Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Symptoms and clinical findings recorded from 379 patients (6.7 per cent of all cases of appendectomy) with perforated appendicitis, between 1970 and 1984, were retrospectively evaluated. Children up to 14 years of age accounted for 32.8 per cent, adults for 37.8 per cent, and adults above 50 years of age accounted for 30.2 per cent of the above group. More than three typical appendicitis symptoms were recordable from only 30 per cent of all patients. Decompressive and jolting pain was the most common clinical symptom and was recorded from 66.6 per cent of the above 379 patients. 50 per cent of the patients did not exhibit leucocytosis, and normal body temperatures were measured from 21.1 per cent in spite of perforated appendicitis. The event of perforation occurred both six hours after onset of complaints as well as four days later. Obesity, enteritis, and cardiovascular diseases were the most common diseases established in concomitance with perforated appendicitis. 9 patients (2.3 per cent) died of the consequences of peritonitis or accompanying diseases. In patients with suspected appendicitis it is not justified to delay surgery even in the presence of serious associated disease.
 ...
PMID:[Preoperative examination findings in patients with a perforated appendix]. 376 28

With westernization of diet and lifestyle among South African Blacks, particularly urban dwellers, hitherto unknown gastro-intestinal diseases are becoming evident. Previously unreported is hiatus hernia, now a definite disease entity, although still very uncommon. At Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, over 17 months in 1977-1978, 46 patients with hiatus hernia were detected from barium meal examinations on 1392 persons, i.e. 3,3%, or 0,07% of total hospital admissions of adults. The disease affected mainly middle-aged and elderly women. Prevalences of obesity, comparative physical inactivity and hypertension appeared commoner than in the general urban adult population. Just as appendicitis is a marker of westernization in young urban Blacks, hiatus hernia may be regarded as a marker in the middle-aged and elderly.
 ...
PMID:Hiatus hernia in Johannesburg blacks. 740 65

Intensive animal rearing, manipulation of crop production and food processing have altered the qualitative and quantitative balance of nutrients of foods consumed by Western society. This change, to which the physiology and biochemistry of man may not be presently adapted to, is thought to be responsible for the chronic diseases that are rampant in the Industrialised Western Countries. Agriculture production and food processing practices, dietary habits and lifestyle of the West is being fostered without any appraisal of the health implications by most developing countries. Consequently, a rising trend in the incidences of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, dental decay and appendicitis is apparent. Mediterranean countries are adopting the agriculture and food practices of northern Europe as the result of the harmonisation of European food and agriculture policy. It is predicted that the low incidence of morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes and breast and colon cancer of the Mediterranean countries would rise to the high northern European level in the foreseeable future. Most of these chronic diseases are lifestyle related and are preventable. This can be realised by tackling the root problem which is food production and processing practices and not by dispensing designer drugs or opening more hospital beds.
 ...
PMID:Nutrition and health in relation to food production and processing. 806 63

Laparoscopic appendicectomy has been the subject of several encouraging reports, but has not as yet gained widespread acceptance. We present a series of 159 consecutive laparoscopic appendicectomies performed, over a 4 yr period, in both adults and children. We find the procedure as safe as its open counterpart, with patients fit to leave hospital within the same time period. Perforated appendices were amenable to this procedure, and the location of the appendix did not alter the outcome. Children responded as well as adults post-operatively. Obesity may be an indication for this form of treatment. Removal of displaced faecoliths associated with perforated appendicitis is a difficult technical problem in less than 5 per cent of patients.
 ...
PMID:Laparoscopic appendicectomy--a successful operation in adults and children. 905 24

In populations in sub-Saharan Africa, transitional changes in patterns of morbidity and mortality are taking place, with decreases in the diseases of poverty and infection, but rises in chronic diseases of prosperity, associated, however, with greater longevity. Remarkably, bowel diseases - appendicitis, diverticular disease, colon cancer - while nearly absent in rural areas, have very low incidences in urban dwellers, despite rises in risk factors, including a decreasing intake of fibre-containing foods. Currently, there is no explanation for the phenomenon, which stands in marked contrast to the considerable rises which have occurred in dental caries, obesity in women and diabetes.
 ...
PMID:Effects of transition on bowel diseases in sub-Saharan Africans. 905 36

Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen. Prospective studies have shown the overall accuracy of the clinical diagnosis to be not more than 70-78% in suspected appendicitis, with a correspondingly high rate of 20-25% unnecessary laparotomies. High-resolution ultrasonography (US) is a readily available, radiation-free noninvasive diagnostic modality that enables visualization of the inflamed appendix and a variety of relevant diseases in the differential diagnostic work-up. Prospective studies have shown that the overall accuracy of US in acute appendicitis ranges between 86 and 87% (sensitivity 75-92%, specificity 92-100%), with positive and negative predictive values of 89-96%, respectively. In experienced hands, US has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy in suspected appendicitis, while halving the negative laparotomy rate to 8-15%. Since, however, a low percentage of false-negative US explorations due, for example, to accumulation of bowel gas or obesity, final therapeutic decisions be based on a careful consideration of US findings together with history, symptoms and clinical findings.
 ...
PMID:[Ultrasound first in acute appendix? Unnecessary laparotomies can often be avoided]. 1092 79

Common causes of acute abdominal pain include appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, urinary colic, perforated peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and nonspecific, nonsurgical abdominal pain. The topographic classification of acute abdominal pain (pain in one of the four abdominal quadrants, diffuse abdominal pain, flank or epigastric pain) facilitates the choice of the imaging technique. The initial radiological evaluation often consists of plain abdominal radiography, despite significant diagnostic limitations. The traditional indications for plain films--bowel obstruction, pneumoperitoneum, and the search of ureteral calculi--are questioned by helical computed tomography (CT). Although ultrasonography (US) is in many centers the modality of choice for imaging the gallbladder and the pelvis in children and women of reproductive age, CT is considered to be one of the most valued tools for triaging patients with acute abdominal pain. CT is particularly beneficial in patients with marked obesity, unclear US findings, bowel obstruction, and multiple lesions. The introduction of multidetector row CT (MDCT) has further enhanced the utility of CT in imaging patients with acute abdominal pain.
 ...
PMID:Nontraumatic abdominal emergencies: acute abdominal pain: diagnostic strategies. 1219 63

There is very little evidence for the effects of dietary fibre in young children and current dietary guidelines are based on assumptions and data extrapolated from studies in adults. The first years of life may be critical for the establishment of a healthy colonic microflora, as well as good eating habits. The lack of clear and well-founded guidelines for the intake of dietary fibre in childhood may hinder both factors. The fears that a high-fibre diet in children < 5 years of age will lead to growth faltering and mineral imbalance are not well supported in the literature, especially for children in the developed world. Indeed, with the rising levels of obesity, fibre intake may be of benefit in reducing energy intake. A low-fibre diet may also be implicated in the aetiology of childhood constipation and appendicitis. The latest proposals for the definition of dietary fibre include oligosaccharides, which may act as prebiotics. There are potential health benefits of including oligosaccharides in the diets of infants and children, but more research is needed to consider the long-term effects. The immature intestine of the infant may also result in a greater amount of starch entering the colon during weaning, and this starch would now be considered dietary fibre under the new definitions. Much new research is needed to allow adequate recommendations for the intake of dietary fibre in childhood based on data collected in appropriate age-groups.
 ...
PMID:Dietary fibre in infancy and childhood. 1274 52

Graded compression sonography is an established imaging modality in the clinical setting of acute right lower quadrant pain or to diagnose acute appendicitis because of its easy assessability, noninvasiveness, real-time imaging. However, the ability to accurately diagnose appendicitis can be affected by several factors including operator dependence, deeper-located appendix, and obesity or muscularity of the patient. However, adjuvant techniques utilizing advanced equipment and accumulated operator's experience to conventional graded compression sonography will yield more frequent detection of the vermiform appendix and more accurate results of acute appendicitis on sonography. This article introduces adjuvant techniques and various know-how of real field in the detection of the vermiform appendix and diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
 ...
PMID:Sonography of acute appendicitis. 1274

The acceptance of the laparoscopic technique for appendectomy can't be compared with the success in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The discussion is still controversial. A lower rate of wound infection in comparison to open appendectomy has been proven statistically in many studies. There is no evidence of a higher rate of complications. Postoperative pain may be reduced and return to work is often earlier. Cosmesis shows better results. Operation time and hospital stay are comparable to open appendectomy. The total of direct and indirect costs is not higher with laparoscopic than with open appendectomy. Excellent indications for laparoscopic appendectomy are atypical pain in the right lower abdomen, uncertain diagnosis in fertile and elderly women, obesity and complicated appendicitis. Controlled double-blinded randomized studies are necessary in the future to define the advantages and further indications.
 ...
PMID:[Is open appendectomy still up-to-date?]. 1575 21


1 2 3 Next >>