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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) was assessed in 68 massively obese patients prior to and following biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) for obesity. The eating behavior and the psychological traits were evaluated by the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire and the Eating Disorder Inventory. Since after BPD the body weight regulation is substantially dependent on intestinal absorption, the individuals operated on have to be considered as absolutely free eaters. In this population, 30 patients were affected by BED and in 24 of them binge eating disappeared spontaneously following BPD, highlighting the main role of preoccupation with food, diet and overweight in causing or in maintaining BED.
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PMID:Binge eating following biliopancreatic diversion for obesity. 856 89

The present study examined the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) among 192 obese individuals seeking treatment in a university-based eating disorders program. Subjects responded to a self-report questionnaire on the presence and severity of binge eating and were divided into two groups: (a) 48 non-binge eaters and (b) 144 binge eaters, 72 of whom met criteria for BED. Binge eaters reported earlier onset of obesity, higher levels of psychopathology, and less competence in relation to weight control. Comparison between the 72 individuals diagnosed with BED and the 72 binge eaters not meeting BED criteria indicated that the former group evidenced more severe binge eating and a higher level of depression. Given the differences across a range of psychological variables between binge eaters and non-binge eaters, these findings support the clinical and research value of BED as a new diagnostic category. However, they also indicate that severity of binge eating, regardless of frequency and associated behavioral features, is the most important distinguishing characteristic. Further research is needed to determine the most appropriate threshold for BED diagnosis.
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PMID:The clinical significance of binge eating in an obese population: support for bed and questions regarding its criteria. 872 8

The author examines the functions of child masturbation in the development of narcissim and distinguishes a demarcation function, a compensation function and a function serving to establish autonomy. In Binswanger's view, certain reactions to child masturbation on the part of parents may affect the interactive relationship between the child and the parent representing the primary object in such a way as to thwart or undermine these functions. The result is the appearance of masturbation substitutes in the form of certain symptoms. Binswanger distinguishes "horrified", "liberal", and "eroticized" reactions by parents, relating the first to compulsion neurosis, the second to obesity, and the third to anorexia/bulimia. The author illustrates his hypotheses with copious references to cases from his own practice.
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PMID:[Childhood masturbation--a genetic viewpoint, especially in anorexia and bulimia nervosa]. 876 92

This cross-sectional survey used a self-report questionnaire to measure the prevalence and correlates of bulimia nervosa and bulimic behaviors in a sample of undergraduate students enrolled in two state-supported universities in Texas in 1990. In one university, the student population was predominantly white; in the other, it was predominantly nonwhite. Bulimia status was assessed using criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R), of the American Psychiatric Association and was operationalized using the Revised Bulimia Test. Overall, 0.9% of the sample, 1.3% of the females, and 0.2% of the males were classified as having bulimia nervosa. The prevalence of bulimic behaviors was 5.4% overall, 6.6% for females, and 3.6% for males. There was no racial/ethnic difference in the prevalence of bulimia nervosa or bulimic behaviors; 1.5% of the whites (n = 459) and 0.4% of the nonwhites (n = 693) were classified as having bulimia nervosa, while 5.5% of the whites and 5.3% of the nonwhites reported bulimic behaviors. In univariate analysis, female sex, obesity, dieting behavior, and a family history of alcoholism, drug abuse, and depression were statistically associated with bulimic behaviors. After adjustment for covariates, only obesity and dieting behavior were statistically significant. We concluded that the sex difference in bulimic behaviors reported in other studies may be due to the failure to control for confounding factors.
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PMID:Prevalence and correlates of bulimia nervosa and bulimic behaviors in a racially diverse sample of undergraduate students in two universities in southeast Texas. 878 59

In an earlier study we found parental psychiatric symptoms to be a better correlate of behavioral problems in obese children than either child or parental obesity. This study sought to extend this research by assessing the association of general maternal distress, specific maternal psychopathology, family socioeconomic status and child obesity with the psychological problems of 152 children seeking treatment for obesity in two cohorts. Child psychological problems were measured using the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 (CBCL) in each cohort. In sample 1 maternal general psychiatric symptoms were measured using the Cornell Medical Index (psychiatric subscales) and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems whereas specific psychopathology was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory and the Bulimia Test. In sample 2 the Symptom Checklist-90 and Binge Eating Scale provided general and specific measures of psychopathology. In the combined sample, 58% percent of the boys and 44% of the girls met criteria on at least one CBCL behavioral problem scale, with Social Problems the most prevalent problem in both boys and girls. For both samples, child obesity did not account for any variance in child psychosocial problems beyond that accounted for by maternal psychopathology and family SES. Family SES accounted for a significant increment in variance in child behavioral problems in only two scales. This study systematically replicates previous research, adding support for a broader conceptualization of factors that influence psychological problems in obese treatment-seeking children than one which focuses on child obesity.
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PMID:The association of maternal psychopathology and family socioeconomic status with psychological problems in obese children. 878 39

