Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028738 (nystagmus)
 7,431 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The vestibular system consisting of vestibular ganglion, nerve and inferior, medial, lateral and superior nuclei and fastigial nucleus, cerebellar vermis, flocculus and hemisphere in 14 autopsy cases of methyl mercury intoxication in Niigata and 12 age-matched controls were examined neuropathologically. The findings were evaluated semiquantitatively, that is, -; normal, +/-; gliosis alone, +; loss of neurons or myelinated fibers less than about 40%, ++; loss of neurons from about 41 to 80%, ; loss of neurons more than about 81%. The results were compared to the records of the equilibrium function of those patients. The examinations on the equilibrium function revealed positive findings in the optokinetic and positional nystagmus, eye tracking, Mann or Stepping test in many of the patients. There were no remarkable histological alterations in the vestibular ganglion and nerve of the patients. Moderate and diffuse gliosis with slight shrinkage of neurons were observed in the vestibular and fastigial nuclei of all the patients. Slight loss of neurons in various vestibular nuclei was examined in only 4 patients. The fastigial nucleus showed no evident loss of neurons. In contrast, the cerebellum showed diffuse loss of Purkinje and granule cells, the degree of which was higher in the vermis than in the hemisphere and the flocculus. In the controls, the vestibular nerve and nuclei showed no remarkable alteration even in eight decade subjects. However, the Purkinje cells in the vermis seemed to have a tendency to decrease in aging. The dysequilibrium in the patient of methyl mercury intoxication did not seem to be correspond to the degeneration of the vestibular ganglion, nerve or nuclei.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The vestibular system and cerebellum in organic mercury intoxication; an otolaryngological and neuropathological investigation on 14 autopsy cases in Niigata]. 281 11

Somatosensory compensation for vestibular deficiency was demonstrated by stepping in circles in the dark. Stepping around in small circles provides a complex pattern of afferent somatosensory signals, which in combination represent the actual movement. Labyrinthless patients, i.e. patients devoid of labyrinthine function, reported during real as well as during apparent stepping around (on a rotating platform without stimulation of the canals) a strong sensation of rotation, as did the healthy subjects; they had a stronger somatosensory nystagmus than the healthy controls. In controls, the somatosensory and vestibular aftersensations cancelled, while the vestibular slightly outweighed their somatosensory afternystagmus . Labyrinthless subjects had no vestibulo- culomotor integrator function.
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PMID:Somatosensory compensation for loss of labyrinthine function. 660 19

[Purpose] This study investigated to determine whether the Sideways Stepping Test (SST) is a useful test to detect unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH). [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-eight subjects including both male and females between the ages of 25 and 55 who had been diagnosed with UVH were recruited for the study. All the subjects were tested with the SST and followed by the head-shaking nystagmus (HSN) test using video electronystagmography (VENG) to confirm the presence of UVH. The results of both tests were then compared with each other to determine the correlation, sensitivity, and specificity. [Results] The results showed that the SST is strongly correlated with the gold standard HSN test using VENG and is highly sensitive and specific. [Conclusion] The present study showed that the SST is a highly valid test that can be used as an alternative method to the gold standard HSN test using VENG in detecting UVH.
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PMID:The efficiency of the sideways stepping test in detecting unilateral vestibular hypofunction. 2543 85