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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

21 young female and 15 young male patients with cerebrovascular insults were examined for risk factors. 14 of the 15 male patients showed clear cut risk factors: obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arterial hypertension, smoking, thromboses, vitium cordis. 20 of the 21 female patients took oral contraceptives. 60% of the female patients with angiographically confirmed stenoses and occlusion did not show any other risk factor. These results support the hypothesis that oral contraceptives are in themselves a risk factor.
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PMID:[The importance of risk factors in cerebrovascular processes while taking oral contraceptives (author's transl)]. 41 98

Fifty relatives of 7 families with high prevalence of obesity were investigated and the possibility was shown that there were three forms of familial obesity--normoinsulinemic obesity, hyperinsulinemic obesity and diabetic obesity. In normoinsulinemic obesity, both glucose tolerance and plasma lipids were normal with a few exceptions whereas in hyperinsulinemic obesity, mild glucose intolerance and manifest hyperlipidemia, and in diabetic obesity, blunted insulinogenic index and more advanced glucose intolerance with slight hyperlipidemia existed.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of plasma insulin and triglyceride levels in obesity demonstrated by family study. 45 3

Atherosclerotic vascular disease is very common in diabetic patients. It often occurs at an earlier age and is more severe than in nondiabetic individuals. The medical management of cardiac disease in diabetics is much the same as in nondiabetics. Risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia must be vigorously treated, and smoking should be restricted.
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PMID:Office management of cardiac disease in the diabetic. 46 80

Among the identified precursors of cardiovascular disease hypertension acts as a major risk factor. Hyperlipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and cigarette smoking are the other major factors that increase the risk of symptomatic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Other factors influence (obesity, stress, hyperuricaemia, etc.) but are not independent risk factors. More definitive information on the efficacy of multifactorial intervention is needed.
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PMID:Risk factors in hypertension and ischaemic heart disease. 50 35

The serum lipid values (total lipids, cholesterol) and the amounts of fat components (total fat, cholesterol, saturated and multiply unsaturated fatty acids) in food were determined for 1000 subjects of primary obesity and 200 subjects having normal weight. The age of the subjects included in this study was between 18 and 60. From the second to sixth decades of life, obese subjects showed increases in hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia from 2.3% to 22% and from 4.6% to 26%, respectively. Lower percentages were determined for the controls. The consumption of total fat, cholesterol, saturated and multiply unsaturated fatty acids in food was lower in subjects of obesity than in normal-weight subjects. Problems of the dynamic and static phases of obesity, hyperphagia, hypophagia, and longitudinal behavior are discussed with particular reference to the causes thereof. With males, the intake of all fatty substances contained in food decreased with increasing age. Possible causes of this include changes in environmental and working conditions as well as nutritional consciousness.
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PMID:[Fat consumption, blood lipids and age (author's transl)]. 54 19

Atherosclerosis is one of the most common causes of peripheral vascular disease. Complications result from arteries compromised because of focal accumulations of lipids and other materials within and between cells in the vessel walls. Factors including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, social stress, and genetic background have been implicated as promoting a higher risk of atherosclerosis and its consequences.
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PMID:Atherosclerosis: a major cause of peripheral vascular disease. 58 6

Excretion of catecholamines and DOPA was impaired in patients with metabolic-alimentary obesity, with ischemic disease of heart, with atherosclerosis and excessive weight. Distinct decrease in content of adrenaline, noradrenaline and DOPA was observed in patients with obesity; the phenomenon was less pronounced in ischemic disease of heart, mainly in aged patients. Correlation was found between the rate of excretion of catecholamines and DOPA and the extent of hyperlipidemia. Dietetics did not normalize completely the impairments studied. Additional administration of pyridoxine caused a favorable effect.
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PMID:[Excretion of catecholamines and DOPA in lipid metabolism disorders]. 59 86

A study of the serum lipids in 90 patients with gout and 90 controls matched for age and weight index demonstrated that in gout there was a significant elevation of the mean serum levels of cholesterol (282 +/- 55 mg/100 ml), triglycerides (183 +/- 161 mg/100 ml) and phospholipids (270 +/- 61 mg/100 ml) compared with the controls whose mean values were respectively 243 +/- 41 mg, 95 +/- 53 mg and 245 +/- 36 mg. Hyperlipidaemia of mixed type was the most common lipid defect in the patients with gout; there was no difference in the frequency of pure hypercholesterolaemia (without hypertriglyceridaemia) between gout and the controls. The frequency of anomalies of blood lipid levels in gout does not result from (or not solely from) obesity since patients with gout and controls were matched for their weight and height. There was a correlation between the serum lipid levels and obesity in the controls but this was not demonstrable in the patients with gout.
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PMID:Gout and hyperlipidaemia. Effect of overweight on the levels of circulating lipids. 61 8

To date, there is little information available on stroke risk factors in a major ethnic minority such as Mexican-Americans (M-A) in the USA. Forty-three M-A patients were admitted to The Methodist Hospital and Ben Taub General Hospital (Houston) for a 12-month period, with diagnosis of atherosclerotic stroke. Thrombosis was diagnosed in 31 patients (72%), embolism from atherosclerotic sources in seven (16.4%), and parenchymal hemorrhage in five (11.6%). Hypertension was a common risk factor in all groups, being higher in hemorrhage followed by thrombosis and embolism. Arteriosclerotic heart disease was a common risk to all stroke types. TIAs, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, associated atherosclerotic lesions, smoking, obesity, erythrocytosis and sedentary life were significantly associated with embolism; less so with thrombosis or hemorrhage. Gout was only associated with thrombosis. These results indicate similar risk factors for Anglo-saxons and M-A in the USA with some minor differences between the Mexican and the USA stroke series.
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PMID:Risk factors in stroke in a Mexican-American population (Houston). 61 32

Small-bowel ischaemia is the least familiar cardiovascular complication of the oral contraceptive but is 1 associated with a high mortality rate and much morbidity. Hoyle et al have recently reviewed 21 cases and found that 1/2 the patients had died and 1/2 had required 2 or more operations, resulting in the removal of much of the small bowel. Small-bowel ischaemia occurs in women taking the oral contraceptive as a result of either mesenteric artery or mesenteric vein thrombosis. The dominant presenting symptom in small-bowel ischaemia, found in all patients, is abdominal pain. Some patients had associated nausea and vomiting; others complained of diarrhea. On examination the patient has usually been found to be febrile with generalized abdominal tenderness. Bowel sounds are present unless infarction has occurred. In nearly all cases reported the diagnosis has been made only at laparotomy, when the bowel was usually infarcted. Since many of the patients had had pain for 2 or more weeks, the condition might be reversible if it could be detected earlier. A diagnosis of small-bowel ischaemia should be carefully considered in any woman taking an oral contraceptive who presents with vague abdominal pain and has an associated condition known to predispose to circulatory disorders: cigarette smoking, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, or blood group A. If it seems like small-bowel ischaemia is the likely diagnosis, the contraceptive pill should be stopped immediately and treatment started with heparin.
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PMID:Flap lacerations. 62 Jan 42


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