Research in obesity has generally not demonstrated an association with increased rates of psychopathology compared to normal-weight comparison groups. However, studies of obese individuals from clinical samples with recurrent binge eating or binge eating disorder (BED) have generally revealed increased rates of psychiatric comorbidity compared to non-binge eating obese individuals. Also, several studies have reported finding an association between BED and elevated rates of psychological distress, social problems, and impaired self-esteem. This report provides an overview of research findings regarding psychiatric comorbidity among individuals with BED, and it presents suggestion for future research.
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PMID:Comorbidity and binge eating disorder. 882 May 25

In this study we examined whether obese women with binge eating disorder (BED) reporting earlier onset binge eating differed from those with later onset binge eating on salient clinical parameters. Subjects were 112 women who sought treatment for BED. Subjects with early (< or = age 18) and later onset (> age 18) did not differ in age, weight, body mass index, or severity of binge eating. Participants were interviewed using the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, and completed a weight and diet history questionnaire. Early-onset binge eaters were more likely than those with later-onset to binge-eat before dieting, to have early onset of obesity and dieting, to have longer binge-free periods, and more paternal obesity and binge eating. Early-onset binge eaters also reported more eating-disorders psychopathology, and they were more likely to report a lifetime history of bulimia nervosa and DSM-III-R mood disorder. These data suggest that there are marked differences among BED patients presenting for treatment. Further research is needed to determine whether these differences reflect a different etiology or have implications for treatment.
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PMID:Binge eating onset in obese patients with binge eating disorder. 882 May 27

Binge-eating behavior is often thought to be the consequence of energy restriction and dietary restraint. However, evidence is accumulating that recurrent eating binges may be one behavioral mechanism in the expression of familial obesity, and may therefore precede the onset of dieting. The profile of patients with the DSM-IV binge-eating disorder resembles that of patients with familial obesity. There is further evidence for the involvement of the endogenous opiate peptide system. Binge-type foods are often rich in fat, sugar, or both. The opiate antagonist naloxone reduced the consumption of sweet high-fat foods in obese and lean female binge-eaters, though not in nonbinging controls. In contrast, obese as opposed to lean subjects were not differentially affected by naloxone. These data provide a psychobiological validation of the DSM-IV binge eating disorder and suggest that binge eating may be triggered by physiological events. As opposed to being the outcome of dieting, binge-eating episodes should be considered as its possible cause.
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PMID:Metabolic determinants of binge eating. 882 May 26

The relationship between binge eating severity, measured by caloric intake, and amount of body fat, measured by percent of body fat and body mass index (BMI) was examined in nonpurge binge eating women. Although there was a low, but significant, relationship between binge eating severity and BMI, the relationship was not significant between binge eating severity and percent of body fat. Age and weight cycling were the best predictors for percent of body fat, while weight cycling alone was the best predictor for BMI. It cannot be assumed that caloric intake during binge eating is the central cause of obesity in nonpurge binge eating women.
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PMID:The relationship between binge eating severity and body fat in nonpurge binge eating women. 884 23

Obese individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) differ from obese non-binge eating (NBE) individuals in a number of clinically relevant ways. This study examined attitudinal responses to various measures of body image in women seeking obesity treatment, by comparing NBE participants (n = 80) to those with BED (n = 48). It was hypothesized that women with BED would demonstrate greater attitudinal disturbance of body image compared to NBE individuals. It was further hypothesized that significant differences between groups would remain after statistically controlling for degree of depression. Consistent with the primary hypothesis, BED participants reported significantly increased attitudinal disturbance in body dissatisfaction and size perception compared to NBE participants. Although shared variance was observed between measures of depression and body image on some items, several aspects of increased body image disturbance remained after statistically controlling for depression. Treatment implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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PMID:Differences in body image and depression among obese women with and without binge eating disorder. 888 7


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