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Query: UMLS:C0028738 (nystagmus)
 7,431 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most commonly used method of testing the responses of the labyrinths is Water Stimulated Bithermal-Caloric Test of Fitzgerald-Hallpike. Before planning an otiatric surgery it is necessary to support by documentary evidence the responses of the vestibular organ in the ear planned to be operated on, however, irrigation with water may cause damage to structures of the ear and may intensify symptoms of the diseases and eventually make the treatment more difficult. In some centers where Water Stimulated Bithermal-Caloric Test were used alone, or a combination of air and water stimulated caloric test were performed, it seemed to be difficult to compare the results of both tests. In this study I tried to establish parameters of stimuli obtained in the Air Stimulated Bithermal-Calorics test that evoked nystagmus, similar to those obtained in the Fitzgerald-Hallpike water stimulated test. It was determined that the duration of nystagmus in both water and air stimulated bithermal-caloric tests were identical when the temperature of "cold" air wave was 26 degrees C, whereas "warm" air wave had the temperature of 48 degrees C and the time of stimulation for both tests was 80 seconds.
Otolaryngol Pol 2002
PMID:[A comparison of water and air stimulated bithermal-caloric test and the usefulness of both methods in otologic surgery]. 1209 51

A report of 33 years old female with Wernicke's encephalopathy is presented. The disease was secondary to hyperemesis gravidarum, started from the 6th week of pregnancy. Neurological symptoms as nystagmus, headache, vertigo, disturbance of consciousness and ataxia are described, as well as difficulties in finding out the right diagnosis. We present the therapy with vitamin B1. The subsequent course of the pregnancy was uncomplicated and resulted in a birth--by caesarean section of a healthy male infant, weighted 2790 grams. However, four months later after the delivery, the patient is not yet completely recovered and still demands thiamine supplementation.
Ginekol Pol 2003 Aug
PMID:[Wernicke's encephalopathy due to hyperemesis gravidarum]. 1453 43

Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumour and comprises over half of extramedullar tumours of spinal canal. The causes of meningiomas occurrence are mostly unknown. Genetic factors, hormonal disorders, injuries, viral induction and ionizing radiation may play certain role in its developing. There are several histological types of meningiomas; endothelial or syncytial--the most common form (64%), fibrilplastic--12%, anaplastic--11%, transitory--7%, angioplastic--%, psammoma--3%, angiomatous--1%, warty--very rarely. Authors have presented the case of a 53-year-old farmer treated in the Department of Otolaryngology Medical Academy in Bialystok due to lipoma located behind the ear. The lipoma was removed surgically under local anaesthesia. Post-operative course was uncomplicated. During laryngologic examination sensorineural hearing loss of left ear was established. Broaden audiologic and otoneurologic diagnostics revealed sensorineural hearing loss of left ear ranged between 20 to 80 dB when impedance was normal. Constant latent polydirectional nystagmus, pathologic vibratory test and asymmetric optokinetic nystagmus were confirmed in ENG exam. Magnetic resonance was performed as the central nervous system pathology was suspected. During the exam, 4 tumours of similar morphology located paracerebrally were fond. The tumours were bounded by wide base with dura matter and corresponded to meningiomas. After neurosurgical consultation, the patient was classified to surgical treatment. Frontotemporal dextral craniotomy was performed and partial meningiomas were removed. Post-operative course was uncomplicated. Transiently, narrowed visual field was observed. Audiologic parameters did not undergo change for the worse.
Otolaryngol Pol 2003
PMID:[Multiple meningioma in 53 years old woman manifested only by unilateral hearing loss]. 1504 97

