Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0028738 (nystagmus)
 7,431 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) is a disorder of the vestibular labyrinth. The clinical features can be explained by an abnormality in the posterior semicircular canal. Under the influence of gravity, a density differential between the endolymph and the cupula will cause displacement of the cupula when changes in head position occur. The presence or absence of fatiguability is a useful test as it helps define etiology, prognosis, and therapy. At the risk of adding yet another classification of nystagmus to the literature, we submit that division of BPV into two types (fatiguable and nonfatiguable) will simplify and rationalize the management of this common complaint.
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PMID:The mechanics of benign paroxysmal vertigo. 43 May 82

Benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) is generally attributed to a differential density condition in the posterior semicircular canal. Although the posterior canal is implicated because of its dependent position, the possibility exists that either the horizontal or superior canal could become involved. This paper reports on seven patients with a clinical picture consistent with horizontal canal BPV. The characteristic features are brief vertigo and horizontal nystagmus precipitated by head movement into or out of one of the lateral positions. Position change toward the left lateral position induces left beating nystagmus and vice versa for position change toward the right. The direction of the nystagmus indicates a utriculopetal "endolymph flow" when the affected horizontal canal is undermost. This could be explained by particle movement or a "viscous plug" in the posterior aspect of the canal.
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PMID:Horizontal canal BPV. 406 89

Benign paroxysmal vertigo and nystagmus are induced not only by the posterior but also by the horizontal semicircular canal. Benign positional nystagmus of the horizontal canal is more often observed than was previously thought. In 10 patients we analyzed the characteristics and the variability of nystagmus which accompanies positional vertigo of the horizontal canal. There are two forms of nystagmus: primary-geotropic, most often paroxysmal nystagmus (7 patients), and primary-apogeotropic, non-paroxysmal nystagmus (3 patients). Interestingly, in 2 patients with the primary-apogeotropic form the nystagmus converted during the examination into the primary-geotropic form. The reverse was not observed. We discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms which could be relevant for provoking manoeuvres.
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PMID:[Benign postural vertigo and nystagmus of the horizontal semicircular canal]. 915 34

Benign paroxysmal vertigo in children is characterized by sudden attacks of vertigo lasting seconds or minutes. During the attack, the child has nystagmus and is unable to stand without support. Initially, the attacks are frequent, later slowly disappearing. Nineteen children who were diagnosed in 1975-1981 participated in a follow-up study. Sixteen of them were examined with audiometry and electronystagmography. Age at onset was from 5 months to 8 years, and the symptoms disappeared after 3 months to 8 years. The follow-up was performed 13 to 20 years after diagnosis. Twenty-one percent developed migraine which is somewhat more than in a normal population of this age. Thirty-nine percent had a family history of migraine which is a figure considerably lower than in a migraine population. None still had vertigo or a balance disorder. Our conclusion is that benign paroxysmal vertigo has a favorable outcome, and it is not a general precursor of migraine.
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PMID:Benign paroxysmal vertigo in childhood: a long-term follow-up. 1561 92