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Query: UMLS:C0028754 (obesity)
 124,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

253 patients with acute pancreatitis were treated in clinic for surgery in Zagreb through last 23 years. The most frequent cause of pancreatitis were diseases of biliary tract, obesity, vascular deseases, alcoholism etc. In the symtomatology, the pain was present in all patients and majority of them had abdominal symptoms as well. Most of the patients came to the treatment within the firsts 24 to 48 hours. Besides Trasylol various conservative therapy was applied and some patients were operated either on billiary ducts or on pancreas. 85 patients had to be operated again on billiary tract afterwards. From 253 patients treated 24 died (9,48%) because of the necrosis of pancreas and alterations on various other organs.
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PMID:[253 patients with acute pancreatitis treated at the surgical clinic in Zagreb]. 30 Sep 70

On the Surgery Department of Military Hospital in Zagreb 164 cases of acute pancreatitis, among them 88 male and 76 female, were treated during the period of 1963 to 1974. Diagnosis was based on anamnesis, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests as well as X-ray pictures of the lungs and abdomen. In most cases (72,5 percent) etiology of the disease has shown changes of biliary tract; obesity and alchoholism were also present in high percentage. Operative treatment was applied in 72 cases and 92 cases have undergone conservative treatment. Indications for surgical intervention were lithiasis, cholecystitis, inefficiency of conservative therapy during the first 12 hours and such cases in which diagnosis could not have been given with sufficient certainty. Along with usual surgical treatment in 23 cases in which biliary obstruction and serose pancreatitis were present choledochoduodenostomy was applied with satisfactory results. 28 patients died out of 164; mortality percentage 17,1.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis in our case reports]. 30 Sep 74

Follow-up of 25 cases of pancreatitis in childhood ascertained from the Hospital Activity Analysis in Newcastle and Wales showed that the majority of the children thrived after their illness. Only one child died. Only 2 children developed diabetes mellitus and 3 had significant malabsorption. There were 13 idiopathic cases (9 acute, 4 chronic relapsing), 3 of which were obese girls of pubertal age. It is speculated that obesity, puberty and female sex together may predispose to acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Pancreatitis in childhood. 46 Dec 79

With the advent of new gray scale imaging techniques, ultrasound plays a major role in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. As a noninvasive, nonionizing, accurate, and inexpensive diagnostic modality that directly images the pancreatic gland, ultrasound can be used as a primary screening tool. It is helpful in confirming the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and in detecting and following pseudocysts and other complications. Neoplasms can be detected with a high rate of accuracy, and by assessing the presence of ascites or metastatic foci in the liver, ultrasound can aid in the staging of the neoplastic process. Bowel gas and obesity remain serious limitations to adequate examination, and in these patients computed tomography offers a complementary modality.
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PMID:Ultrasonic evaluation of the pancreas. 70 Mar 8

In order to determine whether the presence of obesity, defined as increased body mass index, would serve as a predictor of severity in acute pancreatitis, we have reviewed the medical records of 27 patients with severe acute pancreatitis. All patients had at least four positive Ranson's signs; all but three patients had at least five Ranson's signs. When the 13 patients with a fatal outcome were compared with the 14 who lived, neither obesity nor respiratory failure was an independent predictor of death. However, when the 27 patients were analyzed on the basis of whether they were obese (15 patients) or not obese (12 patients), obesity was an independent predictor of respiratory failure. Obesity was not a predictor of renal failure, pancreatic necrosis, or need for surgery. We suggest that obese patients with severe acute pancreatitis require close monitoring for the development of respiratory failure.
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PMID:Obesity as a predictor of severity in acute pancreatitis. 178 36

Secondary hyperlipidaemia is common and occurs frequently in disorders such as obesity, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, liver and renal diseases and as a side-effect of drug therapy, particularly for hypertension. Its management may be important to prevent complications such as coronary heart disease and acute pancreatitis. Its study provides many fascinating insights into lipoprotein pathophysiology.
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PMID:Secondary hyperlipidaemia. 210 Jun 85

