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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred patients who underwent jejunoileal bypass for obesity were followed for a mean period of 2 1/2 years. Four patients developed a clinical illness that resembled a systemic form of tuberculosis during the first postoperative year. This incidence exceeds that found in the general population by sixtyfold. Any patient with jejunoileal bypass who develops an illness with accelerated weight loss, enlarged lymph nodes, and unexplained fever with chills should be suspected of having tuberculosis. Aggressive diagnostic measures are required. Treatment with isoniazid and ethambutol at usual doses can be successful, but blood levels should be measured to confirm adequacy until additional information becomes available.
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PMID:Tuberculosis after jejunoileal bypass for obesity. 92 Oct 87

Goldthioglucose (GTG)-induced obese mice exhibited lower intermale aggression against an unfamiliar mouse, and had smaller submandibular and preputial glands than lean controls. The GTG-treated mice, which were pair-grown with control mice, also showed the same abnormalities. Therefore, obesity itself was not the cause of these abnormalities. One-h cohabitation with an unfamiliar mouse reduced the number of granules in the granular convoluted tubules of the submandibular glands of control mice. This histological change was not observed in the GTG-obese glands. These results suggest that the absence of typical intraspecific social behavior in male GTG-obese mice was associated with the failure to release a factor or factors from the submandibular glands.
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PMID:Low intermale aggression associated with small submandibular and preputial glands in goldthioglucose-obese mice. 152 19

Necrotizing fasciitis most often occurs in the context of prior trauma or surgery. Predisposing medical conditions include diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis, obesity, hypertension and prior irradiation. De novo occurrence in the vulva, in the absence of prior injury, surgery or irradiation, has been reported rarely. Necrotizing fasciitis of the vulva in the diabetic patient may have an insidious onset but requires an early diagnosis and aggressive surgical episode of fasciitis occurred in an obese, diabetic woman. Aggressive, wide excision of all infected vulvar, mons and thigh tissue, followed by aggressive medical and surgical postoperative care, resulted in minimal morbidity. Prompt recognition and aggressive care are required to treat this condition.
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PMID:Recurrent necrotizing fasciitis of the vulva. A case report. 176 62

Allograft coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major determinant of long-term survival following heart transplantation (HTx). In a group of 210 heart transplant recipients, we diagnosed CAD in 54 (27.1%) by coronary angiography, postmortem examination or examination of the transplanted heart at the time of retransplantation. Retrospective analysis of potential risk factors for the development of CAD was performed for both immunological (rejection pattern, immunosuppressive therapy, cytomegalovirus [CMV] infection), and nonimmunological (hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity) risk factors. The total number of rejection episodes correlated significantly with the occurrence of CAD (P less than 0.05), showing that patients who experienced two or more rejection episodes had an incidence of CAD of 40%, as opposed to a 23% incidence in patients who experienced no rejection. A composite rejection score derived from multivariate regression analysis of the severity, frequency, and timing of acute cardiac rejection episodes was found to correlate with the development of CAD (P less than 0.05). Postoperative arterial hypertension also correlated significantly with the onset of CAD (P less than 0.01), with a 92.6% incidence of hypertension in the group with CAD versus 76.3% in the group without CAD. Smoking after transplantation correlated significantly with the occurrence of CAD (P less than 0.05). There was no significant correlation with other analyzed factors in this group of patients. In this review, the development of CAD after heart transplantation correlated with treated allograft rejection. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and cessation of smoking may contribute to alleviation of this serious complication.
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PMID:Risk factors for development of accelerated coronary artery disease in cardiac transplant recipients. 236 Oct 19

The report on aversion therapy by the American Medical Association's (AMA) Council on Scientific Affairs was submitted to the AMA House of Delegates in June 1987 as an informational report and is not intended to serve as a standard of care. It reflects the views of the scientific literature as of February 1987. Aversive techniques designed to reduce dangerous or unwanted behaviors are applied most commonly to obesity, smoking, alcoholism and drug abuse, sexual behavior, and self-injurious and aggressive behavior in the mentally retarded. Specific techniques that have obtained the most positive results in some of these areas are described. The report notes, however, that carefully designed and controlled studies are needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
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PMID:Aversion therapy. Council on Scientific Affairs. 331 61

