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Query: UMLS:C0028738 (nystagmus)
 7,431 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In rabbits, stimulation of the otolith organs was shown to exert a double effect on nystagmus evokedby adequate stimulation of semicircular canals' receptors: The immediate and the delayed. On simultaneous stimulation of the two portions of vestibular apparatus, inhibition of systagmus occurs. In the course of aftereffect of the otolith stimulation, both the activated and the inhibited responses as well as the responses similar to control can be revealed, depending on the time interval between presentationsof otolith and cupulous stimuli.
Fiziol Zh SSSR Im I M Sechenova 1976 Sep
PMID:[Changes in nystagmus following otolith stimulation]. 101 Jan 1

Five hundred seventy-five children from low-income urban neighborhoods who were between 10 and 12 years of age were examined by pediatricians for certain neurological signs. Classroom teachers ranked each child according to types of behavior. Data on neurological signs found in more than 15 children and on types of classroom behavior clinically expected to be related to central nervous system defects were studied statistically. Significant positive associations were found between nystagmus and hyperactivity, mixed dominance and hyperactivity, and mixed dominance and variable day-to-day performance. Errors in moving parts of the body on verbal command were associated with distractibility and underachievement. Head circumference greater than the 90th percentile for age was associated with unvarying behavior and clumsiness; tactile agnosia with unvarying behavior; asymmetry of the eyes with hyperactivity; and asymmetrical position of the child's head with underachievement. A negative association was found between nystagmus and musical ability.
Am J Dis Child 1975 Sep
PMID:Relationships between neurological findings and classroom behavior. 108 39

The typical positional nystagmus was induced in 30 intact rabbits with injection of 0.1-0.4 ml of 0.03-0.05% dicaine solution into the cerebral cisterna magna. The positional nystagmus resulted, supposedly, from the effect of the anesthetic upon the basal structures of the 3rd ventricle of the brain, upon the hypothalamus in particular. The trigger mechanism of the phenomenon is the displacement of the membraneous ampullae of semicircular canals at the tilting of the head. To prove this, 0.01-0.03 ml of 4% dicaine solution were injected directly into the anterior and posterior hypothalamus through a metallic cannula. When introduced into the anterior hypothalamus the dose of the anesthetic necessary for occurrence of the positional nystagmus is two or three times lesser than when it is injected into the posterior nypothalamus. In two delabyrinthed rabbits we failed to induce the nystagmus in this way.
Fiziol Zh SSSR Im I M Sechenova 1975 Sep
PMID:[The role of the hypothalamus in the mechanism of positional nystagmus]. 108 21

Three hundred and nine patients, whose chief complaint was dizziness following a flexion-extension type of acceleration neck injury, were examined in the Neurosensory Laboratory of Temple University Health Sciences Center between 1965 and 1972. Specific attention was devoted to vestibular tests, including a search for latent and positional nystagmus, bithermal calorics, and rotatory tests. All tests were performed with the aid of electronystagmography; latent nystagmus was present in 29 percent of the patients, caloric tests were abnormal in 57 percent, and rotatory tests were abnormal in 51 percent. These findings suggest that many of these patients have a verfiable objective vestibular disturbance as a cause of dizziness, even though the neurologic examination may be normal. Furthermore, in order to detect this objective vestibular dysfunction, the patient should be tested with aid of electronystagmography since nystagmus may be inhibited by visual fixation.
Neurology 1976 Sep
PMID:Acute flexion-extension injury of the neck. Electronystagmographic study of 309 patients. 108 67

The peak velocity-amplitude characteristics of voluntary saccades and the fast phases of caloric, rotational, and optokinetic (OKN) nystagmus were compared in ten human subjects in both light and, except for OKN, darkness. All these fast eye movements had similar velocities and all slowed in darkness. This study supports the presumption that the identical brainstem firing patterns found in monkeys for all fast eye movements also occur in man.
Invest Ophthalmol 1975 Sep
PMID:Comparative velocities of different types of fast eye movements in man. 115 33

A case of severe vertigo, following multiple operations for chronic suppurative otitis media is described. Sensitive nystagmus-producing spots in the mastoid cavity were treated by cryosurgery. Despite the absence of histological evidence of sensory epithelium or nerve endings, a good result was obtained.
J Laryngol Otol 1975 Sep
PMID:Cryo-labyrinthectomy for post-mastoidectomy vertigo. 117 30

The study concerns an epileptic patient whose absence attacks were contingent on the viewing of striped patterns. A series of experiments demonstrated first that seizures were not due to the intermittent stimulation of retinal cells produced as physiological nystagmus vibrated the image of the pattern, and secondly that seizures were triggered at the cortical level, probably by the firing of complex cells. Spectacles which occluded pattern vision in one eye were highly effective in reducing seizure incidence.
Brain 1975 Sep
PMID:Stripes, complex cells and seizures. An attempt to determine the locus and nature of the trigger mechanism in pattern-sensitive epilepsy. 118 83

Seven cases of progressive familial myoclonus epilepsy occurring in three families are presented. The patients were in different stages of the illness. The EEG was abnormal in all. It is suggested that these cases belong clinically to the Lafora bodies group. Nystagmus and optic atrophy, seen in one patient, have not been described previously. Myoclonic jerks did not respond to treatment with diazepam and ethosuximide.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1975 Sep
PMID:Progressive familial myoclonus epilepsy. 118 22

For all cases of idiopathic congenital nystagmus visual acuity is reduced. This paper describes the analysis of such a system using some psychophysical methods of evaluation. Both the pattern and movement detecting responses are considered and discussed. Both of their sensitivities are found to be reduced by equivalent amounts. Future studies are outlined.
Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1975 Sep
PMID:Visual resolution in congenital pendular nystagmus. 120 Jan 27

During rotation of the rabbit around a vertical axis, movements of the eye were recorded on film. The rotation test involved positive angular accelaration (10 grade. sec(-2)), two-minute rotation with constant angular speed (166 grade. sec(-1)), and negative angular acceleration (10 grade. sec(-2)). Two variants of rotation were used: in one of them the rotation axis passed between labyrinths, in another - an excentricitet providing centrifugal force of 0.5 g was present. The successive processing of the film revealed simultaneous movements of the eye in three planes: horizontal, frontal, and sagittal. The movements in all the planes consisted of rhythmic (hystagmal proper) and tonic components. The movements in sagittal and frontal planes were comparable with those in horizontal planes. A tonic otolith reflex occurred additionally at the excentric rotation. The complex form of the nystagmus is regarded as a result of hydromechanical interaction between semicircular canals.
Fiziol Zh SSSR Im I M Sechenova 1975 Sep
PMID:[The vertical and rotatory components of ocular nystagmus induced by rotation in a horizontal plane]. 121 96


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