Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028738 (nystagmus)
 7,431 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two- and three-dimensional analyses of nicotine-induced eye movements were performed in 53 subjects to evaluate whether they were primarily of vestibular or ocular motor origin. Nicotine-induced nystagmus was detected in 27 subjects (51%); in 25 of these (93%) it was modulated by otolith input. Three-dimensional analysis of nicotine-induced nystagmus revealed that it violates Listing's law. Taken together, these findings suggest that nicotine induces an imbalance in the vestibulo-ocular reflex.
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PMID:Nicotine-induced nystagmus: three-dimensional analysis and dependence on head position. 1109 16

Nicotine has wellknown, unpleasant side effects, e.g., transient dizziness, nausea, and nicotine-induced nystagmus (NIN). To investigate factors influencing these effects, we addressed three questions: (1) Is the intensity of dizziness, nausea, NIN, and unsteadiness dependent on nicotine dosage? (2) Does the intensity of perceptual, ocular motor, vegetative effects, and postural imbalance correlate? (3) Do visual or vestibular motion stimuli produce and/or aggravate distressing dizziness and nausea? Sixty healthy non-smokers or occasional smokers participated; 40 were tested once before and six times after application of a nicotine nasal spray in doses of 1 mg or 2 mg with or without motion stimulation; 20 received a placebo nasal spray. Plasma nicotine concentrations were significantly related to nicotine dosage. Dizziness, nausea, NIN, and unsteadiness also depended on the nicotine dosage (p < 0.01).Nicotine blood concentration was a better predictor for the temporal dependence of nystagmus than nicotine dosage. Dizziness correlated highly with nausea (R = 0.63, p < 0.001). The degree of nicotine-induced nausea significantly correlated with postural imbalance. The time course of postural sway differed according to nicotine dosage and gender: for women, there was no clear relationship between sway magnitude and nicotine dosage, while men showed increased sway with higher dosage. Motion stimulation increased nicotine-induced dizziness and nausea, but did not significantly influence NIN or postural imbalance. Our data support the view that all measured adverse effects reflect dose-dependent nicotine-induced vestibular dysfunction. Additional motion stimulation aggravates dizziness and nausea, i.e., nicotine increases sensitivity to motion sickness.
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PMID:The effect of nicotine on perceptual, ocular motor, postural, and vegetative functions at rest and in motion. 1799 61