The relationship of Type A behavior pattern (TABP) and its components to physiological cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors of blood pressure, obesity, and lipids and lipoproteins was examined in 112 pairs of twin children. Blood pressure, triceps skinfold thickness, and fasting venous specimens for lipid profiles were collected during a home visit. Teachers rated children's Type A-B behaviors using the Matthews Youth Test for Health (MYTH) (Matthews & Angulo, 1980). For statistical analyses, one member of each twin pair was assigned to Group I and the co-twin to Group II. In Groups I and II, significant, p less than or equal to .01, negative correlations between the impatience-aggression component of TABP and atherogenic lipids were observed before and after covariate adjustments. Children were classified as MYTH Type A or B on the basis of a median-split. Marginally significant differences (B greater than A) were found between the mean lipid levels of Type A and Type B children. No significant A-B differences in blood pressure or measures of obesity were observed in either group. Multivariate analysis of variance results suggested that lipid profiles in Group I differed significantly, p less than or equal to .02, by Type A-B classification. The results of this study suggest that TABP and its components are not positively associated with physiological risk factors for CVD; and the impatience-aggression component of TABP is associated with lower levels of atherogenic lipids.
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PMID:Type A behavior and physiological cardiovascular risk factors in school-age twin children. 341 46

A 54-year-old woman with obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and massive hepatomegaly was found to have severe steatosis and cirrhosis on liver biopsy. Complete evaluation led to the diagnosis of fatty cirrhosis associated with obesity and diabetic mellitus. She underwent four months of fasting with a protein-carbohydrate and vitamin-mineral liquid supplement to control her weight and metabolic abnormalities and to evaluate the effect of this diet on her liver disease. She lost 40 pounds to ideal body weight, normalized her serum glucose and lipids, and decreased total liver height by one third. Liver biopsy at the completion of her diet showed inactive cirrhosis and complete resolution of steatosis. Supplemented fasting with only modest weight loss can safely resolve fatty liver in obese diabetics with nonalcoholic steatosis and cirrhosis. Aggressive dietary approaches to achieve long-term weight loss deserve study in this subgroup of diabetics with unexplained chronic liver disease.
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PMID:Steatosis and cirrhosis in an obese diabetic. Resolution of fatty liver by fasting. 382 84

A 26-year-old woman had hyperphagia, obesity, aggressive behavior, visual hallucinations, reversal of wake-sleep patterns, hypothermia, hypothyroidism, and amenorrhea. She died of pancreatitis, probably secondary to hypothermia. Autopsy revealed a low-grade astrocytoma in the third ventricle and medial anterior and mid hypothalamus, primarily on the right. Although she exhibited thyroid and ovarian hypofunction, the patient had intact median eminence and pituitary function, suggesting end-organ failure, possibly of an autoimmune nature.
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PMID:Hypothalamic astrocytoma. Syndrome of hyperphagia, obesity, and disturbances of behavior and endocrine and autonomic function. 657 19

In the diabetic patient, the foot is particularly vulnerable to disorders resulting from vascular insufficiency, neuropathy, and infection. Without proper treatment, these disorders can lead to serious disability or amputation. Hyperglycemia, smoking, hypertension, and obesity contribute to the development of foot lesions. Early recognition of pedal lesions allows institution of measures (eg, special shoes, fitted inserts) that reduce risks of serious disorders. Patient education regarding foot care also plays an important role in prevention and management of disease. Aggressive treatment of infection and local care of lesions prevent extension of disease to adjacent areas. In cases of established infection or occlusive vascular disease amenable to bypass procedures, surgical intervention is frequently necessary. When amputation is required, rehabilitation professionals can assist the physician in patient education regarding personal care and readjustment.
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PMID:Foot disorders in diabetics. Source of serious morbidity. 688 95

A reappraisal of endometrial cancer over the past decade reveals: 1) new concepts in its pathologic nature; 2) increase in incidence; 3) acceptance of the theory of hormonal relation; and 4) acceptance of individualization of treatment. Although endometrial carcinoma is still thought of as a predominantly well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, an increase in more virulent tumors has been seen in recent years. These include: adenosquamous carcinoma; adenoacanthoma; mesodermal sarcomas; and adenometous hyperplasia. Women at high risk for these tumors include those suffering from obesity, infertility, failure of ovulation, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and those on long-term estrogen therapy. These women can be recognized and monitored by means of endometrial biopsy of the aspiration-curettage type. Adenomatous hyperplasia, the precursor of cancer, requires treatment with progestin or hysterectomy according to patient's age and reproductive status. Estrogens should be used only when indications are clear and in the smallest possible dose for the shortest period of time until the therapeutic goal is achieved. Aggressiveness of treatment should correspond to virulence of tumor. Dilatation and curettage under anesthesia should be used for clinical staging of endometrial cancer. Other means of treating endometrial cancers' include: total hysterectomy; bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; iliac-aortic lymphadenectomy; pelvic irradiation; radical hysterectomy; chemotherapy, and a drug regimen (including cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, fluorouracil, megestrol acetate).
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PMID:Current concepts in cancer: The changing nature of endometrial cancer. 735 80


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