To evaluate whether obesity is a negative prognostic parameter in the course of acute pancreatitis, we examined 149 patients and divided them into four weight groups. Single (methemalbumin) and multiple (Ranson's signs) prognostic parameters were found to be independent of increased body weight in all groups, although the incidence of patients with more than six Ranson's signs or a positive methemalbumin test was highest in the most obese group. There was also no direct positive correlation between increased body weight and the incidence of mortality and late complications such as pseudocysts and abscesses. However, when compared with patients of normal weight, the obese groups showed a slight increase in the incidence of early complications such as shock and renal insufficiency and a significant increase in respiratory insufficiency necessitating artificial ventilation. Thus, increased body weight was associated with increased incidence of early extrapancreatic complications.
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PMID:Increased body weight as a prognostic parameter for complications in the course of acute pancreatitis. 223 73

In 32 nonobese and 8 obese patients with acute pancreatitis [AP] and 12 control subjects the insulin response to oral and intravenous glucose load was studied. It has been shown, that secretion of insulin after oral glucose was significantly impaired and delayed in nonobese patients in comparison to control. Contrary, the hyperinsulinic response was evident in obese patients. Any significant difference of insulin secretion after intravenous glucose in nonobese patients and controls were not observed. The hyperinsulinic response in 8 obese patients with AP after i.v. glucose was even more evident than after oral glucose load. In both groups of patients with AP, the coefficient of glucose utilisation was diminished. The results indicate a significant impairment of glucose-insulin interrelations during early stages of acute pancreatitis and suggest the influence of obesity on insulin response in this disease.
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PMID:The insulin response and glucose tolerance in acute pancreatitis with reference to patients body weight. 676 99

Ninety-nine patients with acute pancreatitis in whom body mass index (BMI = weight (kg)/height2 (m2)) was measured were studied prospectively to determine the importance of obesity as a prognostic factor in this disease. Of 19 obese patients (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2), 12 developed severe pancreatitis; seven had abscesses, of whom five died, and two further patients died. In 80 non-obese patients, the incidence of severe pancreatitis (n = 5), abscess formation (n = 4) and death (n = 4) was significantly less (P = 0.0007). The mean(s.d.) BMI of 17 patients with severe acute pancreatitis was significantly higher than that in 82 patients with mild acute disease (31.2(5.6) versus 23.3(5.6) kg/m2, P < 0.001). As a single prognostic factor, obesity had a sensitivity of 63 per cent and a specificity of 95 per cent for predicting disease severity. When five obese women with gallstone pancreatitis were excluded, the sensitivity of obesity increased to 86 per cent. Severe pancreatitis occurred in all eight obese patients with disease of an alcoholic aetiology. These data suggest that increased fat deposits in the peripancreatic and retroperitoneal spaces in obese patients may increase the risk of peripancreatic fat necrosis, abscess and death. Consideration should be given to including obesity as a prognostic factor in acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Obesity: an important prognostic factor in acute pancreatitis. 849 17

In children with pancreatic disease, computed tomography (CT) has a primary role in the evaluation of pancreatitis, trauma, and malignancy. At CT, pancreatic abnormalities may manifest as pancreatic enlargement (tumor, acute pancreatitis), pancreatic atrophy (cystic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis), cystic lesions (pseudocysts, congenital simple cysts, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, von Hippel-Lindau disease, cystic fibrosis, cystic neoplasms), or fatty replacement (cystic fibrosis, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, history of steroid therapy, Cushing syndrome, Johanson-Blizzard syndrome, obesity). CT is the best modality for evaluation of pancreatitis, allowing detection of pancreatic abnormalities as well as abnormal extrapancreatic fluid collections. In children who have undergone blunt abdominal trauma, CT has been shown to be the best initial imaging study, being more sensitive than ultrasound for detection of pancreatic injury. In neoplastic conditions, CT demonstrates the extent of disease, enables characterization of the tissue components of the tumor, and allows accurate posttreatment follow-up. Although the various diseases of the pancreas may have overlapping appearances at CT, the correct diagnosis can often be made on the basis of the CT findings in combination with the clinical history, laboratory data, and the patient's age.
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PMID:Pancreatic disease in children and young adults: evaluation with CT. 974 14


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