Vertebrobasilar insufficiency is described as one of the reasons for tinnitus, especially of patients with degenerative cervical spine lesions showed in radiographic imaging. In this study we present the electronystagmographic results of 76 tinnitus patients in two groups: 56 persons with and 18 persons without degenerative cervical findings. All patients underwent clinical otoneurological, audiological and additionally Doppler sonography of vertebral artery examination. We found incorrect cervical radiography in 76.3% tinnitus patients and pathological vertebral artery blood flow in 20.7%, most frequently in patients with cervical degenerative lesions. Electronystagmographic outcome of vestibular system in tinnitus patients in both groups showed abnormal recordings in positional nystagmus in 51.7% and 27.8% persons, saccadic test in 43.1% and 44.4% persons and in smooth pursuit test in 41.3% and 33.3% persons respectively. There were no significant differences between groups in ENG results. It can suggest central vestibular impairment in these patients. ENG examination, seem to be a useful method in vestibular system evaluation in tinnitus patients. Radiographic imaging of cervical spine is less valuable in these patients.
Otolaryngol Pol 2004
PMID:[Electronystagmographic evaluation of vestibular system in tinnitus patients with degenerative cervical spine lesions]. 1530 83

Multiple sclerosis (SM) is the most frequent inflammatory-demyelinating disease of central nervous system. The character of SM disease provokes that its most frequent symptoms are vertigo, equilibrium disorders and ataxia. Objective method of vertigo estimation is evaluation of the nystagmus via videonystagmography registration (VNG). This examination allows to simultaneously assess the vertical and horizontal component of the nystagmus. It is considered that mainly the vertical nystagmus is characteristic to equilibrium system impairments of the central nervous system, caused also by SM. The study was carried out on 40 patients (28 women, 12 men) with SM diagnosed as a result of neurological examination. 7 patients (17.5%) suffered from sham - movement vertigo, while 33 patients (82.5%) suffered from instability of posture and walking deviation. The videonystagmography examination resulted in the following: deviation of the eye movement was recorded in 26 patients (65%) during either in saccadic test and in smooth pursuit test, optokinetic nystagmus recorded: dissymetric and variable amplitude result in 24 patients (60%), presence of vertical nystagmus component in 30 patients (75%), positional test: directional-changable nystagmus in 8 patients (20%), pendular nystagmus in 4 patients (10%), presence of vertical nystagmus component in 31 patients (77.5%), caloric test: impairments of one of the labyrinth recorded in 12 patients (30%). SM is still the diagnostic and therapeutic problem. During the mentioned tests we have found the quantitative and qualitative changes in VNG recordings. This may be helpful in SM diagnosis, mainly during its early stages.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2005 Sep
PMID:[Evaluation of the equilibrium system in patients with multiple sclerosis based on qualitative assessment with videonystagmography]. 1635 50

Cervical spine spondylotic changes are known to cause vertigo, but diagnostic criteria are not established. The aim of present study was to asses diagnostic value of classical radiologic, electronystagmographic (ENG) and transcranial doppler ultrasonographic (TCD) examinations in cervical vertigo diagnostic process. Forty patients with vertigo lasting more than 6 months with radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis participated in the study. All patients had ENG and TCD with neck rotation test. Cervical vertigo was diagnosed in patients with positive neck rotation test in: TCD examination (15% decrease of vertebral artery flow) and/or ENG examination (cervical nystagmus). We diagnosed cervical vertigo in 65% of patients. Multivariate model of logistic regression analysis showed that the best statistical predictors of cervical vertigo were: asymmetry of vertebral artery flow in TCD (OR: 92.2; 95% CI: 6,2-1381) and presence of osteophytes and discopathy in radiological examination (OR: 64.1; 95% CI: 1,3-1107). The transcranial doppler ultrasonographic examinations seems to be useful for diagnosing cervical vertigo.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2005 Sep
PMID:[Analysis of select diagnostic examination results and their connection with cervical vertigo diagnosis]. 1635 82

