscopic adjustable silicon gastric banding (LASGB) on 60 patients between 1. 11. 1995 and 28. 2. 1997. The average excess above normal weight was 62 kg, the median BMI (Body-Mass-Index) was 46.44 kg/m2. Fifty-nine procedures were performed by the laparoscopic method and one with an open technique. The average postoperative hospital stay was five days. Due to dorsal slipping or pouch enlargement the procedure had to be repeated on 6 patients (10%). The median loss of weight in the first three months was 14.78 kg, after six months 24.14 kg and after nine months 35.1 kg. Insulin treatment for three patients suffering diabetes mellitus could be discontinued-in addition blood sugar levels in six patients normalised. Two patients with obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome no longer needed a nocturnal Nasal-Continuous-Positive-Airway-Pressure-(nCPAP-)Therapy. To provide a better quality of life to this group of patients, the gastric banding is a suitable method for carefully evaluated and followed patients. In addition improved ability to work and reduction of health care costs due to co-morbidity and joint diseases have a positive economic impact.
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PMID:[Surgical therapy of morbid obesity: indications, technique of laparoscopic gastric banding and initial results]. 941 44

We report on a 42-year old male with short stature, azoospermia and a wide deletion of long arm of Y chromosome. On physical examination, the patient showed height of 149 cm (< 1 degree centile) and reduced volume (3 ml) and consistency of the testes. On hormonal evaluation, he showed increased serum gonadotropins and normal serum testosterone levels though its HCG stimulated levels were limited. Serum thyroid hormones were normal. Serum GH levels in baseline evaluation as well as after GHRH and GHRH + pyridostigmine administration were normal. Serum IGF I levels were lower than normal in baseline evaluation whereas its response to the GH administration was in the normal range. The bilateral testicular biopsy showed tubular atrophy, hyalinosis, interstitial sclerosis and a histological picture of a Sertoli cell only syndrome. Moreover the patient showed arthropathy, otopathy, small chin, small mouth and truncal obesity. On genetic evaluation, the patient showed a 46,X,delY (pter--q11.1:) karyotype and loss of several DNA loci on Yq. In fact he preserved short arm SRY, centromeric DYZ3 and more proximal euchromatic region Yq loci, including DYS270, DYS271, DYS272, DYS11, DYS273, DYS274, DYS148, DYS275, and missed more distal DNA loci from DYS246 to DYZ2. These results disclosed a wide Y long arm deletion, including all hypothized Yq azoospermia loci (except for AZFa and probably for one of the RBM genes, which lie proximally to the deletion) and possibly the Y-specific growth control region (GCY), mapped between DYS11 and DYS246 loci. This deletion is responsible for the complete azoospermia of the patient and probably also for his short stature, even if other factors could be implicated in the statural impairment. It further possibly allowed to relate the GCY gene(s) to the control of GH or IGF-I receptor or post-receptor pathway, being the alteration of this gene(s) consistent with the hormonal pattern of the patient.
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PMID:Short stature and azoospermia in a patient with Y chromosome long arm deletion. 943 22

Obesity is an essential risk factor for hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke as well as for metabolic disturbances, especially for type 2 diabetes, hyper- and dyslipidemia, and it is responsible for the metabolic syndrome with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Disturbances in the lung function are also induced by obesity, as a higher risk for arthrosis on the lower extremities. Some oncological diseases like breast-, endometrial-, and prostatic cancer are associated with obesity. It is evident, that the fat distribution plays an important role in the development of obesity associated diseases: the accumulation of visceral fat has a higher risk as the peripheral fat, probably due to the different metabolism.
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PMID:[Obesity: entrance port to multimorbidity]. 988 99

Obesity is one of the pathologies with ever-increasing prevalence in modern societies. Its occurrence is strongly associated with increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, heart and respiratory failure, breast, prostate and gut cancer, gall stones, arthropathy. Obesity is common in Polish population. Obesity treatment is difficult and frustrating. It consists of several parts like diet, increased physical activity, lifestyle changes, drug therapy and surgery. However, obesity treatment is very often a failure, mostly because of discouraging long-term results and the necessity of intensive patient's involvement in the therapy. For many patients and doctors weight-decreasing agents look promising. The groups of anti-obesity drugs are presented in the article, with special reference to serotoninergic agents and intestinal lipase inhibitors. The prospects for new anti-obesity agents are discussed. Nevertheless, despite intensive research on obesity, we are still waiting for the development of an effective and safe drugs helping lose weight.
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PMID:[The role of pharmacotherapy for treatment of obesity in adults]. 1120 19


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