Neuro-otologic examination is very important in evaluation of balance system. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic, debilitating disease characterized by focal demyelinization that develop throughout of the central nerves system at varying time. Patients with MS presented various complaints and signs, so the aim of the study was the neuro-otologic presentation of multiple findings in patients with MS and comparison with reviewing literature. The study was carried out in 32 patients with MS (21 with relapsing-remitting, 9 with secondary progressive, 1 with primary progressive and 1 with progressive/relapsing types) the mean age was 38 +/- 10 years. Clinical neuro-otologic examinations were performed in all patients paying special attention to eye movement ability. Vertigo as the first symptom was found in 18.8% of patients but up to 68% of patients would complain this symptom at some point of disease. The hearing impairment and tinnitus complains 6.2% patients, optic neuritis 28% patients and double vision 46.9% of them. A few types of eye movement disorder like abnormalities of fixation, gaze-evoked nystagmus, acquired pendular nystagmus and vertical nystagmus in 46.8% patients were observed. The clinical signs of internuclear ophthalmoplegia were noticed in 2 patients. Disturbance in voluntary gaze either in smooth pursuit test (31.3%) and in saccadic test (43.8%) were seen. The multifocal nature of MS explain why this disease are so commonly subject to defect different part of nerve system. Careful neuro-otologic assessment of every patient with MS is necessary to confirm and monitoring the course of disease.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2005 Sep
PMID:[Neuro-otologic findings in multiple sclerosis]. 1635 94

The aim of the study was evaluation of central vestibular disorders in the scope of vestibular ocular reflexes disturbances in three planes: roll, pitch and yaw. The topo-diagnostic value of ocular tilt reaction, vertical nystagmus, rotational and horizontal nystagmus in central lesions was discussed.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2005 Sep
PMID:[Select neuro-otologic procedures in vertigo cases]. 1635 10

In the study oculomotor abnormalities were investigated in 35 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Vestibular-oculomotor reflexes, pursuit eye movement, saccades and optokinetic nystagmus were evaluated using videonystagmographic registration. Saccadis, smooth pursuit and optokinetic reflexes were significantly disturbed in the majority of cases. Pathological results of caloric and rotatory tests were observed rarely. In the patients after stereotactic thalamotomy--14 cases, there were no changes in visual-oculomotor reflexes pathology. The results show that visual reflexes are often disturbed in Parkinson's disease and suggest the possibility that subcortical neurons, not thalamus are engaged in reflex eye movements.
Otolaryngol Pol 2006
PMID:[Visual-oculomotor and vestibular-oculomotor abnormalities in Parkinson's disease]. 1682 36

Elektronystagmographic outcome of visual ocular-motor tests (smooth pursuit, optokinetic, saccadic) in 67 healthy subjects in different age were used for quantitative analysis. Three groups were studied: 16 young (29.8 +/- 5.1 year), 38 middle-aged (53.2 +/- 7.6 year) and 13 elderly (73.6 +/- 4.1 year). A four-channel ENG system (version 2,4 Toennies Nystagliner, Germany), with DC-coupled amplifiers, separately for each eye was used. The pursuit target was driven by predictable sinusoidal target with velocity 29 degrees/s, 38 degrees/s, 49 degrees/s and amplitudes of 15 degrees right and left. Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) was performed using both clockwise and counterclockwise stimuli with velocity 28 degrees/s and 37 degrees/s. In saccades test targets moved abruptly 15 degrees left and right of the centre. In all tests several parameters were calculated like: morphology, gain, phase, maximum velocity and preponderance, and in saccadic test, saccade latency, duration and accuracy as well. In smooth pursuit test gain decreased with ageing. The differences between ages group (younger-middle-age and younger-elderly) for each target velocity were statistically significant. In this study with our paradigm task there was not significant evidence that age impacts parameters of optokinetic and saccadic tests. The 95% prediction interval (95 PI) was calculated for all tests parameters. These findings suggest that evaluation of electronystagmography outcome especially the diagnosis of smooth pursuit dysfunction should be quantified by the age of the patient and by the target task.
Otolaryngol Pol 2006
PMID:[Electronystagmographic outcome of visual ocular-motor tests in normal individuals of different ages]. 1682 41


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